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Cammarata FP, Forte GI, Broggi G, Bravatà V, Minafra L, Pisciotta P, Calvaruso M, Tringali R, Tomasello B, Torrisi F, Petringa G, Cirrone GAP, Cuttone G, Acquaviva R, Caltabiano R, Russo G. Molecular Investigation on a Triple Negative Breast Cancer Xenograft Model Exposed to Proton Beams. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176337. [PMID: 32882850 PMCID: PMC7503243 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Specific breast cancer (BC) subtypes are associated with bad prognoses due to the absence of successful treatment plans. The triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtype, with estrogen (ER), progesterone (PR) and human epidermal growth factor-2 (HER2) negative receptor status, is a clinical challenge for oncologists, because of its aggressiveness and the absence of effective therapies. In addition, proton therapy (PT) represents an effective treatment against both inaccessible area located or conventional radiotherapy (RT)-resistant cancers, becoming a promising therapeutic choice for TNBC. Our study aimed to analyze the in vivo molecular response to PT and its efficacy in a MDA-MB-231 TNBC xenograft model. TNBC xenograft models were irradiated with 2, 6 and 9 Gy of PT. Gene expression profile (GEP) analyses and immunohistochemical assay (IHC) were performed to highlight specific pathways and key molecules involved in cell response to the radiation. GEP analysis revealed in depth the molecular response to PT, showing a considerable immune response, cell cycle and stem cell process regulation. Only the dose of 9 Gy shifted the balance toward pro-death signaling as a dose escalation which can be easily performed using proton beams, which permit targeting tumors while avoiding damage to the surrounding healthy tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco P. Cammarata
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology (IBFM-CNR), 90015 Cefalù (Palermo), Italy; (F.P.C.); (G.I.F.); (L.M.); (M.C.); (G.R.)
- National Laboratory of South, National Institute for Nuclear Physics (LNS-INFN), 95123 Catania, Italy; (P.P.); (F.T.); (G.P.); (G.A.P.C.); (G.C.)
| | - Giusi I. Forte
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology (IBFM-CNR), 90015 Cefalù (Palermo), Italy; (F.P.C.); (G.I.F.); (L.M.); (M.C.); (G.R.)
- National Laboratory of South, National Institute for Nuclear Physics (LNS-INFN), 95123 Catania, Italy; (P.P.); (F.T.); (G.P.); (G.A.P.C.); (G.C.)
| | - Giuseppe Broggi
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Advanced Technological Sciences “Gian Filippo Ingrassia”, Section of Anatomic Pathology, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (G.B.); (R.C.)
| | - Valentina Bravatà
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology (IBFM-CNR), 90015 Cefalù (Palermo), Italy; (F.P.C.); (G.I.F.); (L.M.); (M.C.); (G.R.)
- National Laboratory of South, National Institute for Nuclear Physics (LNS-INFN), 95123 Catania, Italy; (P.P.); (F.T.); (G.P.); (G.A.P.C.); (G.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Luigi Minafra
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology (IBFM-CNR), 90015 Cefalù (Palermo), Italy; (F.P.C.); (G.I.F.); (L.M.); (M.C.); (G.R.)
- National Laboratory of South, National Institute for Nuclear Physics (LNS-INFN), 95123 Catania, Italy; (P.P.); (F.T.); (G.P.); (G.A.P.C.); (G.C.)
| | - Pietro Pisciotta
- National Laboratory of South, National Institute for Nuclear Physics (LNS-INFN), 95123 Catania, Italy; (P.P.); (F.T.); (G.P.); (G.A.P.C.); (G.C.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marco Calvaruso
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology (IBFM-CNR), 90015 Cefalù (Palermo), Italy; (F.P.C.); (G.I.F.); (L.M.); (M.C.); (G.R.)
- National Laboratory of South, National Institute for Nuclear Physics (LNS-INFN), 95123 Catania, Italy; (P.P.); (F.T.); (G.P.); (G.A.P.C.); (G.C.)
| | - Roberta Tringali
- Department of Drug Science, Section of Biochemistry, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (R.T.); (B.T.); (R.A.)
| | - Barbara Tomasello
- Department of Drug Science, Section of Biochemistry, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (R.T.); (B.T.); (R.A.)
| | - Filippo Torrisi
- National Laboratory of South, National Institute for Nuclear Physics (LNS-INFN), 95123 Catania, Italy; (P.P.); (F.T.); (G.P.); (G.A.P.C.); (G.C.)
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (BIOMETEC), University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Giada Petringa
- National Laboratory of South, National Institute for Nuclear Physics (LNS-INFN), 95123 Catania, Italy; (P.P.); (F.T.); (G.P.); (G.A.P.C.); (G.C.)
| | - Giuseppe A. P. Cirrone
- National Laboratory of South, National Institute for Nuclear Physics (LNS-INFN), 95123 Catania, Italy; (P.P.); (F.T.); (G.P.); (G.A.P.C.); (G.C.)
| | - Giacomo Cuttone
- National Laboratory of South, National Institute for Nuclear Physics (LNS-INFN), 95123 Catania, Italy; (P.P.); (F.T.); (G.P.); (G.A.P.C.); (G.C.)
| | - Rosaria Acquaviva
- Department of Drug Science, Section of Biochemistry, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (R.T.); (B.T.); (R.A.)
| | - Rosario Caltabiano
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Advanced Technological Sciences “Gian Filippo Ingrassia”, Section of Anatomic Pathology, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (G.B.); (R.C.)
| | - Giorgio Russo
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology (IBFM-CNR), 90015 Cefalù (Palermo), Italy; (F.P.C.); (G.I.F.); (L.M.); (M.C.); (G.R.)
- National Laboratory of South, National Institute for Nuclear Physics (LNS-INFN), 95123 Catania, Italy; (P.P.); (F.T.); (G.P.); (G.A.P.C.); (G.C.)
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Bahig H, de Guise J, Vu T, Blais D, Chartrand-Lefebvre C, Nguyen NT, Lavertu S, Guay JP, Bedwani S, Roberge D. In a Heartbeat: An Assessment of Dynamic Dose Variation to Cardiac Structures Using Dual Source Computed Tomography. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018; 102:950-959. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.01.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 12/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Normal tissue sparing potential of scanned proton beams with and without respiratory gating for the treatment of internal mammary nodes in breast cancer radiotherapy. Phys Med 2018; 52:81-85. [PMID: 30139613 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2018.06.639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Proton therapy has shown potential for reducing doses to normal tissues in breast cancer radiotherapy. However data on the impact of protons when including internal mammary nodes (IMN) in the target for breast radiotherapy is comparatively scarce. This study aimed to evaluate normal tissue doses when including the IMN in regional RT with scanned proton beams, with and without respiratory gating. The study cohort was composed of ten left-sided breast patients CT-scanned during enhanced inspiration gating (EIG) and free-breathing (FB). Proton plans were designed for the target including or excluding the IMN. Targets and organs-at-risk were delineated according to RTOG guidelines. Comparison was performed between dosimetric parameters characterizing target coverage and OAR radiation burden. Statistical significance of differences was tested using a paired, two-tailed Student's t-test. Inclusion of the IMN in the target volume led to a small increase of the cardiopulmonary burden. The largest differences were seen for the ipsilateral lung where the mean dose increased from 6.1 to 6.6 Gy (RBE) (P < 0.0001) in FB plans and from 6.9 to 7.4 Gy (RBE) (P = 0.003) in EIG plans. Target coverage parameters were very little affected by the inclusion of IMN into the treatment target. Radiotherapy with scanned proton beams has the potential of maintaining low cardiovascular burden when including the IMN into the target, irrespective of whether respiratory gating is used or not.
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Leonardi MC, Ricotti R, Dicuonzo S, Cattani F, Morra A, Dell'Acqua V, Orecchia R, Jereczek-Fossa BA. From technological advances to biological understanding: The main steps toward high-precision RT in breast cancer. Breast 2016; 29:213-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2016.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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