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Premji TP, Dash BS, Das S, Chen JP. Functionalized Nanomaterials for Inhibiting ATP-Dependent Heat Shock Proteins in Cancer Photothermal/Photodynamic Therapy and Combination Therapy. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:112. [PMID: 38202567 PMCID: PMC10780407 DOI: 10.3390/nano14010112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Phototherapies induced by photoactive nanomaterials have inspired and accentuated the importance of nanomedicine in cancer therapy in recent years. During these light-activated cancer therapies, a nanoagent can produce heat and cytotoxic reactive oxygen species by absorption of light energy for photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT). However, PTT is limited by the self-protective nature of cells, with upregulated production of heat shock proteins (HSP) under mild hyperthermia, which also influences PDT. To reduce HSP production in cancer cells and to enhance PTT/PDT, small HSP inhibitors that can competitively bind at the ATP-binding site of an HSP could be employed. Alternatively, reducing intracellular glucose concentration can also decrease ATP production from the metabolic pathways and downregulate HSP production from glucose deprivation. Other than reversing the thermal resistance of cancer cells for mild-temperature PTT, an HSP inhibitor can also be integrated into functionalized nanomaterials to alleviate tumor hypoxia and enhance the efficacy of PDT. Furthermore, the co-delivery of a small-molecule drug for direct HSP inhibition and a chemotherapeutic drug can integrate enhanced PTT/PDT with chemotherapy (CT). On the other hand, delivering a glucose-deprivation agent like glucose oxidase (GOx) can indirectly inhibit HSP and boost the efficacy of PTT/PDT while combining these therapies with cancer starvation therapy (ST). In this review, we intend to discuss different nanomaterial-based approaches that can inhibit HSP production via ATP regulation and their uses in PTT/PDT and cancer combination therapy such as CT and ST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thejas P. Premji
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (T.P.P.); (B.S.D.); (S.D.)
| | - Banendu Sunder Dash
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (T.P.P.); (B.S.D.); (S.D.)
| | - Suprava Das
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (T.P.P.); (B.S.D.); (S.D.)
| | - Jyh-Ping Chen
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (T.P.P.); (B.S.D.); (S.D.)
- Craniofacial Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Kwei-San, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Kwei-San, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, Tai-Shan, New Taipei City 24301, Taiwan
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A Comprehensive Analysis and Anti-Cancer Activities of Quercetin in ROS-Mediated Cancer and Cancer Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911746. [PMID: 36233051 PMCID: PMC9569933 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) induce carcinogenesis by causing genetic mutations, activating oncogenes, and increasing oxidative stress, all of which affect cell proliferation, survival, and apoptosis. When compared to normal cells, cancer cells have higher levels of ROS, and they are responsible for the maintenance of the cancer phenotype; this unique feature in cancer cells may, therefore, be exploited for targeted therapy. Quercetin (QC), a plant-derived bioflavonoid, is known for its ROS scavenging properties and was recently discovered to have various antitumor properties in a variety of solid tumors. Adaptive stress responses may be induced by persistent ROS stress, allowing cancer cells to survive with high levels of ROS while maintaining cellular viability. However, large amounts of ROS make cancer cells extremely susceptible to quercetin, one of the most available dietary flavonoids. Because of the molecular and metabolic distinctions between malignant and normal cells, targeting ROS metabolism might help overcome medication resistance and achieve therapeutic selectivity while having little or no effect on normal cells. The powerful bioactivity and modulatory role of quercetin has prompted extensive research into the chemical, which has identified a number of pathways that potentially work together to prevent cancer, alongside, QC has a great number of evidences to use as a therapeutic agent in cancer stem cells. This current study has broadly demonstrated the function-mechanistic relationship of quercetin and how it regulates ROS generation to kill cancer and cancer stem cells. Here, we have revealed the regulation and production of ROS in normal cells and cancer cells with a certain signaling mechanism. We demonstrated the specific molecular mechanisms of quercetin including MAPK/ERK1/2, p53, JAK/STAT and TRAIL, AMPKα1/ASK1/p38, RAGE/PI3K/AKT/mTOR axis, HMGB1 and NF-κB, Nrf2-induced signaling pathways and certain cell cycle arrest in cancer cell death, and how they regulate the specific cancer signaling pathways as long-searched cancer therapeutics.
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Liu Z, Balasubramanian V, Bhat C, Vahermo M, Mäkilä E, Kemell M, Fontana F, Janoniene A, Petrikaite V, Salonen J, Yli-Kauhaluoma J, Hirvonen J, Zhang H, Santos HA. Quercetin-Based Modified Porous Silicon Nanoparticles for Enhanced Inhibition of Doxorubicin-Resistant Cancer Cells. Adv Healthc Mater 2017; 6. [PMID: 27943644 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201601009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
One of the most challenging obstacles in nanoparticle's surface modification is to achieve the concept that one ligand can accomplish multiple purposes. Upon such consideration, 3-aminopropoxy-linked quercetin (AmQu), a derivative of a natural flavonoid inspired by the structure of dopamine, is designed and subsequently used to modify the surface of thermally hydrocarbonized porous silicon (PSi) nanoparticles. This nanosystem inherits several advanced properties in a single carrier, including promoted anticancer efficiency, multiple drug resistance (MDR) reversing, stimuli-responsive drug release, drug release monitoring, and enhanced particle-cell interactions. The anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) is efficiently loaded into this nanosystem and released in a pH-dependent manner. AmQu also effectively quenches the fluorescence of the loaded DOX, thereby allowing the use of the nanosystem for monitoring the intracellular drug release. Furthermore, a synergistic effect with the presence of AmQu is observed in both normal MCF-7 and DOX-resistant MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Due to the similar structure as dopamine, AmQu may facilitate both the interaction and internalization of PSi into the cells. Overall, this PSi-based platform exhibits remarkable superiority in both multifunctionality and anticancer efficiency, making this nanovector a promising system for anti-MDR cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehua Liu
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology; Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Helsinki; FI-00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Vimalkumar Balasubramanian
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology; Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Helsinki; FI-00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Chinmay Bhat
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology; Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Helsinki; FI-00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Mikko Vahermo
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology; Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Helsinki; FI-00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Ermei Mäkilä
- Laboratory of Industrial Physics; Department of Physics; University of Turku; Turku FI-20014 Finland
| | - Marianna Kemell
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry; Department of Chemistry; University of Helsinki; FI-00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Flavia Fontana
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology; Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Helsinki; FI-00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Agne· Janoniene
- Department of Biothermodynamics and Drug Design; Institute of Biotechnology; Vilnius University; LT-10222 Vilnius Lithuania
| | - Vilma Petrikaite
- Department of Biothermodynamics and Drug Design; Institute of Biotechnology; Vilnius University; LT-10222 Vilnius Lithuania
- Department of Drug Chemistry; Faculty of Pharmacy; Lithuanian University of Health Sciences; LT-44307 Kaunas Lithuania
| | - Jarno Salonen
- Laboratory of Industrial Physics; Department of Physics; University of Turku; Turku FI-20014 Finland
| | - Jari Yli-Kauhaluoma
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology; Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Helsinki; FI-00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Jouni Hirvonen
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology; Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Helsinki; FI-00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology; Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Helsinki; FI-00014 Helsinki Finland
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge MA 02138 USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science; Åbo Akademi University; Turku 20520 Finland
| | - Hélder A. Santos
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology; Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Helsinki; FI-00014 Helsinki Finland
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Ali MR, Ali HR, Rankin CR, El-Sayed MA. Targeting heat shock protein 70 using gold nanorods enhances cancer cell apoptosis in low dose plasmonic photothermal therapy. Biomaterials 2016; 102:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Revised: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Kim CS, Kwon Y, Choe SY, Hong SM, Yoo H, Goto T, Kawada T, Choi HS, Joe Y, Chung HT, Yu R. Quercetin reduces obesity-induced hepatosteatosis by enhancing mitochondrial oxidative metabolism via heme oxygenase-1. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2015; 12:33. [PMID: 26445592 PMCID: PMC4595266 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-015-0030-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity-induced hepatic lipid accumulation causes lipotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and insulin resistance, and is implicated in non-alcoholic hepatic pathologies such as steatohepatitis and fibrosis. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), an important antioxidant enzyme catalyzing the rate-limiting step in heme degradation, protects against oxidative stress, inflammation, and metabolic dysregulation. Here, we demonstrate that the phytochemical, quercetin, a natural polyphenol flavonoid, protects against hepatic steatosis in obese mice fed a high-fat diet, and that it does so by inducing HO-1 and stimulating increased hepatic mitochondrial oxidative metabolism. METHODS Male C57BL/6 mice were fed a regular diet (RD), a high-fat diet (HFD), and an HFD supplemented with quercetin for 9 weeks. Levels of mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative metabolic transcripts/proteins were measured by real-time PCR and/or Western blotting. HO-1 transcripts/proteins were measured real-time PCR and/or Western blotting. RESULTS Quercetin upregulated genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative metabolism in lipid-laden hepatocytes and the livers of HFD-fed obese mice, and this was accompanied by increased levels of the transcription factor, nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2), and HO-1 protein. The HO-1 inducer hemin and the HO-1 byproduct carbon monoxide (CO) also enhanced hepatic oxidative metabolism in HFD-fed obese mice. Moreover, the metabolic changes and the lipid-lowering effects of quercetin were completely blocked by the HO-1 inhibitor ZnPP and by deficiency of Nrf-2. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that quercetin stimulates hepatic mitochondrial oxidative metabolism by inducing HO-1 via the Nrf-2 pathway. Quercetin may be useful in protecting against obesity-induced hepatosteatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu-Sook Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, 680-749 South Korea
| | - Yoonhee Kwon
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, 680-749 South Korea
| | - Suck-Young Choe
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, 680-749 South Korea
| | - Sun-Myung Hong
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, 680-749 South Korea
| | - Hoon Yoo
- Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, 501-759 South Korea
| | - Tsuyoshi Goto
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Teruo Kawada
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Hye-Seon Choi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, 680-749 South Korea
| | - Yeonsoo Joe
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, 680-749 South Korea
| | - Hun Taeg Chung
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, 680-749 South Korea
| | - Rina Yu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, 680-749 South Korea
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Abstract
Food-derived flavonoid quercetin, widely distributed in onions, apples, and tea, is able to inhibit growth of various cancer cells indicating that this compound can be considered as a good candidate for anticancer therapy. Although the exact mechanism of this action is not thoroughly understood, behaving as antioxidant and/or prooxidant as well as modulating different intracellular signalling cascades may all play a certain role. Such inhibitory activity of quercetin has been shown to depend first of all on cell lines and cancer types; however, no comprehensive site-specific analysis of this effect has been published. In this review article, cytotoxicity constants of quercetin measured in various human malignant cell lines of different origin were compiled from literature and a clear cancer selective action was demonstrated. The most sensitive malignant sites for quercetin revealed to be cancers of blood, brain, lung, uterine, and salivary gland as well as melanoma whereas cytotoxic activity was higher in more aggressive cells compared to the slowly growing cells showing that the most harmful cells for the organism are probably targeted. More research is needed to overcome the issues of poor water solubility and relatively low bioavailability of quercetin as the major obstacles limiting its clinical use.
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He B, Wang X, Shi HS, Xiao WJ, Zhang J, Mu B, Mao YQ, Wang W, Wang YS. Quercetin Liposome Sensitizes Colon Carcinoma to Thermotherapy and Thermochemotherapy in Mice Models. Integr Cancer Ther 2012; 12:264-70. [PMID: 22740083 DOI: 10.1177/1534735412446863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Thermotherapy and thermochemotherapy have been used in clinics to treat patients with malignant diseases, including colon cancer, and their efficacy has been well proved. Heat shock proteins (HSPs), especially Hsp70, play important roles in neutralizing their efficacy. It has been reported that quercetin can suppress cancer by inhibiting the intratumoral expression of Hsp70. This study was designed to investigate whether quercetin could enhance sensitivity to thermotherapy and thermochemotherapy. Soluble quercetin liposome was used in this study. The effects of quercetin were investigated in vitro and in mouse colon cancer models of subcutaneous tumor and peritoneal carcinomatosis. The results showed that quercetin liposome inhibited the upregulation of Hsp70 and enhanced apoptosis induced by hyperthermia and thermochemotherapy. Systemic administration of quercetin liposome can sensitize CT26 cells to thermotherapy and chemothermotherapy. This study suggests that quercetin liposome might be potentially applied for clinical cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing He
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua-shan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- Department of thoracic oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen-jing Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong-qiu Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong-sheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- Department of thoracic oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
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Gibellini L, Pinti M, Nasi M, De Biasi S, Roat E, Bertoncelli L, Cossarizza A. Interfering with ROS Metabolism in Cancer Cells: The Potential Role of Quercetin. Cancers (Basel) 2010; 2:1288-311. [PMID: 24281116 PMCID: PMC3835130 DOI: 10.3390/cancers2021288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2010] [Revised: 06/08/2010] [Accepted: 06/11/2010] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A main feature of cancer cells, when compared to normal ones, is a persistent pro-oxidative state that leads to an intrinsic oxidative stress. Cancer cells have higher levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) than normal cells, and ROS are, in turn, responsible for the maintenance of the cancer phenotype. Persistent ROS stress may induce adaptive stress responses, enabling cancer cells to survive with high levels of ROS and maintain cellular viability. However, excessive ROS levels render cancer cells highly susceptible to quercetin, one of the main dietary flavonoids. Quercetin depletes intracellular glutathione and increases intracellular ROS to a level that can cause cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Gibellini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy.
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