1
|
Gu Z, Zhao L, Ge C, Liu S, Fang G, Chen SS, Yang Z, Zhou R. Facet-regulated adhesion of double-stranded DNA on palladium surfaces. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:1827-1836. [PMID: 30633285 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr06203j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A better understanding of interactions between metal-nanomaterial surfaces and biomolecules such as DNAs is critical for their biomedical applications. Here we investigated double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) adhering to palladium (Pd) nanosheets with two different exposed facets, {100} and {111}, using a combined computational and experimental approach. Different dsDNA binding modes on the two surfaces were observed, with a surprising "upright" conformation on Pd(100) and a "flat" conformation on Pd(111). Molecular dynamics simulations showed a stronger binding of the dsDNA on Pd(111) than Pd(100), which resulted in significant conformational changes and hydrogen bond breakage in the dsDNA on Pd(111). Further analyses revealed that the different binding strengths were caused by the number and arrangement of water molecules in the first solvation shell (FSS) of the two Pd surfaces. The water hydrogen bond network in the FSS of Pd(100) is compact and resists the embedding of dsDNA, while it is less compact on Pd(111), which allows penetration of dsDNA and its direct contact with Pd(111) surface atoms, thereby exhibiting stronger binding. Further free energy calculations with umbrella sampling supported these observations. Finally, these computational predictions on the adsorption capacity of dsDNA on Pd surfaces were confirmed by gel electrophoresis experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zonglin Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), and Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Protasoni M, Kroon AM, Taanman JW. Mitochondria as oncotarget: a comparison between the tetracycline analogs doxycycline and COL-3. Oncotarget 2018; 9:33818-33831. [PMID: 30333912 PMCID: PMC6173462 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Tetracyclines have anticancer properties in addition to their well-known antibacterial properties. It has been proposed that tetracyclines slow metastasis and angiogenesis through inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases. However, we believe that the anticancer effect of tetracyclines is due to their inhibition of mitochondrial protein synthesis, resulting in a decrease of the mitochondrial energy generating capacity. Several groups have developed analogs that are void of antibacterial action. An example is COL-3, which is currently tested for its anticancer effects in clinical trials. We have undertaken a comparative study of the tetracycline analogs COL-3 and doxycycline, which has an antibacterial function, to further investigate the role of the mitochondrial energy generating capacity in the anticancer mechanism and, thereby, evaluate the usefulness of mitochondria as an oncotarget. Our experiments with cultures of the human A549, COLO357 and HT29 cancer cells and fibroblasts indicated that COL-3 is significantly more cytotoxic than doxycycline. Mitochondrial translation assays demonstrated that COL-3 has retained its inhibitory effect on mitochondrial protein synthesis. Both drugs caused a severe decrease in the levels of mitochondrially encoded cytochrome-c oxidase subunits and cytochrome-c oxidase activity. In addition, COL-3 produced a marked drop in the level of nuclear-encoded succinate dehydrogenase subunit A and citrate synthase activity, indicating that COL-3 has multiple inhibitory effects. Contrary to COL-3, the anticancer action of doxycycline appears to be based specifically on inhibition of mitochondrial protein synthesis, which is thought to affect rapidly proliferating cancer cells more than healthy tissue. Doxycycline is likely to cause less side effects that COL-3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Protasoni
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, NW3 2PF, UK
| | - Albert M Kroon
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, NW3 2PF, UK
| | - Jan-Willem Taanman
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, NW3 2PF, UK
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tang Z, Zhao L, Yang Z, Liu Z, Gu J, Bai B, Liu J, Xu J, Yang H. Mechanisms of oxidative stress, apoptosis, and autophagy involved in graphene oxide nanomaterial anti-osteosarcoma effect. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:2907-2919. [PMID: 29844673 PMCID: PMC5961647 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s159388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Graphene and its derivative graphene oxide (GO) have been implicated in a wide range of anticancer effects. Purpose The objective of this study was to systematically evaluate the toxicity and underlying mechanisms of GO on two osteosarcoma (OSA) cancer cell lines, MG-63 and K7M2 cells. Methods MG-63 and K7M2 cells were treated by GO (0–50 µg/mL) for various time periods. Cell viability was tested by MTT and Live/Dead assays. A ROS Detection Kit based on DHE oxidative reaction was used for ROS detection. An Annexin V-FITC Apoptosis Kit was used for apoptosis detection. Dansylcadaverine (MDC) dyeing was applied for seeking unspecific autophagosomes. Western blot and Immunofluorescence analysis were used for related protein expression and location. Results K7M2 cells were more sensitive to GO compared with MG-63 cells. The mechanism was attributed to the different extent of the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In K7M2 cells, ROS was easily stimulated and the apoptosis pathway was subsequently activated, accompanied by elevated expression of proapoptosis proteins (such as caspase-3) and decreased expression levels of antiapoptosis proteins (such as Bcl-2). A ROS inhibitor (N-acetylcysteine) could alleviate the cytotoxic effects of GO in K7M2 cells. However, the production of ROS in MG-63 cells was probably inhibited by the activation of an antioxidative factor, nuclear factor-E2-related factor-2, which translocated from the cytoplasm to the nucleus after GO treatment, while a nuclear factor-E2-related factor-2 inhibitor (ML385) significantly increased ROS production in MG-63 cells when combined with GO treatment. In addition, autophagy was simultaneously stimulated by characteristic autophagosome formation, autophagy flux, and increased the expression level of autophagy-related proteins (such as LC3I to LC3II conversion, ATG5, and ATG7). Conclusion This paper proposes various underlying mechanisms of the anticancer effect of GO. The novel synthetic use of GO with an oxidizing agent is the key step for further potential applications in clinical OSA cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhibing Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Quantitative Biology and Medicine, SRMP and RAD-X, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zaixing Yang
- Institute of Quantitative Biology and Medicine, SRMP and RAD-X, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhaohui Liu
- Department of Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, Basic Medical and Biological Sciences, School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jia Gu
- Institute of Quantitative Biology and Medicine, SRMP and RAD-X, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Bing Bai
- Institute of Quantitative Biology and Medicine, SRMP and RAD-X, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jinlian Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Jiaying Xu
- Institute of Quantitative Biology and Medicine, SRMP and RAD-X, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Huilin Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhao L, Liu S, Xu J, Li W, Duan G, Wang H, Yang H, Yang Z, Zhou R. A new molecular mechanism underlying the EGCG-mediated autophagic modulation of AFP in HepG2 cells. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e3160. [PMID: 29095434 PMCID: PMC5775413 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Epigallocatechingallate (EGCG) is a major bioactive component of green tea and is associated with health benefits against multiple diseases including cancer. As an indicator of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), high levels of α-fetal protein (AFP) are related to malignant differentiation and poor prognosis of cancer cells. In this study, EGCG can effectively reduce AFP secretion and simultaneously induce AFP aggregation in human HCC HepG2 cells. EGCG-stimulated autophagy induces the degradation of AFP aggregates in HepG2 cells. Furthermore, we thoroughly studied the underlying molecular mechanisms behind EGCG-stimulated autophagy by using large-scale all-atom molecular dynamics simulations, which revealed a novel molecular mechanism. EGCG directly interacts with LC3-I protein, readily exposing the pivotal Gly-120 site of the latter to other important binding partners such as 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine and promoting the synthesis of LC3-II, a characteristic autophagosomal marker. Our results suggest that EGCG is critical in regulating AFP secretion and in modulating autophagic activities of HepG2 cells, providing a molecular basis for potentially preventing and treating HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhao
- School of Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Shengtang Liu
- School of Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jiaying Xu
- School of Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Wei Li
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Guangxin Duan
- School of Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Haichao Wang
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Huilin Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Zaixing Yang
- School of Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ruhong Zhou
- School of Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.,Computational Biological Center, IBM Thomas J Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Guerra W, Silva-Caldeira PP, Terenzi H, Pereira-Maia EC. Impact of metal coordination on the antibiotic and non-antibiotic activities of tetracycline-based drugs. Coord Chem Rev 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2016.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
6
|
Abstract
Chemically modified tetracycline 3 (CMT-3) is a potential anticancer drug because of its retained matrix metalloproteinases inhibitory property. In the present study,we showed that CMT-3 significantly inhibited the growth and proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells. Novel mechanisms including increased intracellular autophagy level and high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1)release were involved. In addition, a major Danshen ingredient, tanshinone IIA sodium sulfonate (TSN-SS),significantly increased the cytotoxic effects of CMT-3 in HepG2 cells. Combining CMT-3 with TSN-SS led to enhanced accumulation of endogenous LC3-II, but reduced HMGB1 cytoplasmic translocation. Altogether, these findings suggest that autophagy and HMGB1 release may play important roles in the anticancer effect of CMT-3. As an ovel candidate for cancer therapy, CMT-3 may be used in combination with TSN-SS, which possibly facilitates the execution of a death signal (e.g. autophagy) and prevents the survival of an inducer (e.g. HMGB1 cytoplasmic translocation), thus improving its therapeutic effect.
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
Biological functions of antibiotics are not limited to killing. The most likely function of antibiotics in natural microbial ecosystems is signaling. Does this signaling function of antibiotics also extend to the eukaryotic – in particular mammalian – cells? In this review, the host modulating properties of three classes of antibiotics (macrolides, tetracyclines, and β-lactams) will be briefly discussed. Antibiotics can be effective in treatment of a broad spectrum of diseases and pathological conditions other than those of infectious etiology and, in this capacity, may find widespread applications beyond the intended antimicrobial use. This use, however, should not compromise the primary function antibiotics are used for. The biological background for this inter-kingdom signaling is also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rustam I Aminov
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies Kingston, Jamaica
| |
Collapse
|