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Loeffler CML, El Nahhas OSM, Muti HS, Seibel T, Cifci D, van Treeck M, Gustav M, Carrero ZI, Gaisa NT, Lehmann KV, Leary A, Selenica P, Reis-Filho JS, Bruechle NO, Kather JN. Direct prediction of Homologous Recombination Deficiency from routine histology in ten different tumor types with attention-based Multiple Instance Learning: a development and validation study. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.03.08.23286975. [PMID: 36945540 PMCID: PMC10029072 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.08.23286975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Background Homologous Recombination Deficiency (HRD) is a pan-cancer predictive biomarker that identifies patients who benefit from therapy with PARP inhibitors (PARPi). However, testing for HRD is highly complex. Here, we investigated whether Deep Learning can predict HRD status solely based on routine Hematoxylin & Eosin (H&E) histology images in ten cancer types. Methods We developed a fully automated deep learning pipeline with attention-weighted multiple instance learning (attMIL) to predict HRD status from histology images. A combined genomic scar HRD score, which integrated loss of heterozygosity (LOH), telomeric allelic imbalance (TAI) and large-scale state transitions (LST) was calculated from whole genome sequencing data for n=4,565 patients from two independent cohorts. The primary statistical endpoint was the Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve (AUROC) for the prediction of genomic scar HRD with a clinically used cutoff value. Results We found that HRD status is predictable in tumors of the endometrium, pancreas and lung, reaching cross-validated AUROCs of 0.79, 0.58 and 0.66. Predictions generalized well to an external cohort with AUROCs of 0.93, 0.81 and 0.73 respectively. Additionally, an HRD classifier trained on breast cancer yielded an AUROC of 0.78 in internal validation and was able to predict HRD in endometrial, prostate and pancreatic cancer with AUROCs of 0.87, 0.84 and 0.67 indicating a shared HRD-like phenotype is across tumor entities. Conclusion In this study, we show that HRD is directly predictable from H&E slides using attMIL within and across ten different tumor types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Maria Lavinia Loeffler
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- Else Kroener Fresenius Center for Digital Health, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universitat Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Omar S M El Nahhas
- Else Kroener Fresenius Center for Digital Health, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Hannah Sophie Muti
- Else Kroener Fresenius Center for Digital Health, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Department for Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Tobias Seibel
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Didem Cifci
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Marko van Treeck
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- Else Kroener Fresenius Center for Digital Health, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Marco Gustav
- Else Kroener Fresenius Center for Digital Health, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Zunamys I Carrero
- Else Kroener Fresenius Center for Digital Health, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Nadine T Gaisa
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf (CIO ABCD), Germany
| | - Kjong-Van Lehmann
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf (CIO ABCD), Germany
| | - Alexandra Leary
- Gynecological Cancer Unit, Department of Medicine, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Pier Selenica
- Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jorge S Reis-Filho
- Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nadina Ortiz Bruechle
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf (CIO ABCD), Germany
| | - Jakob Nikolas Kather
- Else Kroener Fresenius Center for Digital Health, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universitat Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Pathology & Data Analytics, Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
- Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Esposito F, Giuffrida R, Raciti G, Puglisi C, Forte S. Wee1 Kinase: A Potential Target to Overcome Tumor Resistance to Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910689. [PMID: 34639030 PMCID: PMC8508993 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
During the cell cycle, DNA suffers several lesions that need to be repaired prior to entry into mitosis to preserve genome integrity in daughter cells. Toward this aim, cells have developed complex enzymatic machinery, the so-called DNA damage response (DDR), which is able to repair DNA, temporarily stopping the cell cycle to provide more time to repair, or if the damage is too severe, inducing apoptosis. This DDR mechanism is considered the main source of resistance to DNA-damaging therapeutic treatments in oncology. Recently, cancer stem cells (CSCs), which are a small subset of tumor cells, were identified as tumor-initiating cells. CSCs possess self-renewal potential and persistent tumorigenic capacity, allowing for tumor re-growth and relapse. Compared with cancer cells, CSCs are more resistant to therapeutic treatments. Wee1 is the principal gatekeeper for both G2/M and S-phase checkpoints, where it plays a key role in cell cycle regulation and DNA damage repair. From this perspective, Wee1 inhibition might increase the effectiveness of DNA-damaging treatments, such as radiotherapy, forcing tumor cells and CSCs to enter into mitosis, even with damaged DNA, leading to mitotic catastrophe and subsequent cell death.
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Lin L, Wang L, Liu Y, Xu C, Tu Y, Zhou J. Non‑thermal plasma inhibits tumor growth and proliferation and enhances the sensitivity to radiation in vitro and in vivo. Oncol Rep 2018; 40:3405-3415. [PMID: 30272342 PMCID: PMC6196603 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a major disease currently endangering the entire world population. Morbidity and mortality have increased substantially during recent decades. Radiotherapy is a primary treatment for malignant tumors, however side-effects and tumor cell resistance to ionizing radiation reduce the efficacy of radiotherapy. In recent years, non-thermal plasma (NTP) technology been used to treat cancer. In this study, we investigated the toxic effects of NTP on normal cells and tumor cells. We explored the inhibitory effect of NTP on tumor cell proliferation and evaluated the radiation-sensitizing effects of NTP on tumor cells and its mechanisms. In short, we examined the effect of NTP-combined radiation on proliferation, the cell cycle, apoptosis and DNA damage in normal and cancer cells. We found that NTP inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in tumor cells. NTP was more lethal to tumor cells than to normal cells. We found promising synergies of NTP with radiotherapy on cancer cells owing to their combined cytotoxic effects by generating ROS, inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. NTP may be a new candidate for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Lili Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Yandong Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Chao Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Yu Tu
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Juying Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
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Fu S, Wang Y, Keyomarsi K, Meric-Bernstein F. Strategic development of AZD1775, a Wee1 kinase inhibitor, for cancer therapy. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2018; 27:741-751. [DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2018.1511700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Siqing Fu
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yudong Wang
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Khandan Keyomarsi
- Department of Experimental Radiation, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Funda Meric-Bernstein
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Yin Y, Shen Q, Tao R, Chang W, Li R, Xie G, Liu W, Zhang P, Tao K. Wee1 inhibition can suppress tumor proliferation and sensitize p53 mutant colonic cancer cells to the anticancer effect of irinotecan. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:3344-3349. [PMID: 29257266 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Wee1 is an oncogenic nuclear kinase, which can regulate the cell cycle as a crucial G2M checkpoint. Overexpression of Wee1 can be observed in various cancer types, which may lead to a poor prognosis, but the potential therapeutic value of Wee1 in colorectal cancer has not been fully studied. In the present study, the role of Wee1 in colonic cancer was investigated. Wee1 inhibition by small interfering RNA was demonstrated to significantly restrain cancer cell proliferation and sensitize the p53 mutant colonic cancer cell lines HT29 and SW480 to the effect of treatment with ionizing radiation. The anticancer effect of the Wee1 inhibitor MK1775 was investigated in these two colonic cancer cell lines. MK1775 was demonstrated to induce significant DNA damage, suppress cell viability and induce apoptosis. In addition, MK1775 sensitized HT29 and SW480 cells to the effect of irinotecan. Annexin V/propidium iodide staining demonstrated that combination therapy can induce increased apoptosis compared with MK1775 or irinotecan monotherapy. The results of western blot analysis also indicated increased expression of the DNA damage marker histone H2AX, and apoptosis‑associated protein cleaved caspase 3, in HT29 and SW480 cells. In conclusion, the present study indicated that Wee1 may be a valuable target for treatment of p53 mutant colonic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunping Yin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Qian Shen
- Department of Oncology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Ruikang Tao
- Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Weilong Chang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
| | - Ruidong Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Gengchen Xie
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Weizhen Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Kaixiong Tao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
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Anomalies de la réparation de l’ADN et cancers gynécologiques. Bull Cancer 2017; 104:971-980. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2017.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Kawahara N, Ogawa K, Nagayasu M, Kimura M, Sasaki Y, Kobayashi H. Candidate synthetic lethality partners to PARP inhibitors in the treatment of ovarian clear cell cancer. Biomed Rep 2017; 7:391-399. [PMID: 29109859 DOI: 10.3892/br.2017.990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibitors of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) are new types of personalized treatment of relapsed platinum-sensitive ovarian cancer harboring BRCA1/2 mutations. Ovarian clear cell cancer (CCC), a subset of ovarian cancer, often appears as low-stage disease with a higher incidence among Japanese. Advanced CCC is highly aggressive with poor patient outcome. The aim of the present study was to determine the potential synthetic lethality gene pairs for PARP inhibitions in patients with CCC through virtual and biological screenings as well as clinical studies. We conducted a literature review for putative PARP sensitivity genes that are associated with the CCC pathophysiology. Previous studies identified a variety of putative target genes from several pathways associated with DNA damage repair, chromatin remodeling complex, PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling, Notch signaling, cell cycle checkpoint signaling, BRCA-associated complex and Fanconi's anemia susceptibility genes that could be used as biomarkers or therapeutic targets for PARP inhibition. BRCA1/2, ATM, ATR, BARD1, CCNE1, CHEK1, CKS1B, DNMT1, ERBB2, FGFR2, MRE11A, MYC, NOTCH1 and PTEN were considered as candidate genes for synthetic lethality gene partners for PARP interactions. When considering the biological background underlying PARP inhibition, we hypothesized that PARP inhibitors would be a novel synthetic lethal therapeutic approach for CCC tumors harboring homologous recombination deficiency and activating oncogene mutations. The results showed that the majority of CCC tumors appear to have indicators of DNA repair dysfunction similar to those in BRCA-mutation carriers, suggesting the possible utility of PARP inhibitors in a subset of CCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Kawahara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nara Medical University, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Kenji Ogawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nara Medical University, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Mika Nagayasu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nara Medical University, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Mai Kimura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nara Medical University, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Sasaki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nara Medical University, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kobayashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nara Medical University, Nara 634-8522, Japan
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O’Sullivan Coyne G, Ivy SP, Conley BA. Use of precision methods to accelerate drug development in oncology. EXPERT REVIEW OF PRECISION MEDICINE AND DRUG DEVELOPMENT 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/23808993.2017.1311773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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