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Nazemidashtarjandi S, Muldur S, Supple MD, Ryan CM, Yonker LM, Karabacak MN, Goverman J, Yarmush M, Irimia D. Monocyte Anisocytosis Changes in Patients after Major Burn Injuries. J Burn Care Res 2024:irae088. [PMID: 38783715 DOI: 10.1093/jbcr/irae088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The recovery of patients after severe burns is a long and complex process. Recently, genomic analysis of white blood cells from burn and trauma patients revealed excessive and prolonged innate immune activation in patients with complicated outcomes. However, translating this knowledge into practical biomarkers has not been possible yet. Although several biomarkers for monitoring burn patients have been proposed, their ability to accurately distinguish between inflammation stemming from initial tissue destruction, infections, and organ failure complications is limited. Here, we focused on monocytes, critical innate immune cells in the response to burn injured tissues. We measured the monocyte anisocytosis (quantified as monocyte distribution width, MDW, a recently emerged marker of sepsis) throughout the recovery of patients from the time of burn injury until the end of the hospital stay. We observed that MDW increases in patients during the first week after major burns. Among the patients with major burns who survive, MDW starts decreasing in the second week and normalizes by the end of the hospital stay. The duration of hospital stay appears to be proportional to how fast MDW decreases during the second week after the injury. We also found that MDW decreases significantly in most patients after excision and debridement surgeries but not after allo- and auto-graft surgeries. Moreover, high MDW values correlated with a higher rate of positive microbiology blood culture samples and respiratory infections. These findings underscore the importance of monitoring MDW as a potential biomarker for the risk of complications during burn patient recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Nazemidashtarjandi
- Department of Surgery, Center for Engineering in Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02129, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Shriners Children's Boston, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Sinan Muldur
- Department of Surgery, Center for Engineering in Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02129, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Surgery, Sumner Redstone Burn Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, MA 02114, USA
| | - Matthew D Supple
- Department of Surgery, Sumner Redstone Burn Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, MA 02114, USA
| | - Collen M Ryan
- Department of Surgery, Sumner Redstone Burn Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, MA 02114, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Shriners Children's Boston, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Lael M Yonker
- Department of Pediatrics, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Murat N Karabacak
- Department of Surgery, Center for Engineering in Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02129, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Shriners Children's Boston, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Jeremy Goverman
- Department of Surgery, Sumner Redstone Burn Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, MA 02114, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Shriners Children's Boston, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Martin Yarmush
- Department of Surgery, Center for Engineering in Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02129, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Shriners Children's Boston, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Daniel Irimia
- Department of Surgery, Center for Engineering in Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02129, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Shriners Children's Boston, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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Zheng X, Zhao Y, Wang D, Pan S, Yushuaima, Huang Z, Ye M, Zhang S. A new hematological parameter model for the diagnosis and prognosis of sepsis in emergency department: A single-center retrospective study. Int J Lab Hematol 2024; 46:250-258. [PMID: 37904344 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.14193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sepsis, a syndrome of organ dysfunction caused by an unregulated host response to infection. This study aimed to develop a novel sepsis diagnostic model of hematological parameters and evaluate its effectiveness in the early identification and prognosis of sepsis in emergency departments. METHODS A retrospective study was conducted in Emergency Department. Cell population data parameters related to monocytes and neutrophils were obtained using the Mindary BC-6800 plus hematology analyzer. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the performance of the parameters and establish a diagnostic and prognostic model of sepsis, which was then verified with a validation cohort. RESULTS Mon_XW exhibited the best diagnostic performance (area under the ROC curve [AUC] = 0.848, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.810-0.885, p < 0.001), followed by Neu_Y and Neu_YW (AUC = 0.777 95% CI: 0.730-0.824, p < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis identified Mon_XW and Neu_Y as independent predictors, which were used to establish a diagnostic model named hematological parameter for sepsis (HPS). HPS demonstrated the best diagnostic performance with an AUC of 0.862 (95% CI: 0.826-0.898, p < 0.001), sensitivity of 70.0%, and specificity of 87.1%, compared to C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT). The validation cohort also found that the positive predictive value of HPS was 70.4% and the negative predictive value was 92.2%. CONCLUSION The developed HPS model showed promising diagnostic efficacy for sepsis in the emergency department, which outperformed CRP and PCT in terms of sensitivity and specificity. By enabling early identification and prognosis of sepsis, that contributes to reducing sepsis-related mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohe Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yating Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiyao Pan
- Department of Clinical Research and Medical Affairs, Shenzhen Mindray Bio-Medical Electronic Co. Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Yushuaima
- Department of Clinical Research and Medical Affairs, Shenzhen Mindray Bio-Medical Electronic Co. Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Zena Huang
- Yunkang School of Medicine and Health, Nanfang College, Guangzhou, China
| | - Manman Ye
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shihong Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Liu Y, Wang R, Zhong S, Qian L, Wang D. Monocyte distribution width as an early predictor of short-term outcome in adult patients with sepsis. Clin Chem Lab Med 2024; 62:562-571. [PMID: 37815315 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2023-0577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Monocyte distribution width (MDW) is a quantitative measurement of monocyte anisocytosis and has been proposed as an efficient marker for early sepsis detection. This study aimed to assess the prognostic potential of MDW in septic patients. METHODS In this study, a total of 252 adult septic patients were enrolled. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory finding including MDW and traditional inflammatory biomarkers detected at three time points (day 1, day 3 and day 6) after admission were collected and compared between 28-day survivors and non-survivors. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, Kaplan-Meier survival curve and Cox regression analyses were performed to assess and compare their predictive values. Group-based trajectory modeling was applied to identify MDW trajectory endotypes. Basic characteristics and 28-day outcomes were compared between the trajectories. RESULTS ROC curve analysis showed that MDW levels measured on day 3 after admission (D3-MDW) had moderate prognostic value and was independently associated with 28-day mortality in patients with sepsis. A D3-MDW value of 26.20 allowed discrimination between survivors and non-survivors with a sensitivity of 77.8 % and a specificity of 67.6 %. However, the prognostic accuracy of D3-MDW was diminished in immune-compromised patients and patients who already received antibiotics before admission. Group-based trajectory modeling indicated that excessively elevated and delayed decreased MDW levels during the first week after admission inversely correlated with prognosis. CONCLUSIONS MDW values detected on day 3 after admission and its kinetic change might be potential markers for predicting short-term outcome in adult septic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Ruizhi Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Shihua Zhong
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Liu Qian
- Department of Medical Affair, Danaher Diagnostic Platform, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangxi Hospital Division of the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Nanning, P.R. China
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Eisinger GJ, Osman W, Prather ER, Julian MW, Gavrilin MA, Crouser ED, Wewers MD. Blood collection in heparin vs. EDTA results in an inflammasome-independent increase in monocyte distribution width at 4 h. Clin Chem Lab Med 2024; 62:e26-e28. [PMID: 37548464 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2023-0767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory J Eisinger
- Pulmonary/Critical Care and Emergency Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Wissam Osman
- The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Evan R Prather
- The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mark W Julian
- The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mikhail A Gavrilin
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Elliott D Crouser
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mark D Wewers
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
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Kane AS, Boribong BP, Loiselle M, Chitnis AP, Chavez H, Moldawer LL, Larson SD, Badaki-Makun O, Irimia D, Yonker LM. Monocyte anisocytosis corresponds with increasing severity of COVID-19 in children. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1177048. [PMID: 37425266 PMCID: PMC10326545 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1177048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Although SARS-CoV-2 infection can lead to severe COVID-19 in children, the role of biomarkers for assessing the risk of progression to severe disease is not well established in the pediatric population. Given the differences in monocyte signatures associated with worsening COVID-19 in adults, we aimed to determine whether monocyte anisocytosis early in the infectious course would correspond with increasing severity of COVID-19 in children. Methods We performed a multicenter retrospective study of 215 children with SARS-CoV-2 infection, Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C), convalescent COVID-19, and healthy age-matched controls to determine whether monocyte anisocytosis, quantified by monocyte distribution width (MDW) on complete blood count, was associated with increasing severity of COVID-19. We performed exploratory analyses to identify other hematologic parameters in the inflammatory signature of pediatric SARS-CoV-2 infection and determine the most effective combination of markers for assessing COVID-19 severity in children. Results Monocyte anisocytosis increases with COVID-19 severity and need for hospitalization. Although other inflammatory markers such as lymphocyte count, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, C-reactive protein, and cytokines correlate with disease severity, these parameters were not as sensitive as MDW for identifying severe disease in children. An MDW threshold of 23 offers a sensitive marker for severe pediatric COVID-19, with improved accuracy when assessed in combination with other hematologic parameters. Conclusion Monocyte anisocytosis corresponds with shifting hematologic profiles and inflammatory markers in children with COVID-19, and MDW serves as a clinically accessible biomarker for severe COVID-19 in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail S. Kane
- Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Brittany P. Boribong
- Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Maggie Loiselle
- Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Anagha P. Chitnis
- Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Hector Chavez
- Department of Pediatrics, Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, FL, United States
- Department of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Holtz Children’s Hospital, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Lyle L. Moldawer
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Shawn D. Larson
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Oluwakemi Badaki-Makun
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Center for Data Science in Emergency Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Daniel Irimia
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Surgery, Center for Engineering in Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Surgery, Shriners Burn Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Lael M. Yonker
- Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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Chen H, Zhang X, Su H, Zeng J, Chan H, Li Q, Liu X, Zhang L, Wu WKK, Chan MTV, Chen H. Immune dysregulation and RNA N6-methyladenosine modification in sepsis. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. RNA 2023; 14:e1764. [PMID: 36149809 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis is defined as life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by the host immune dysregulation to infection. It is a highly heterogeneous syndrome with complex pathophysiological mechanisms. The host immune response to sepsis can be divided into hyper-inflammatory and immune-suppressive phases which could exist simultaneously. In the initial stage, systemic immune response is activated after exposure to pathogens. Both innate and adaptive immune cells undergo epigenomic, transcriptomic, and functional reprogramming, resulting in systemic and persistent inflammatory responses. Following the hyper-inflammatory phase, the body is in a state of continuous immunosuppression, which is related to immune cell apoptosis, metabolic failure, and epigenetic reprogramming. Immunosuppression leads to increased susceptibility to secondary infections in patients with sepsis. RNA N6-Methyladenosine (m6A) has been recognized as an indispensable epitranscriptomic modification involved in both physiological and pathological processes. Recent studies suggest that m6A could reprogram both innate and adaptive immune cells through posttranscriptional regulation of RNA metabolism. Dysregulated m6A modifications contribute to the pathogenesis of immune-related diseases. In this review, we summarize immune cell changes and the potential role of m6A modification in sepsis. This article is categorized under: RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease RNA Processing > RNA Editing and Modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Chen
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care and Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaoting Zhang
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care and Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hao Su
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care and Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Judeng Zeng
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care and Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hung Chan
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care and Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care and Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care and Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care and Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - William Ka Kei Wu
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care and Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Matthew Tak Vai Chan
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care and Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Huarong Chen
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care and Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Liao Y, Xiao N, Wang X, Dai S, Wang G. Promoting effect of Tmsb4x on the differentiation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to dendritic cells during septicemia. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 111:109002. [PMID: 35932611 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thymosin beta 4 × (Tmsb4x) has been highlighted as an important regulator in immune and inflammation responses. Promoted differentiation of mononuclear cells into dendritic cells (DCs) exert a beneficial effect on septicemia. Herein, we investigated the effects of Tmsb4x on the mononuclear cells to affect immune responses during septicemia. METHODS Initially, we isolated peripheral blood samples from healthy individuals and patients with septicemia for extraction of mononuclear cells, followed by Tmsb4x expression quantification. A cell model was constructed with mononuclear cells through lipopolysaccharide stimulation. The viability and apoptosis were evaluated in response to Tmsb4x silencing or re-expression. Additionally, the proportion of DCs was assessed by determining levels of inflammatory factors as well as by flow cytometric analysis. A mouse septicemia model was developed for in vivo validation. RESULTS Cell and animal models demonstrated decreased Tmsb4x expression in the setting of septicemia, which led to increased inflammatory response and reduced proportion of DCs, along with inhibited mononuclear cell viability and promoted apoptosis. However, restoration of Tmsb4x facilitated the differentiation of mononuclear cells into DCs. CONCLUSION To conclude, upregulated Tmsb4x promoted the generation of DCs from mononuclear cells, which contributed to deep understanding of underpinning mechanisms in the development of septicemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqiang Liao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jiangxi Pingxiang People's Hospital, Pingxiang 337055, China.
| | - Ni Xiao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jiangxi Pingxiang People's Hospital, Pingxiang 337055, China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jiangxi Pingxiang People's Hospital, Pingxiang 337055, China
| | - Senhua Dai
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Jiangxi Pingxiang People's Hospital, Pingxiang 337055, China
| | - Guiliang Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangxi Pingxiang People's Hospital, Pingxiang 337055, China
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Smith AP, Creagh EM. Caspase-4 and -5 Biology in the Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:919567. [PMID: 35712726 PMCID: PMC9194562 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.919567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract, associated with high levels of inflammatory cytokine production. Human caspases-4 and -5, and their murine ortholog caspase-11, are essential components of the innate immune pathway, capable of sensing and responding to intracellular lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a component of Gram-negative bacteria. Following their activation by LPS, these caspases initiate potent inflammation by causing pyroptosis, a lytic form of cell death. While this pathway is essential for host defence against bacterial infection, it is also negatively associated with inflammatory pathologies. Caspases-4/-5/-11 display increased intestinal expression during IBD and have been implicated in chronic IBD inflammation. This review discusses the current literature in this area, identifying links between inflammatory caspase activity and IBD in both human and murine models. Differences in the expression and functions of caspases-4, -5 and -11 are discussed, in addition to mechanisms of their activation, function and regulation, and how these mechanisms may contribute to the pathogenesis of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emma M. Creagh
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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