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Vatanparast F, Ghojoghi R, Kadkhodazadeh M, Nekooei F, Baesi K, Rastegari M, Jamali F, Farmani Z, Sarvari J, Hosseini SY. The investigation of the death-inducing potency of a recombinant Adenovector expressing Mda-7-tlyp-1 on different cancer cell lines. GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY FROM BED TO BENCH 2024; 17:45-56. [PMID: 38737929 PMCID: PMC11080692 DOI: 10.22037/ghfbb.v17i1.2779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Aim The potency of Adenovector expressing Mda7-tLyp1 (Ad-Mda7-tLyp1) for death induction was evaluated on the breast (MCF7), liver (HepG2), and gastric (MKN45) cancer cell lines. Background Mda-7 could be a possible complementary to traditional cancer therapy, and tethering to tumor-homing peptides (THPs) might improve its therapeutic efficacy. Methods After the preparation of recombinant Ad-Mda7-tLyp1 and Ad-Mda7, the expression of recombinant proteins was analyzed by ELISA. Adenovectors were transduced (MOI=2-5) into Hep-G2, MCF7, MKN45, and normal skin fibroblast, then tumor-killing effect was measured by cytopathic effect (CPE) monitoring, MTT viability test, BAX gene expression analysis, and Caspase3/7 assay. Results ELISA assay revealed a sustained level of recombinant protein secretion following Adenovector transduction. In CPE microscopy, all cancer cell lines showed a significant reduction (≥50%) in their normal phenotype after receiving Ad-Mda7-tLyp1 and Ad-Mda7. The viability was significantly lower compared to the control, indicating an anti-proliferating effect. In parallel, the viability test showed that Ad-Mda7 and Ad-Mda7-tLyp1 have a significant killing effect (≥50%) on MCF-7, Hep-G2, and MKN45 compared to normal fibroblast (P≤0.05). BAX gene expression analysis showed that both Ad-Mda7-tLyp1 and Ad-Mda7 vectors induced >2-fold increase of apoptosis (P<0.05), particularly in MCF7. Similarly, caspase3/7 activity showed a significant increase (P<0.05) following Ad-Mda7, and Ad-Mda7-tLyp1 transduction into cancer cell lines, but not in normal fibroblasts. Conclusion The newly constructed Ad-Mda-tlyp1 showed a suitable tumor cell killing activity and enough specificity on studied cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Vatanparast
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Rozita Ghojoghi
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Fatemeh Nekooei
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Kazem Baesi
- Department of Hepatitis and HIV, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahroo Rastegari
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Jamali
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Farmani
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Jamal Sarvari
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- GastroenteroHepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Younes Hosseini
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Zhang M, Zhao H, Gao H. Interleukin-24 Limits Tumor-Infiltrating T Helper 17 Cell Response in Patients with Hepatitis B Virus-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Viral Immunol 2022; 35:212-222. [PMID: 35099297 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2021.0174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Minqi Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Daqing People's Hospital, Daqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Haifeng Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Daqing People's Hospital, Daqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Honglei Gao
- Department of General Surgery, Daqing People's Hospital, Daqing, People's Republic of China
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3
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Insights into the Mechanisms of Action of MDA-7/IL-24: A Ubiquitous Cancer-Suppressing Protein. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010072. [PMID: 35008495 PMCID: PMC8744595 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma differentiation associated gene-7/interleukin-24 (MDA-7/IL-24), a secreted protein of the IL-10 family, was first identified more than two decades ago as a novel gene differentially expressed in terminally differentiating human metastatic melanoma cells. MDA-7/IL-24 functions as a potent tumor suppressor exerting a diverse array of functions including the inhibition of tumor growth, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis, and induction of potent "bystander" antitumor activity and synergy with conventional cancer therapeutics. MDA-7/IL-24 induces cancer-specific cell death through apoptosis or toxic autophagy, which was initially established in vitro and in preclinical animal models in vivo and later in a Phase I clinical trial in patients with advanced cancers. This review summarizes the history and our current understanding of the molecular/biological mechanisms of MDA-7/IL-24 action rendering it a potent cancer suppressor.
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Calinescu AA, Kauss MC, Sultan Z, Al-Holou WN, O'Shea SK. Stem cells for the treatment of glioblastoma: a 20-year perspective. CNS Oncol 2021; 10:CNS73. [PMID: 34006134 PMCID: PMC8162173 DOI: 10.2217/cns-2020-0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma, the deadliest form of primary brain tumor, remains a disease without cure. Treatment resistance is in large part attributed to limitations in the delivery and distribution of therapeutic agents. Over the last 20 years, numerous preclinical studies have demonstrated the feasibility and efficacy of stem cells as antiglioma agents, leading to the development of trials to test these therapies in the clinic. In this review we present and analyze these studies, discuss mechanisms underlying their beneficial effect and highlight experimental progress, limitations and the emergence of promising new therapeutic avenues. We hope to increase awareness of the advantages brought by stem cells for the treatment of glioblastoma and inspire further studies that will lead to accelerated implementation of effective therapies. Glioblastoma is the deadliest and most common form of brain tumor, for which there is no cure. It is very difficult to deliver medicine to the tumor cells, because they spread out widely into the normal brain, and local blood vessels represent a barrier that most medicines cannot cross. It was shown, in many studies over the last 20 years, that stem cells are attracted toward the tumor and that they can deliver many kinds of therapeutic agents directly to brain cancer cells and shrink the tumor. In this review we analyze these studies and present new discoveries that can be used to make stem cell therapies for glioblastoma more effective to prolong the life of patients with brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - McKenzie C Kauss
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.,College of Literature Science & Arts, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Zain Sultan
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.,College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Wajd N Al-Holou
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Sue K O'Shea
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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5
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Banerjee K, Núñez FJ, Haase S, McClellan BL, Faisal SM, Carney SV, Yu J, Alghamri MS, Asad AS, Candia AJN, Varela ML, Candolfi M, Lowenstein PR, Castro MG. Current Approaches for Glioma Gene Therapy and Virotherapy. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:621831. [PMID: 33790740 PMCID: PMC8006286 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.621831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor in the adult population and it carries a dismal prognosis. Inefficient drug delivery across the blood brain barrier (BBB), an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and development of drug resistance are key barriers to successful glioma treatment. Since gliomas occur through sequential acquisition of genetic alterations, gene therapy, which enables to modification of the genetic make-up of target cells, appears to be a promising approach to overcome the obstacles encountered by current therapeutic strategies. Gene therapy is a rapidly evolving field with the ultimate goal of achieving specific delivery of therapeutic molecules using either viral or non-viral delivery vehicles. Gene therapy can also be used to enhance immune responses to tumor antigens, reprogram the TME aiming at blocking glioma-mediated immunosuppression and normalize angiogenesis. Nano-particles-mediated gene therapy is currently being developed to overcome the BBB for glioma treatment. Another approach to enhance the anti-glioma efficacy is the implementation of viro-immunotherapy using oncolytic viruses, which are immunogenic. Oncolytic viruses kill tumor cells due to cancer cell-specific viral replication, and can also initiate an anti-tumor immunity. However, concerns still remain related to off target effects, and therapeutic and transduction efficiency. In this review, we describe the rationale and strategies as well as advantages and disadvantages of current gene therapy approaches against gliomas in clinical and preclinical studies. This includes different delivery systems comprising of viral, and non-viral delivery platforms along with suicide/prodrug, oncolytic, cytokine, and tumor suppressor-mediated gene therapy approaches. In addition, advances in glioma treatment through BBB-disruptive gene therapy and anti-EGFRvIII/VEGFR gene therapy are also discussed. Finally, we discuss the results of gene therapy-mediated human clinical trials for gliomas. In summary, we highlight the progress, prospects and remaining challenges of gene therapies aiming at broadening our understanding and highlighting the therapeutic arsenal for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaushik Banerjee
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Felipe J. Núñez
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Fundación Instituto Leloir, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Santiago Haase
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Brandon L. McClellan
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Immunology Graduate Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Syed M. Faisal
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Stephen V. Carney
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Jin Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Mahmoud S. Alghamri
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Antonela S. Asad
- Departamento de Biología e Histología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandro J. Nicola Candia
- Departamento de Biología e Histología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria Luisa Varela
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Marianela Candolfi
- Departamento de Biología e Histología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pedro R. Lowenstein
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Maria G. Castro
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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6
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Benmelouka AY, Munir M, Sayed A, Attia MS, Ali MM, Negida A, Alghamdi BS, Kamal MA, Barreto GE, Ashraf GM, Meshref M, Bahbah EI. Neural Stem Cell-Based Therapies and Glioblastoma Management: Current Evidence and Clinical Challenges. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2258. [PMID: 33668356 PMCID: PMC7956497 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Gliomas, which account for nearly a quarter of all primary CNS tumors, present significant contemporary therapeutic challenges, particularly the highest-grade variant (glioblastoma multiforme), which has an especially poor prognosis. These difficulties are due to the tumor's aggressiveness and the adverse effects of radio/chemotherapy on the brain. Stem cell therapy is an exciting area of research being explored for several medical issues. Neural stem cells, normally present in the subventricular zone and the hippocampus, preferentially migrate to tumor masses. Thus, they have two main advantages: They can minimize the side effects associated with systemic radio/chemotherapy while simultaneously maximizing drug delivery to the tumor site. Another feature of stem cell therapy is the variety of treatment approaches it allows. Stem cells can be genetically engineered into expressing a wide variety of immunomodulatory substances that can inhibit tumor growth. They can also be used as delivery vehicles for oncolytic viral vectors, which can then be used to combat the tumorous mass. An alternative approach would be to combine stem cells with prodrugs, which can subsequently convert them into the active form upon migration to the tumor mass. As with any therapeutic modality still in its infancy, much of the research regarding their use is primarily based upon knowledge gained from animal studies, and a number of ongoing clinical trials are currently investigating their effectiveness in humans. The aim of this review is to highlight the current state of stem cell therapy in the treatment of gliomas, exploring the different mechanistic approaches, clinical applicability, and the existing limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Malak Munir
- Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11591, Egypt; (M.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Ahmed Sayed
- Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11591, Egypt; (M.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Mohamed Salah Attia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;
| | - Mohamad M. Ali
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Damietta 34511, Egypt; (M.M.A.); (E.I.B.)
| | - Ahmed Negida
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 2UP, UK;
- Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Badrah S. Alghamdi
- Department of Physiology, Neuroscience Unit, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- Pre-Clinical Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; or
| | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- West China School of Nursing/Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, 7 Peterlee Place, Hebersham, NSW 2770, Australia
| | - George E. Barreto
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago 32310, Chile
| | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- Pre-Clinical Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; or
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Eshak I. Bahbah
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Damietta 34511, Egypt; (M.M.A.); (E.I.B.)
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7
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SUMO-fusion and autoinduction-based combinatorial approach for enhanced production of bioactive human interleukin-24 in Escherichia coli. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:9671-9682. [PMID: 33005978 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10921-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
High-level production of recombinant human interleukin-24 (IL-24), a multifunctional immunomodulatory cytokine, has been challenging due primarily to its aggregation as inclusion bodies in the bacterial host while persistent poor-expression in the insect/mammalian expression systems. The present study presents a robust, vector-host combination (pE-SUMO-IL24), auto-inducible medium (YNG/M9NG), and a simple purification scheme for soluble, bioactive, and cost-effective production of native-like IL-24 (nIL-24) in Escherichia coli. The final protein yield, following a three-step purification scheme (IMAC, SEC, dialysis), was 98 mg/L in shake-flask culture (with scale-up potential), which was several folds higher than reported earlier. In vitro cytotoxicity assays with HeLa and HCT116 cancer cell lines (performed using different concentrations of nIL-24) and the fluorescence activated cell sorting analysis (FACS) revealed a dose- and concentration-dependent increase in the population of pro-apoptotic cells with concomitant, statistically significant drop in the number of cells existent at Go/G1-, S-, and G2/M-phases (P < 0.002). The bioactive nIL-24, developed through this study, holds promise for use in further functional characterizations/applications. KEY POINTS: • Yeast SUMO fusion partner at N-terminus for improved solubility of an otherwise insoluble IL-24 in E. coli. • Enhanced cell densities with concomitant several-fold increase in protein yield by lactose-inducible media. • Improved inhibition of cervical and colorectal carcinomas by native-like nIL-24 compared with Met-containing IL. • Heterologous nIL-24 may enable better understanding of the functional intricacies linked up with its unique cancer-specific features. Graphical abstract.
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Rastegari M, Shiri A, Behzad-Behbahani A, Rasoolian M, Zare F, Rafiei G, Mortazavi M, Sharifzadeh S, Hosseini SY. The Evaluation of tLyP-1-Bound Mda-7/IL-24 Killing Activity on a Liver Tumor Cell Line. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2020; 36:827-836. [PMID: 32493109 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2019.3080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The melanoma differentiation-associated gene-7 (Mda-7)/interleukin-24 (IL-24) is a tumor killing cytokine, the bystander effect of which can be enhanced through tethering to tumor homing peptides (THPs). Materials and Methods: After fusing tLyP-1, RGR, and buforin as THPs to Mda-7/IL-24, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine the secretion potency of the recombinant proteins. The killing potency of plasmids expressing IL-24, IL-24.tLyP1, IL-24.RGR, and buf.IL-24 were assessed, using MTT, Annexin/PI staining assays as well as measuring the expression level of GADD-153 and BCL2-associated X (BAX) on Huh-7 cells. Three-dimensional structural analysis and protein-receptor interaction were also evaluated by modeling. Results: The ELISA result showed that contrary to IL-24.RGR and buf.IL-24, IL-24.tLyP-1 retained the secretion potency, similar to the native form. The viability assessments showed that IL-24 and IL-24.tLyP-1 had the most growth suppressive effects in comparison with the control group (p < 0.0001). Furthermore, IL-24 and IL-24.tLyP-1 had the highest apoptotic activity and significant upregulatory effect on the GADD-153 and BAX genes (p < 0.0003). The modeling showed that peptide modifications left no detrimental effect on IL-24 attachment to the cognate receptor. Conclusion: IL-24 can tolerate tLyP-1 peptide modification by retaining its secretion potency. Tethering tLyP-1 to IL-24 can induce more apoptosis than its modified versions by RGR or buforin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahroo Rastegari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Alireza Shiri
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Abbas Behzad-Behbahani
- Diagnostic Laboratory Sciences and Technology Research Center, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rasoolian
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Farahnaz Zare
- Diagnostic Laboratory Sciences and Technology Research Center, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Rafiei
- Diagnostic Laboratory Sciences and Technology Research Center, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Mortazavi
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran
| | - Sedigheh Sharifzadeh
- Diagnostic Laboratory Sciences and Technology Research Center, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Younes Hosseini
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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9
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Valiyari S, Salimi M, Bouzari S. Novel fusion protein NGR-sIL-24 for targetedly suppressing cancer cell growth via apoptosis. Cell Biol Toxicol 2020; 36:179-193. [PMID: 32239369 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-020-09519-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pro-apoptotic peptides have attracted much attention as promising anticancer agents due to their high activity. However, poor cellular uptake of the peptides is often associated with limited therapeutic application. Cell-penetrating homing peptides (CPHPs) were found to increase cell internalization as well as anticancer efficacy of the peptide conjugates. In this study, we developed a novel recombinant fusion protein composed of sIL-24 peptide as a pro-apoptotic moiety and asparagine-glycine-arginine (NGR) motif as a CD13-targeting CPHP component. In silico analysis demonstrated that flexible GGGGS linker provided the best structure and stability for our designed fusion protein. Cell adhesion experiments showed a significant binding affinity toward high CD13-expressing cells (U937 and A549) for NGR-sIL-24. Moreover, confocal microscopy revealed that NGR strongly facilitated the binding and cellular uptake of sIL-24 in U937 and A549 cancer cells. NGR-sIL-24 treatment markedly inhibited the growth of U937 and A549 cancer cells in a dose and time-dependent manner, without affecting the normal cell line MRC-5. Flow cytometric analysis and Hoechst 33342 staining exhibited potent apoptosis induction in U937 and A549 cells treated with NGR-sIL-24. Further mechanism elucidation uncovered that apoptotic death promoted by NGR-sIL-24 was attributed to upregulation of BiP/GRP78, Bax/Bcl-2, GADD34, cytochrome c release, and cleavage of caspase-3, suggesting NGR-sIL-24 penetration into cancerous cells and subsequent apoptosis induction, mainly through endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-dependent and mitochondria-dependent signaling pathways. Our results indicate that the designed recombinant fusion protein NGR-sIL-24 may serve as a potential targeted therapy agent for cancers with high expression of CD13.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Valiyari
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
- Legal Medicine Research Center, Legal Medicine Organization, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mona Salimi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeid Bouzari
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
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Tea MN, Poonnoose SI, Pitson SM. Targeting the Sphingolipid System as a Therapeutic Direction for Glioblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12010111. [PMID: 31906280 PMCID: PMC7017054 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12010111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most commonly diagnosed malignant brain tumor in adults. The prognosis for patients with GBM remains poor and largely unchanged over the last 30 years, due to the limitations of existing therapies. Thus, new therapeutic approaches are desperately required. Sphingolipids are highly enriched in the brain, forming the structural components of cell membranes, and are major lipid constituents of the myelin sheaths of nerve axons, as well as playing critical roles in cell signaling. Indeed, a number of sphingolipids elicit a variety of cellular responses involved in the development and progression of GBM. Here, we discuss the role of sphingolipids in the pathobiology of GBM, and how targeting sphingolipid metabolism has emerged as a promising approach for the treatment of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melinda N. Tea
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, UniSA CRI Building, North Tce, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia;
| | - Santosh I. Poonnoose
- Department of Neurosurgery, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia;
| | - Stuart M. Pitson
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, UniSA CRI Building, North Tce, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia;
- Adelaide Medical School and School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-8-8302-7832; Fax: +61-8-8302-9246
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11
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Yang F, Cui P, Lu Y, Zhang X. Requirement of the transcription factor YB-1 for maintaining the stemness of cancer stem cells and reverting differentiated cancer cells into cancer stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:233. [PMID: 31375149 PMCID: PMC6679460 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1360-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer stem cells always express high levels of stemness-associated transcription factors to maintain their features. However, the regulatory mechanism of the stemness of cancer stem cells mediated by transcription factors has not been extensively explored. METHODS The YB-1 gene in cancer stem cells was knocked out by the CRISPR/Cas9 system. The YB-1 knockout cancer stem cells were transfected with a vector expressing YB-1 to rescue YB-1, and then the cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, and stemness, as well as tumorigenesis in nude mice, were assessed to examine the effect of YB-1 in cancer stem cells. The target genes of YB-1 were confirmed by CHIP-seq. The totipotency or pluripotency of differentiated cancer stem cells were detected by tumorsphere formation assay and quantitative real-time PCR. RESULTS The deletion of YB-1 gene inhibited the proliferation of breast cancer stem cells and melanoma stem cells, leading to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and induced irreversible differentiation of cancer stem cells. The tumorigenicity ability of YB-1-deleted cancer stem cells was significantly reduced in vitro and in vivo. The results of ChIP-seq showed that YB-1 maintained the stemness of cancer stem cells by promoting the expressions of stemness-associated genes (FZD-1, p21, GLP-1, GINS1, and Notch2). Furthermore, simultaneous expressions of YB-1 and the other four (SOX2, POU3F2, OCT-4, and OLIG1) or five (SOX2, SALL2, OCT-4, POU3F2, and Bmi-1) transcription factors in YB-1 knockout cancer stem cells restored the stemness of YB-1 knockout cancer stem cells. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicated that YB-1 was required for maintaining the stemness of cancer stem cells and reverting the differentiated tumor cells into cancer stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- College of Life Sciences and Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Cui
- College of Life Sciences and Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Lu
- College of Life Sciences and Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobo Zhang
- College of Life Sciences and Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Emdad L, Bhoopathi P, Talukdar S, Pradhan AK, Sarkar D, Wang XY, Das SK, Fisher PB. Recent insights into apoptosis and toxic autophagy: The roles of MDA-7/IL-24, a multidimensional anti-cancer therapeutic. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 66:140-154. [PMID: 31356866 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis and autophagy play seminal roles in maintaining organ homeostasis. Apoptosis represents canonical type I programmed cell death. Autophagy is viewed as pro-survival, however, excessive autophagy can promote type II cell death. Defective regulation of these two obligatory cellular pathways is linked to various diseases, including cancer. Biologic or chemotherapeutic agents, which can reprogram cancer cells to undergo apoptosis- or toxic autophagy-mediated cell death, are considered effective tools for treating cancer. Melanoma differentiation associated gene-7 (mda-7) selectively promotes these effects in cancer cells. mda-7 was identified more than two decades ago by subtraction hybridization showing elevated expression during induction of terminal differentiation of metastatic melanoma cells following treatment with recombinant fibroblast interferon and mezerein (a PKC activating agent). MDA-7 was classified as a member of the IL-10 gene family based on its chromosomal location, and the presence of an IL-10 signature motif and a secretory sequence, and re-named interleukin-24 (MDA-7/IL-24). Multiple studies have established MDA-7/IL-24 as a potent anti-cancer agent, which when administered at supra-physiological levels induces growth arrest and cell death through apoptosis and toxic autophagy in a wide variety of tumor cell types, but not in corresponding normal/non-transformed cells. Furthermore, in a phase I/II clinical trial, MDA-7/IL-24 administered by means of a non-replicating adenovirus was well tolerated and displayed significant clinical activity in patients with multiple advanced cancers. This review examines our current comprehension of the role of MDA-7/IL-24 in mediating cancer-specific cell death via apoptosis and toxic autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luni Emdad
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA; VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA; VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA.
| | - Praveen Bhoopathi
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Sarmistha Talukdar
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Anjan K Pradhan
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Devanand Sarkar
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA; VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA; VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Xiang-Yang Wang
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA; VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA; VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Swadesh K Das
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA; VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA; VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Paul B Fisher
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA; VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA; VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA.
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13
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Abstract
Previous studies have shown that interleukin-24 (IL-24) has tumor-suppressing activity by multiple pathways. However, the immunogenicity moderation effect of IL-24 on malignant cells has not been explored extensively. In this study, we investigated the role of IL-24 in immunogenicity modulation of the myelogenous leukemia cells. Data show that myelogenous leukemia cells express low levels of immunogenicity molecules. Treatment with IL-24 could enhance leukemia cell immunogenicity, predominantly regulate leukemia cells to produce immune-associated cytokines, and improve the cytotoxic sensitivity of these cells to immune effector cells. IL-24 expression could retard transplanted leukemia cell tumor growth in vivo in athymic nude mice. Moreover, IL-24 had marked effects on downregulating the expression of angiogenesis-related proteins vascular endothelial growth factor, cluster of differentiation (CD) 31, CD34, collagen IV and metastasis-related factors CD147, membrane type-1 matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), and MMP-2 and MMP-9 in transplanted tumors. These findings indicated novel functions of this antitumor gene and characterized IL-24 as a promising agent for further clinical trial for hematologic malignancy immunotherapy.
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14
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Yang J, Yang J, Wei Y, Yin H, Fang L, Chai D, Li H, Li H, Zhang Q, Zheng J. Modification of IL-24 by tumor penetrating peptide iRGD enhanced its antitumor efficacy against non-small cell lung cancer. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 70:125-134. [PMID: 30798161 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-24 (IL-24) is known for its tumor suppressive activity and the selective induction of apoptosis of numerous human cancer cells, while demonstrating little harm to normal cells. However, poor tumor penetration remains a key problem for the efficacy of IL-24 as a treatment. The iRGD (CRGDK/RGPDC) is a novel tumor-specific peptide with unique tumor-penetrating and cell-internalizing properties. To enhance the tumor-penetrating effects of IL-24, the iRGD peptide was fused with the C-terminal domain of IL-24 to generate a novel recombinant protein, IL-24-iRGD. The aim of the present study was to investigate the antitumor effects of IL-24-iRGD in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells in vitro and in vivo. It was observed that IL-24-iRGD increased the production of IL-6, TNF-α and INF-γ from human peripheral blood monocyte (PBMC), and suppressed cell growth of A549 in vitro. Then A549 cells were subcutaneously injected into nude mice, and these tumor-bearing mice were immunized with IL-24, IL-24-iRGD or PBS via the tail vein. The IL-24 and IL-24-iRGD-treated groups exhibited tumor growth inhibition rates of 26.2% and 59.1%, respectively, when compared with the PBS-treated group. Protein penetration into tumors was analyzed by immunofluorescence, cell apoptosis was examined by TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling, and the expression of cleaved caspase-3 was analyzed by immuno-histochemical staining. The results demonstrated that IL-24-iRGD induced apoptosis and inhibited the growth of A549 cells to a significantly greater extent when compared with IL-24 treatment alone. It may provide an improved strategy for antitumor therapy and the clinical treatment of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China; Center of Radiotherapy of The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | - Yanhong Wei
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China; Center of Cancer of The Central Hospital of Yongzhou, Yongzhou 425000, China
| | - Hong Yin
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China; Center of Radiotherapy of The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | - Lin Fang
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | - Dafei Chai
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | - Huizhong Li
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | - Hailong Li
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China; Center of Clinical Oncology, affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China.
| | - Junnian Zheng
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China; Center of Clinical Oncology, affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China; Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China.
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15
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Rasoolian M, Kheirollahi M, Hosseini SY. MDA-7/interleukin 24 (IL-24) in tumor gene therapy: application of tumor penetrating/homing peptides for improvement of the effects. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2019; 19:211-223. [PMID: 30612497 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2019.1566453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION MDA-7/Interleukin-24 (IL-24), as a pleiotropic cytokine, exhibits a specific tumor suppression property that has attracted a great deal of attention. While its anti-tumor induction is mostly attributed to endogenous gene expression, attachment of secreted MDA-7/IL-24 to cognate receptors also triggers the death of cancerous cell via different pathways. Therefore, precise targeting of secreted MDA-7/IL-24 to tumor cells would render it more efficacy and specificity. AREAS COVERED In order to target soluble cytokines, particularly MDA-7/IL-24 to the neighbor tumor sites and enhance their therapeutic efficiency, fusing with cell penetrating peptides (CPPs) or Tumor homing peptides (THPs) seems logical due to the improvement of their bystander effects. Although the detailed anti-tumor mechanisms of endogenous mda-7/IL-24 have been largely investigated, the significance of the secreted form in these activities and methods of its improving by CPPs or THPs need more discussion. EXPERT OPINION While the employment of CPPs/THPs for the improvement of cytokine gene therapy is desirable, to create fusions of CPPs/THPs with MDA-7/IL-24, some hurdles are not avoidable. Regarding our expertise, herein, the importance of CPPs/THPs, needs for their elegant designing in a fusion structure, and their applications in cytokine gene therapy are discussed with a special focus on mda-7/IL-24.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Rasoolian
- a Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine , Isfahan University of Medical Sciences , Isfahan , Iran
| | - Majid Kheirollahi
- a Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine , Isfahan University of Medical Sciences , Isfahan , Iran.,b Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Pediatrics Inherited Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease School of Medicine , Isfahan University of Medical Sciences , Isfahan , Iran
| | - Seyed Younes Hosseini
- c Bacteriology and Virology Department, School of Medicine , Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz , Iran
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16
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Yang J, Yin H, Yang J, Wei Y, Fang L, Chai D, Zhang Q, Zheng J. Tumor-Penetrating Peptide Enhances Antitumor Effects of IL-24 Against Prostate Cancer. Transl Oncol 2018; 12:453-461. [PMID: 30580153 PMCID: PMC6302246 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The interleukin-24 (IL-24), a member of the IL-10-related cytokine gene family, is well known for its tumor suppressor activity in a broad spectrum of human tumors without damaging normal cells. However, poor tumor penetration remains a key problem for the efficacy of IL-24 as a treatment. iRGD is a novel tumor-specific peptide with unique tumor-penetrating and cell-internalizing properties. To enhance the tumor-penetrating and antitumor effects of IL-24, we engineered a recombinant protein consisting of the IL-24 fused to iRGD, which was named IL-24-iRGD. The aim of the present study was to investigate the antitumor effects of IL-24-iRGD in prostate cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. It was observed that IL-24-iRGD induced cell apoptosis, suppressed cell growth of PC-3 in vitro, and promoted protein penetration into tumors in vivo, whereas it had no effect on normal cell line RWPE-1. Then, PC-3 cells were subcutaneously injected into nude mice, and these tumor-bearing mice were administered with IL-24, IL-24-iRGD, or PBS via the tail vein. The IL-24- and IL-24-iRGD-treated groups exhibited tumor growth inhibition rates of 38.6% and 65.6%, respectively, when compared with the PBS-treated group. Besides, cell apoptosis was examined by TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling, and the expression of cleaved caspase-3 was analyzed by immunohistochemical staining. The results demonstrated that IL-24-iRGD induced apoptosis and inhibited the growth of PC-3 cells to a significantly greater extent when compared with IL-24 treatment alone. It may provide an improved strategy for antitumor therapy and the clinical treatment of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | - Hong Yin
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China; Center of Radiotherapy of The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China; Center of Radiotherapy of The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | - Yanhong Wei
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China; Center of Cancer of The Central Hospital of Yongzhou, Yongzhou 425000, China
| | - Lin Fang
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | - Dafei Chai
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China.
| | - Junnian Zheng
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China; Center of Radiotherapy of The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China; Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China; Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China.
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17
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Abstract
Subtraction hybridization identified genes displaying differential expression as metastatic human melanoma cells terminally differentiated and lost tumorigenic properties by treatment with recombinant fibroblast interferon and mezerein. This approach permitted cloning of multiple genes displaying enhanced expression when melanoma cells terminally differentiated, called melanoma differentiation associated (mda) genes. One mda gene, mda-7, has risen to the top of the list based on its relevance to cancer and now inflammation and other pathological states, which based on presence of a secretory sequence, chromosomal location, and an IL-10 signature motif has been named interleukin-24 (MDA-7/IL-24). Discovered in the early 1990s, MDA-7/IL-24 has proven to be a potent, near ubiquitous cancer suppressor gene capable of inducing cancer cell death through apoptosis and toxic autophagy in cancer cells in vitro and in preclinical animal models in vivo. In addition, MDA-7/IL-24 embodied profound anticancer activity in a Phase I/II clinical trial following direct injection with an adenovirus (Ad.mda-7; INGN-241) in tumors in patients with advanced cancers. In multiple independent studies, MDA-7/IL-24 has been implicated in many pathological states involving inflammation and may play a role in inflammatory bowel disease, psoriasis, cardiovascular disease, rheumatoid arthritis, tuberculosis, and viral infection. This review provides an up-to-date review on the multifunctional gene mda-7/IL-24, which may hold potential for the therapy of not only cancer, but also other pathological states.
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18
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Jamhiri I, Zahri S, Mehrabani D, Khodabandeh Z, Dianatpour M, Yaghobi R, Hosseini SY. Enhancing the apoptotic effect of IL-24/mda-7 on the human hepatic stellate cell through RGD peptide modification. Immunol Invest 2018; 47:335-350. [DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2018.1433202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Iman Jamhiri
- Department of Biology, Cell and Molecular Laboratory, Faculty of Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Saber Zahri
- Department of Biology, Cell and Molecular Laboratory, Faculty of Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Davood Mehrabani
- Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Khodabandeh
- Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Dianatpour
- Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ramin Yaghobi
- Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Younes Hosseini
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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19
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Emdad L, Das SK, Wang XY, Sarkar D, Fisher PB. Cancer terminator viruses (CTV): A better solution for viral-based therapy of cancer. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:5684-5695. [PMID: 29278667 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In principle, viral gene therapy holds significant potential for the therapy of solid cancers. However, this promise has not been fully realized and systemic administration of viruses has not proven as successful as envisioned in the clinical arena. Our research is focused on developing the next generation of efficacious viruses to specifically treat both primary cancers and a major cause of cancer lethality, metastatic tumors (that have spread from a primary site of origin to other areas in the body and are responsible for an estimated 90% of cancer deaths). We have generated a chimeric tropism-modified type 5 and 3 adenovirus that selectively replicates in cancer cells and simultaneously produces a secreted anti-cancer toxic cytokine, melanoma differentiation associated gene-7/Interleukin-24 (mda-7/IL-24), referred to as a Cancer Terminator Virus (CTV) (Ad.5/3-CTV). In preclinical animal models, injection into a primary tumor causes selective cell death and therapeutic activity is also observed in non-injected distant tumors, that is, "bystander anti-tumor activity." To enhance the impact and therapeutic utility of the CTV, we have pioneered an elegant approach in which viruses are encapsulated in microbubbles allowing "stealth delivery" to tumor cells that when treated with focused ultrasound causes viral release killing tumor cells through viral replication, and producing and secreting MDA-7/IL-24, which stimulates the immune system to attack distant cancers, inhibits tumor angiogenesis and directly promotes apoptosis in distant cancer cells. This strategy is called UTMD (ultrasound-targeted microbubble-destruction). This novel CTV and UTMD approach hold significant promise for the effective therapy of primary and disseminated tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luni Emdad
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine and VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Swadesh K Das
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine and VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Xiang-Yang Wang
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine and VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Devanand Sarkar
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine and VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Paul B Fisher
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine and VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
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20
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Li J, Li W, Huang K, Zhang Y, Kupfer G, Zhao Q. Chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) immunotherapy for solid tumors: lessons learned and strategies for moving forward. J Hematol Oncol 2018; 11:22. [PMID: 29433552 PMCID: PMC5809840 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-018-0568-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the first chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy for the treatment CD19-positive B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. While CAR-T has achieved remarkable success in the treatment of hematopoietic malignancies, whether it can benefit solid tumor patients to the same extent is still uncertain. Even though hundreds of clinical trials are undergoing exploring a variety of tumor-associated antigens (TAA), no such antigen with comparable properties like CD19 has yet been identified regarding solid tumors CAR-T immunotherapy. Inefficient T cell trafficking, immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, suboptimal antigen recognition specificity, and lack of safety control are currently considered as the main obstacles in solid tumor CAR-T therapy. Here, we reviewed the solid tumor CAR-T clinical trials, emphasizing the studies with published results. We further discussed the challenges that CAR-T is facing for solid tumor treatment and proposed potential strategies to improve the efficacy of CAR-T as promising immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- School of Medicine, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China
| | - Wenwen Li
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Kejia Huang
- Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610052, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610052, China
| | - Gary Kupfer
- Section of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Qi Zhao
- College of Pharmacy and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China.
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21
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Valiyari S, Salami M, Mahdian R, Shokrgozar MA, Oloomi M, Mohammadi Farsani A, Bouzari S. sIL-24 peptide, a human interleukin-24 isoform, induces mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in human cancer cells. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2017; 80:451-459. [DOI: 10.1007/s00280-017-3370-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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22
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Hosseini E, Hosseini SY, Hashempour T, Fattahi MR, Sadeghizadeh M. Effect of RGD coupled MDA-7/IL-24 on apoptosis induction in a hepatocellular carcinoma cell line. Mol Med Rep 2016; 15:495-501. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.6009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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23
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Abstract
Compared with traditional 2D adherent cell culture, 3D spheroidal cell aggregates, or spheroids, are regarded as more physiological, and this technique has been exploited in the field of oncology, stem cell biology, and tissue engineering. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) cultured in spheroids have enhanced anti-inflammatory, angiogenic, and tissue reparative/regenerative effects with improved cell survival after transplantation. Cytoskeletal reorganization and drastic changes in cell morphology in MSC spheroids indicate a major difference in mechanophysical properties compared with 2D culture. Enhanced multidifferentiation potential, upregulated expression of pluripotency marker genes, and delayed replicative senescence indicate enhanced stemness in MSC spheroids. Furthermore, spheroid formation causes drastic changes in the gene expression profile of MSC in microarray analyses. In spite of these significant changes, underlying molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways triggering and sustaining these changes are largely unknown.
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24
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Das SK, Menezes ME, Bhatia S, Wang XY, Emdad L, Sarkar D, Fisher PB. Gene Therapies for Cancer: Strategies, Challenges and Successes. J Cell Physiol 2015; 230:259-71. [PMID: 25196387 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapy, which involves replacement of a defective gene with a functional, healthy copy of that gene, is a potentially beneficial cancer treatment approach particularly over chemotherapy, which often lacks selectivity and can cause non-specific toxicity. Despite significant progress pre-clinically with respect to both enhanced targeting and expression in a tumor-selective manner several hurdles still prevent success in the clinic, including non-specific expression, low-efficiency delivery and biosafety. Various innovative genetic approaches are under development to reconstruct vectors/transgenes to make them safer and more effective. Utilizing cutting-edge delivery technologies, gene expression can now be targeted in a tissue- and organ-specific manner. With these advances, gene therapy is poised to become amenable for routine cancer therapy with potential to elevate this methodology as a first line therapy for neoplastic diseases. This review discusses recent advances in gene therapy and their impact on a pre-clinical and clinical level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swadesh K Das
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Mitchell E Menezes
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Shilpa Bhatia
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Xiang-Yang Wang
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Luni Emdad
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Devanand Sarkar
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Paul B Fisher
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.,VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
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Ma Q, Deng X, Jin B, Zhang Y, Luo D, Song H, Wang P, Zhang C, Li X, Shi Y, Liu Y, Chen Z, Wang Z, Jiang H. A novel human interleukin-24 peptide created by computer-guided design contributes to suppression of proliferation in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma Eca-109 cells. Oncol Rep 2014; 33:193-200. [PMID: 25371158 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on the three-dimensional modeling structure of human interleukin-24 (hIL-24) and its most likely active position predicted by solvent accessibility and apparent electrostatic properties, a novel hIL-24 peptide M1 was created by computer-guided molecular design. The cytotoxicity and cell selectivity of M1 were examined in three human carcinoma cell lines and one normal human embryo lung fibroblast cell line (HEL). MTT assay showed that M1 induced growth arrest in two IL-20 receptor complex-positive cancer cell lines (the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell line Eca-109 and the melanoma cell line A375), and antibodies against IL-24 or IL-20 receptor complexes significantly neutralized the inhibitory activity. Moreover, M1 had almost no cytotoxicity on the lung cancer A549 cell line, which lacks a full complement of the IL-20 receptor complexes, or on HEL cells that express the IL-20 receptor complexes. These findings demonstrate that M1 could act as an excellent candidate for the induction of growth arrest on receptor complex-positive cancer cells. In summary, the M1 peptide may represent a novel anticancer agent for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma therapy due to its cancer cell selectivity and its relatively low cytotoxicity to normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qunfeng Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Fengtai, Beijing 100071, P.R. China
| | - Xuefeng Deng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Fengtai, Beijing 100071, P.R. China
| | - Bangming Jin
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Haidian, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
| | - Yao Zhang
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Haidian, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
| | - Dan Luo
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Haidian, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
| | - Heyu Song
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Haidian, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
| | - Pengkun Wang
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Haidian, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
| | - Chi Zhang
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Haidian, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
| | - Xue Li
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Haidian, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
| | - Yinan Shi
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Haidian, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
| | - Yan Liu
- College of Life Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, P.R. China
| | - Zhinan Chen
- Cell Engineering Research Center, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xicheng, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Ziling Wang
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Haidian, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
| | - Hong Jiang
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Haidian, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
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Sandey M, Bird RC, Das SK, Sarkar D, Curiel DT, Fisher PB, Smith BF. Characterization of the canine mda-7 gene, transcripts and expression patterns. Gene 2014; 547:23-33. [PMID: 24865935 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.05.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Revised: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Human melanoma differentiation associated gene-7/interleukin-24 (mda-7/IL-24) displays potent growth suppressing and cell killing activity against a wide variety of human and rodent cancer cells. In this study, we identified a canine ortholog of the human mda-7/IL-24 gene located within a cluster of IL-10 family members on chromosome 7. The full-length mRNA sequence of canine mda-7 was determined, which encodes a 186-amino acid protein that has 66% similarity to human MDA-7/IL-24. Canine MDA-7 is constitutively expressed in cultured normal canine epidermal keratinocytes (NCEKs), and its expression levels are increased after lipopolysaccharide stimulation. In cultured NCEKs, the canine mda-7 pre-mRNA is differentially spliced, via exon skipping and alternate 5'-splice donor sites, to yield five splice variants (canine mda-7sv1, canine mda-7sv2, canine mda-7sv3, canine mda-7sv4 and canine mda-7sv5) that encode four protein isoforms of the canine MDA-7 protein. These protein isoforms have a conserved N-terminus (signal peptide sequence) and are dissimilar in amino acid sequences at their C-terminus. Canine MDA-7 is not expressed in primary canine tumor samples, and most tumor derived cancer cell lines tested, like its human counterpart. Unlike human MDA-7/IL-24, canine mda-7 mRNA is not expressed in unstimulated or lipopolysaccharide (LPS), concanavalin A (ConA) or phytohemagglutinin (PHA) stimulated canine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Furthermore, in-silico analysis revealed that canonical canine MDA-7 has a potential 28 amino acid signal peptide sequence that can target it for active secretion. This data suggests that canine mda-7 is indeed an ortholog of human mda-7/IL-24, its protein product has high amino acid similarity to human MDA-7/IL-24 protein and it may possess similar biological properties to human MDA-7/IL-24, but its expression pattern is more restricted than its human ortholog.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maninder Sandey
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, AL, USA
| | - R Curtis Bird
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, AL, USA
| | - Swadesh K Das
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Devanand Sarkar
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - David T Curiel
- Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Paul B Fisher
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Bruce F Smith
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, AL, USA; Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, AL, USA.
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Wang L, Feng Z, Wu H, Zhang S, Pu Y, Bian H, Wang Y, Guo C. Melanoma differentiation-associated gene-7/interleukin-24 as a potential prognostic biomarker and second primary malignancy indicator in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:10977-85. [PMID: 25091574 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2392-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The significance of melanoma differentiation-associated gene-7/interleukin-24 (MDA-7/IL-24) expression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains unclear. This study was designed to investigate and evaluate the clinical significance of MDA-7/IL-24 expression in HNSCC by detecting expression by immunostaining in 131 HNSCC specimens. The function of MDA-7/IL-24 was investigated by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blot in Ad5.mda-7-infected HNSCC cell lines. Our results showed that MDA-7/IL-24 was mainly expressed in the cytoplasm of HNSCC cells. MDA-7/IL-24 high patients presented with a favorable postoperative prognosis compared with MDA-7/IL-24 low patients, and high expression of MDA-7/IL-24 was significantly correlated with a lower incidence of second primary malignancies (SPMs) in the head and neck regions. In vitro assays showed that high expression of MDA-7/IL-24 could upregulate the expression of the epithelial terminal differentiation markers cytokeratin (KRT) 1, KRT4, KRT13, phosphorylated endoplasmic reticulum stress protein (p)-EIF2a, and the apoptosis-related protein cleaved caspase-3. It also downregulated the epithelial proliferative markers KRT5, KRT14, Integrin β4, and anti-apoptosis protein Bcl-2, which might be partially involved in the underlying mechanisms of Ad.mda-7-mediated HNSCC differentiation and apoptosis. Our results indicate that MDA-7/IL-24 can be a prognostic biomarker and an indicator of second primary malignancies (SPM) in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
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Castro MG, Candolfi M, Wilson TJ, Calinescu A, Paran C, Kamran N, Koschmann C, Moreno-Ayala MA, Assi H, Lowenstein PR. Adenoviral vector-mediated gene therapy for gliomas: coming of age. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2014; 14:1241-57. [PMID: 24773178 DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2014.915307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common primary brain tumor in adults and it carries a dismal prognosis. Adenoviral vector (Ad)-mediated gene transfer is being developed as a promising therapeutic strategy for GBM. Preclinical studies have demonstrated safety and efficacy of adenovirus administration into the brain and tumor mass in rodents and into the non-human primates' brain. Importantly, Ads have been safely administered within the tumor resection cavity in humans. AREAS COVERED This review gives background on GBM and Ads; we describe gene therapy strategies for GBM and discuss the value of combination approaches. Finally, we discuss the results of the human clinical trials for GBM that have used Ads. EXPERT OPINION The transduction characteristics of Ads, and their safety profile, added to their capacity to achieve high levels of transgene expression have made them powerful vectors for the treatment of GBM. Recent gene therapy successes in the treatment of retinal diseases and systemic brain metabolic diseases encourage the development of gene therapy for malignant glioma. Exciting clinical trials are currently recruiting patients; although, it is the large randomized Phase III controlled clinical trials that will provide the final decision on the success of gene therapy for the treatment of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria G Castro
- University of Michigan Medical School, Department of Neurosurgery , 4570 MSRB II, 1150 West Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5689 , USA +734 764 0850 ; +734 764 7051 ;
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29
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Castro MG, Candolfi M, Wilson TJ, Calinescu A, Paran C, Kamran N, Koschmann C, Moreno-Ayala MA, Assi H, Lowenstein PR. Adenoviral vector-mediated gene therapy for gliomas: coming of age. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2014. [PMID: 24773178 DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2014.91530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common primary brain tumor in adults and it carries a dismal prognosis. Adenoviral vector (Ad)-mediated gene transfer is being developed as a promising therapeutic strategy for GBM. Preclinical studies have demonstrated safety and efficacy of adenovirus administration into the brain and tumor mass in rodents and into the non-human primates' brain. Importantly, Ads have been safely administered within the tumor resection cavity in humans. AREAS COVERED This review gives background on GBM and Ads; we describe gene therapy strategies for GBM and discuss the value of combination approaches. Finally, we discuss the results of the human clinical trials for GBM that have used Ads. EXPERT OPINION The transduction characteristics of Ads, and their safety profile, added to their capacity to achieve high levels of transgene expression have made them powerful vectors for the treatment of GBM. Recent gene therapy successes in the treatment of retinal diseases and systemic brain metabolic diseases encourage the development of gene therapy for malignant glioma. Exciting clinical trials are currently recruiting patients; although, it is the large randomized Phase III controlled clinical trials that will provide the final decision on the success of gene therapy for the treatment of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria G Castro
- University of Michigan Medical School, Department of Neurosurgery , 4570 MSRB II, 1150 West Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5689 , USA +734 764 0850 ; +734 764 7051 ;
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30
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Ma G, Kawamura K, Shan Y, Okamoto S, Li Q, Namba M, Shingyoji M, Tada Y, Tatsumi K, Hiroshima K, Shimada H, Tagawa M. Combination of adenoviruses expressing melanoma differentiation-associated gene-7 and chemotherapeutic agents produces enhanced cytotoxicity on esophageal carcinoma. Cancer Gene Ther 2014; 21:31-7. [PMID: 24434574 DOI: 10.1038/cgt.2013.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 11/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We examined the combinatory antitumor effects of adenoviruses expressing human mda-7/IL-24 gene (Ad-mda-7) and chemotherapeutic agents on nine kinds of human esophageal carcinoma cells. All the carcinoma cells expressed the melanoma differentiation-associated gene-7/interleukin-24 (MDA-7/IL-24) receptor complexes, IL-20R2 and either IL-20R1 or IL-22R1, and were susceptible to Ad-mda-7, whereas fibroblasts were positive only for IL-20R2 gene and resistant to Ad-mda-7-mediated cytotoxicity. Sensitivity of these esophageal carcinoma cells to Ad-mda-7 was however lower than that to Ad expressing the wild-type p53 gene. We thereby investigated a possible combination of Ad-mda-7 and anticancer agents and found that Ad-mda-7 with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), cisplatin, mitomycin C or etoposide produced greater cytotoxic effects than those by Ad-mda-7 or the agent alone. Half-maximal inhibitory concentration values of the agents in respective cells were decreased by the combination with Ad-mda-7. Cell cycle analyses showed that Ad-mda-7 and 5-FU increased G2/M-phase and S-phase populations, respectively, and the combination augmented sub-G1 populations. Ad-mda-7-treated cells showed cleavages of caspase-8, -9 and -3 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase, but the cleavage levels were not different from those of the combination-treated cells. Ad-mda-7 treatments upregulated Akt phosphorylation but suppressed IκB-α levels, whereas 5-FU treatments induced phosphorylation of p53 and extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 and 2. Molecular changes caused by the combination were similar to those by Ad-mda-7 treatments, but the Ad-mda-7-mediated upregulation of Akt phosphorylation decreased with the combination. These data collectively suggest that Ad-mda-7 induced apoptosis despite Akt activation and that the combinatory antitumor effects with 5-FU were produced partly by downregulating the Ad-mda-7-induced Akt activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Ma
- 1] Division of Pathology and Cell Therapy, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chiba, Japan [2] Department of Hematology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - K Kawamura
- Division of Pathology and Cell Therapy, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chiba, Japan
| | - Y Shan
- 1] Division of Pathology and Cell Therapy, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chiba, Japan [2] Department of Molecular Biology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - S Okamoto
- 1] Division of Pathology and Cell Therapy, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chiba, Japan [2] Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Q Li
- 1] Division of Pathology and Cell Therapy, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chiba, Japan [2] Department of Molecular Biology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - M Shingyoji
- Department of Thoracic Diseases, Chiba Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Y Tada
- Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - K Tatsumi
- Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - K Hiroshima
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Women's Medical University Yachiyo Medical Center, Yachiyo, Japan
| | - H Shimada
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Tagawa
- 1] Division of Pathology and Cell Therapy, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chiba, Japan [2] Department of Molecular Biology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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Overexpression of MDA-7/IL-24 as an anticancer cytokine in gene therapy of thyroid carcinoma. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HYPOTHESES AND IDEAS 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmhi.2013.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Zhang Z, Kawamura K, Jiang Y, Shingyoji M, Ma G, Li Q, Hu J, Qi Y, Liu H, Zhang F, Kang S, Shan B, Wang S, Chada S, Tagawa M. Heat-shock protein 90 inhibitors synergistically enhance melanoma differentiation-associated gene-7-mediated cell killing of human pancreatic carcinoma. Cancer Gene Ther 2013; 20:663-70. [PMID: 24263157 DOI: 10.1038/cgt.2013.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the intractable diseases and an effective therapeutic strategy is required to improve the prognosis. We examined possible antitumor effects of adenoviruses expressing melanoma differentiation-associated gene-7/interleukin-24 (Ad-mda-7) and a heat-shock protein 90 (Hsp90) inhibitor to human pancreatic carcinoma cells. Ad-mda-7 and an Hsp90 inhibitor, geldanamycin (GA), produced cytotoxic effects, and a combinatory use of Ad-mda-7 and GA further achieved synergistic effects. Administration of N-acetyl-L-cysteine, an inhibitor of reactive oxygen species, eliminated Ad-mda-7- and GA-mediated cytotoxicity. Ad-mda-7 augmented phosphorylated AKT levels but GA did not influence the phosphorylation. GA-treated cells showed cleavage of poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase but not caspase-3, and upregulated Hsp70 and LC3A/B II levels, whereas Ad-mda-7-treated cells did not. GA treatments augmented ubiquitination and markedly increased melanoma differentiation-associated gene-7 (MDA-7) expression levels. These findings suggest that Ad-mda-7-mediated cytotoxicity is dependent on reactive oxygen species but independent of apoptosis or autophagy, and that GA-mediated cytotoxicity was linked with caspase-independent apoptosis and/or autophagy. A mechanism underlying the combinatory effects of Ad-mda-7 and GA remained complex and the synergism is attributable to multiple factors including increased MDA-7 protein stability by GA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Zhang
- 1] Division of Pathology and Cell Therapy, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan [2] Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - K Kawamura
- Division of Pathology and Cell Therapy, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Y Jiang
- 1] Division of Pathology and Cell Therapy, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan [2] Department of Molecular Biology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - M Shingyoji
- Department of Thoracic Diseases, Chiba Cancer Center, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - G Ma
- 1] Division of Pathology and Cell Therapy, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan [2] Department of Hematology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Q Li
- 1] Division of Pathology and Cell Therapy, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan [2] Department of Molecular Biology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan [3] Department of Immunology, Basic Medical College, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China [4] Cell Therapy Center, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - J Hu
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medical College, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Y Qi
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - H Liu
- Division of Pathology and Cell Therapy, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - F Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - S Kang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - B Shan
- Research Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - S Wang
- Department of Endoscopy, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - S Chada
- SVP Translational Medicine, Intrexon Corporation, Germantown, MD, USA
| | - M Tagawa
- 1] Division of Pathology and Cell Therapy, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan [2] Department of Molecular Biology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
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Hedvat M, Emdad L, Das SK, Kim K, Dasgupta S, Thomas S, Hu B, Zhu S, Dash R, Quinn BA, Oyesanya RA, Kegelman TP, Sokhi UK, Sarkar S, Erdogan E, Menezes ME, Bhoopathi P, Wang XY, Pomper MG, Wei J, Wu B, Stebbins JL, Diaz PW, Reed JC, Pellecchia M, Sarkar D, Fisher PB. Selected approaches for rational drug design and high throughput screening to identify anti-cancer molecules. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2013; 12:1143-55. [PMID: 22931411 DOI: 10.2174/187152012803529709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2012] [Revised: 07/02/2012] [Accepted: 07/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Structure-based modeling combined with rational drug design, and high throughput screening approaches offer significant potential for identifying and developing lead compounds with therapeutic potential. The present review focuses on these two approaches using explicit examples based on specific derivatives of Gossypol generated through rational design and applications of a cancer-specificpromoter derived from Progression Elevated Gene-3. The Gossypol derivative Sabutoclax (BI-97C1) displays potent anti-tumor activity against a diverse spectrum of human tumors. The model of the docked structure of Gossypol bound to Bcl-XL provided a virtual structure-activity-relationship where appropriate modifications were predicted on a rational basis. These structure-based studies led to the isolation of Sabutoclax, an optically pure isomer of Apogossypol displaying superior efficacy and reduced toxicity. These studies illustrate the power of combining structure-based modeling with rational design to predict appropriate derivatives of lead compounds to be empirically tested and evaluated for bioactivity. Another approach to cancer drug discovery utilizes a cancer-specific promoter as readouts of the transformed state. The promoter region of Progression Elevated Gene-3 is such a promoter with cancer-specific activity. The specificity of this promoter has been exploited as a means of constructing cancer terminator viruses that selectively kill cancer cells and as a systemic imaging modality that specifically visualizes in vivo cancer growth with no background from normal tissues. Screening of small molecule inhibitors that suppress the Progression Elevated Gene-3-promoter may provide relevant lead compounds for cancer therapy that can be combined with further structure-based approaches leading to the development of novel compounds for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hedvat
- Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
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Hamed HA, Yacoub A, Park MA, Archer K, Das SK, Sarkar D, Grant S, Fisher PB, Dent P. Histone deacetylase inhibitors interact with melanoma differentiation associated-7/interleukin-24 to kill primary human glioblastoma cells. Mol Pharmacol 2013; 84:171-81. [PMID: 23661648 DOI: 10.1124/mol.113.086553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We presently demonstrate that histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs) enhance toxicity of melanoma differentiation-associated gene-7/interleukin 24 (mda-7/IL-24) in invasive primary human glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cells. Additionally, a method is described to augment the efficacy of adenoviral delivery of mda-7/IL-24 in these cells. HDACIs synergized with melanoma differentiation-associated (MDA)-7/IL-24 killing GBM cells. Enhanced lethality correlated with increased autophagy that was dependent on the expression of ceramide synthase 6. HDACIs interacted with MDA-7/IL-24 prolonging generation of reactive oxygen species and Ca(2+). Quenching of reactive oxygen species and Ca(2+) blocked HDACI and MDA-7/IL-24 killing. In vivo MDA-7/IL-24 prolonged the survival of animals carrying orthotopic tumors, and HDACIs enhanced survival further. A serotype 5/3 adenovirus more effectively delivers mda-7/IL-24 to GBM tumors than a serotype 5 virus. Hence, we constructed a serotype 5/3 adenovirus that conditionally replicates in tumor cells expressing MDA-7/IL-24, in which the adenoviral early region 1A (E1A) gene was driven by the cancer-specific promoter progression elevated gene-3 [Ad.5/3 (INGN 241)-PEG-E1A-mda-7; also called Ad.5/3-CTV (cancer terminator virus)]. Ad.5/3-CTV increased the survival of mice carrying GBM tumors to a significantly greater extent than did a nonreplicative virus Ad.5/3-mda-7. Ad.5/3-CTV exhibited no toxicity in the brains of Syrian hamsters. Collectively our data demonstrate that HDACIs enhance MDA-7/IL-24 lethality, and adenoviral delivery of mda-7/IL-24 combined with tumor-specific viral replication is an effective preclinical GBM therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein A Hamed
- Department of Neurosurgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
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35
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Current status of gene therapy for brain tumors. Transl Res 2013; 161:339-54. [PMID: 23246627 PMCID: PMC3733107 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2012.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2012] [Revised: 11/14/2012] [Accepted: 11/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and deadliest primary brain tumor in adults, with current treatments having limited impact on disease progression. Therefore the development of alternative treatment options is greatly needed. Gene therapy is a treatment strategy that relies on the delivery of genetic material, usually transgenes or viruses, into cells for therapeutic purposes, and has been applied to GBM with increasing promise. We have included selectively replication-competent oncolytic viruses within this strategy, although the virus acts directly as a complex biologic anti-tumor agent rather than as a classic gene delivery vehicle. GBM is a good candidate for gene therapy because tumors remain locally within the brain and only rarely metastasize to other tissues; the majority of cells in the brain are post-mitotic, which allows for specific targeting of dividing tumor cells; and tumors can often be accessed neurosurgically for administration of therapy. Delivery vehicles used for brain tumors include nonreplicating viral vectors, normal adult stem/progenitor cells, and oncolytic viruses. The therapeutic transgenes or viruses are typically cytotoxic or express prodrug activating suicide genes to kill glioma cells, immunostimulatory to induce or amplify anti-tumor immune responses, and/or modify the tumor microenvironment such as blocking angiogenesis. This review describes current preclinical and clinical gene therapy strategies for the treatment of glioma.
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Cruickshanks N, Tang Y, Booth L, Hamed H, Grant S, Dent P. Lapatinib and obatoclax kill breast cancer cells through reactive oxygen species-dependent endoplasmic reticulum stress. Mol Pharmacol 2012; 82:1217-29. [PMID: 22989520 DOI: 10.1124/mol.112.081539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies showed that lapatinib and obatoclax interact in a greater-than-additive fashion to cause cell death and do so through a toxic form of autophagy. The present studies sought to extend our analyses. Lapatinib and obatoclax killed multiple tumor cell types, and cells lacking phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) function were relatively resistant to drug combination lethality; expression of PTEN in PTEN-null breast cancer cells restored drug sensitivity. Coadministration of lapatinib with obatoclax elicited autophagic cell death that was attributable to the actions of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species. Wild-type cells but not mitochondria-deficient rho-zero cells were radiosensitized by lapatinib and obatoclax treatment. Activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase 1/2 (JNK1/2) by the drug combination was enhanced by radiation, and signaling by p38 MAPK and JNK1/2 promoted cell killing. In immunohistochemical analyses, the autophagosome protein p62 was determined to be associated with protein kinase-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) and inositol-requiring enzyme 1, as well as with binding immunoglobulin protein/78-kDa glucose-regulated protein, in drug combination-treated cells. Knockdown of PERK suppressed drug-induced autophagy and protected tumor cells from the drug combination. Knockdown of PERK suppressed the reduction in Mcl-1 expression after drug combination exposure, and overexpression of Mcl-1 protected cells. Our data indicate that mitochondrial function plays an essential role in cell killing by lapatinib and obatoclax, as well as radiosensitization by this drug combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nichola Cruickshanks
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicne, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0035, USA
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A first-generation multi-functional cytokine for simultaneous optical tracking and tumor therapy. PLoS One 2012; 7:e40234. [PMID: 22808125 PMCID: PMC3394792 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2012] [Accepted: 06/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Creating new molecules that simultaneously enhance tumor cell killing and permit diagnostic tracking is vital to overcoming the limitations rendering current therapeutic regimens for terminal cancers ineffective. Accordingly, we investigated the efficacy of an innovative new multi-functional targeted anti-cancer molecule, SM7L, using models of the lethal brain tumor Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Designed using predictive computer modeling, SM7L incorporates the therapeutic activity of the promising anti-tumor cytokine MDA-7/IL-24, an enhanced secretory domain, and diagnostic domain for non-invasive tracking. In vitro assays revealed the diagnostic domain of SM7L produced robust photon emission, while the therapeutic domain showed marked anti-tumor efficacy and significant modulation of p38MAPK and ERK pathways. In vivo, the unique multi-functional nature of SM7L allowed simultaneous real-time monitoring of both SM7L delivery and anti-tumor efficacy. Utilizing engineered stem cells as novel delivery vehicles for SM7L therapy (SC-SM7L), we demonstrate that SC-SM7L significantly improved pharmacokinetics and attenuated progression of established peripheral and intracranial human GBM xenografts. Furthermore, SC-SM7L anti-tumor efficacy was augmented in vitro and in vivo by concurrent activation of caspase-mediated apoptosis induced by adjuvant SC-mediated S-TRAIL delivery. Collectively, these studies define a promising new approach to treating highly aggressive cancers, including GBM, using the optimized therapeutic molecule SM7L.
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Zhu W, Wei L, Zhang H, Chen J, Qin X. Oncolytic adenovirus armed with IL-24 inhibits the growth of breast cancer in vitro and in vivo. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2012; 31:51. [PMID: 22640485 PMCID: PMC3511263 DOI: 10.1186/1756-9966-31-51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2012] [Accepted: 04/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Interleukin-24 (IL-24) is a cytokine that belongs to the IL-10 family. It can selectively induce cancer cell apoptosis which has been utilized as a cancer gene therapy strategy. Methods A recombinant type five adenovirus containing IL-24 gene (designated CNHK600-IL24) was constructed, whose replication is activated only in tumor cells. The replication of CNHK600-IL24 in breast tumor cells and fibroblasts were assessed by TCID50 and MTT assay; the secretion of IL-24 was measured by ELISA and western blotting. The in vivo anti-tumor effect of CNHK600-IL24 was investigated in nude mice carrying orthotopic or metastatic breast tumor. Results We observed that CNHK600-IL24 could replicate efficiently and resulted in high level IL-24 expression and massive cell death in human breast cancer cell MDA-MB-231 but not in normal fibroblast cell MRC-5. In addition, orthotopic breast tumor growth in the nude mice model was significantly suppressed when CNHK600-IL24 was administered. In the metastatic model generated by tail vein injection, CNHK600-IL24 virotherapy significantly improved survival compared with the same virus expressing EGFP (median survival CNHK600-IL24, 55 days vs. CNHK600-EGFP, 41 day, p < 0.05 Mantal-Cox test). A similar phenomenon was observed in the metastatic model achieved by left ventricular injection as suggested by in vivo luminescence imaging of tumor growth. Conclusion The oncolytic adenovirus armed with IL-24, which exhibited enhanced anti-tumor activity and improved survival, is a promising candidate for virotherapy of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Chai L, Liu S, Mao Q, Wang D, Li X, Zheng X, Xia H. A novel conditionally replicating adenoviral vector with dual expression of IL-24 and arresten inserted in E1 and the region between E4 and fiber for improved melanoma therapy. Cancer Gene Ther 2011; 19:247-54. [DOI: 10.1038/cgt.2011.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Zolochevska O, Yu G, Gimble JM, Figueiredo ML. Pigment epithelial-derived factor and melanoma differentiation associated gene-7 cytokine gene therapies delivered by adipose-derived stromal/mesenchymal stem cells are effective in reducing prostate cancer cell growth. Stem Cells Dev 2011; 21:1112-23. [PMID: 21671747 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2011.0247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived stromal/mesenchymal stem cells (ASC) have gained interest as promising tools for delivering cancer therapy. Adipose tissue can be obtained readily in amounts sufficient for ASC isolation, which can be expanded rapidly, allowing its use at low passage numbers, and can be transduced by viral and nonviral means. Our goal was to examine the potential of ASC to deliver cytokine gene therapies melanoma differentiation associated gene-7 (MDA-7) or pigment epithelial-derived factor (PEDF) to cancer cells. These novel cytokines are a potent proapoptotic and an antiangiogenesis mediator, respectively, with potential as antitumor agents. Expression of cytokine therapies did not adversely affect ASC biology, and these cells were still able to differentiate and retain normal viability. The ASC cytokine therapies were efficient in reducing tumor cell growth in coculture and also in suppressing in vitro angiogenesis phenotypes. We also observed that ASC retained their innate ability to migrate toward tumor cells in coculture, and this ability could be blocked by inhibition of CXCR4 signaling. The ASC were found to be nontumorigenic in vitro using a soft agar assay, as well as in vivo, utilizing 2 prostate cancer xenograft models. The ASC-MDA7 only reduced tumor growth in the TRAMP-C2-Ras (TC2Ras) prostate cancer model. The ASC-PEDF, however, reduced growth in both the TC2Ras and the PC3 highly aggressive prostate cancer models, and it was able to completely prevent prostate tumor establishment in vivo. In conclusion, ASC expressing PEDF and MDA7 could effectively reduce prostate tumor growth in vivo, suggesting ASC-cytokine therapies might have translational applications, especially the PEDF modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Zolochevska
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
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Dash R, Bhutia SK, Azab B, Su ZZ, Quinn BA, Kegelmen TP, Das SK, Kim K, Lee SG, Park MA, Yacoub A, Rahmani M, Emdad L, Dmitriev IP, Wang XY, Sarkar D, Grant S, Dent P, Curiel DT, Fisher PB. mda-7/IL-24: a unique member of the IL-10 gene family promoting cancer-targeted toxicity. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2011; 21:381-91. [PMID: 20926331 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2010.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma differentiation associated gene-7/interleukin-24 (mda-7/IL-24) is a unique member of the IL-10 gene family that displays nearly ubiquitous cancer-specific toxicity, with no harmful effects toward normal cells or tissues. mda-7/IL-24 was cloned from human melanoma cells by differentiation induction subtraction hybridization (DISH) and promotes endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress culminating in apoptosis or toxic autophagy in a broad-spectrum of human cancers, when assayed in cell culture, in vivo in human tumor xenograft mouse models and in a Phase I clinical trial in patients with advanced cancers. This therapeutically active cytokine also induces indirect antitumor activity through inhibition of angiogenesis, stimulation of an antitumor immune response, and sensitization of cancer cells to radiation-, chemotherapy- and antibody-induced killing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupesh Dash
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States
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