Synthesis and biological evaluation of 3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazole derivatives as androgen receptor antagonists

Copper-Catalyzed Alkynylation of In Situ-Generated Azoalkenes: An Umpolung Approach to Pyrazoles

A straightforward umpolung approach to regioselectively N-protected polysubstituted pyrazoles starting from aromatic α-halohydrazones and terminal alkynes has been developed. In this process, azoalkenes generated in situ from α-halohydrazones are involved in the Cu(I)-catalyzed Michael addition with alkynes to give α-alkynyl-substituted hydrazones that cyclize to give the target pyrazoles in 37-85% yield. The method employs readily available starting materials and features good functional group compatibility (nitro, sulfonyl, cyano, trimethylsilyl, and primary bromoalkyl groups, esters, and alcohols are tolerated) and scalability.

Anticancer potential of some β-diketonates: DNA interactions, protein binding properties, and molecular docking study

With the goal to discover a new antitumor drug with the better or similar effects to existing, a small series of β-diketonate was tested on a cisplatin-resistant MDA-MB-231 and HeLa tumor cell lines, and nontumor MRC-5 cell line. All compounds showed notable cytotoxicity against both tumor cell lines and good selectivity. Importantly, β-diketonates displayed greater selectivity than cisplatin, which is the crucial factor for a new antitumor drug candidate. Further, investigations with biomacromolecules such as DNA and serum albumin were performed. Investigations showed that tested compounds bind to DNA through intercalation and have appropriate affinity for binding to bovine serum albumin. In addition, the molecular docking study was performed to investigate more specifically the sites and binding mode of tested β-diketonate to DNA or bovine serum albumin. In conclusion, all results indicated the big potential of these compounds for application in clinical practice in future.

2,4-Diketo esters: Crucial intermediates for drug discovery

Convenient structures such as 2,4-diketo esters have been widely used as an effective pattern in medicinal chemistry and pharmacology for drug discovery. 2,4-Diketonate is a common scaffold that can be found in many biologically active and naturally occurring compounds. Also, many 2,4-diketo ester derivatives have been prepared due to their suitable synthesis. These synthetic drugs and natural products have shown numerous interesting biological properties with clinical potential as a cure for the broad specter of diseases. This review aims to highlight the important evidence of 2,4-diketo esters as a privileged scaffold in medicinal chemistry and pharmacology. Herein, numerous aspects of 2,4-diketo esters will be summarized, including synthesis and isolation of their derivatives, development of novel synthetic methodologies, the evaluation of their biological properties as well as the mechanisms of action of the diketo ester derivates. This paperwork is expected to be a comprehensive, trustworthy, and critical review of the 2,4-diketo ester intermediate to the chemistry community.

Discovery of novel 5-methyl-1H-pyrazole derivatives as potential antiprostate cancer agents: Design, synthesis, molecular modeling, and biological evaluation

Androgen receptor (AR) signaling functions as a core driving force for the progression of prostate cancer (PCa), and AR has been proved to be an effective therapeutic target even for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Herein, structural modification via a fragments splicing strategy was performed based on two lead compounds T3 and 10e, leading to the discovery of a series of 5-methyl-1H-pyrazole derivatives. AR reporter gene assay revealed compounds A13 and A14 as potent AR antagonists. Some of the compounds in this series inhibited growth of PCa LNCaP cells more efficiently than enzalutamide. A13 and A14 also showed improved metabolic stability compared with 10e in human liver microsomes.