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McClurg DP, Sanghera C, Mukherjee S, Fitzgerald RC, Jones CM. A systematic review of circulating predictive and prognostic biomarkers to aid the personalised use of radiotherapy in the radical treatment of patients with oesophageal cancer. Radiother Oncol 2024; 195:110224. [PMID: 38479442 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2024.110224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The availability of circulating biomarkers that are predictive of treatment response or prognostic of overall outcome could enable the personalised and adaptive use of radiotherapy (RT) in patients with oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) and squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). METHODS A systematic review was carried out following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews guidance. Medline, EMBASE, PubMed, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Scopus and the Web of Science databases were searched for studies published between January 2005-February 2023 relating to circulating biomarkers evaluated in the context of neoadjuvant or definitive RT delivered for OAC/OSCC. Study quality was assessed using predefined criteria. RESULTS A total of 3012 studies were screened and 57 subsequently included, across which 61 biomarkers were reported. A majority (43/57,75.4%) of studies were of Asian origin and retrospective (40/57, 70.2%), with most (52/57, 91.2%) biomarkers reported in the context of patients with OSCC. There was marked inter-study heterogeneity in patient populations, treatment characteristics, biomarker measurement and the cut points used to define biomarker positivity. Nevertheless, there is evidence for the prognostic and predictive value of circulating tumour DNA and numerous miRNAs in OAC and OSCC, as well as for the prognostic and predictive value of circulating levels of CYFRA21.1 in OSCC. CONCLUSIONS There is consistent evidence for the potential predictive and prognostic value of a small number of biomarkers in OSCC and OAC, though these data are insufficient for translation to current clinical practice. Well-designed prospective studies are now required to validate their role in stratified and personalised RT treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan P McClurg
- Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Chandan Sanghera
- Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Somnath Mukherjee
- Churchill Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Christopher M Jones
- Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK; Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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2
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Matsui K, Kawakubo H, Matsuda S, Hirata Y, Irino T, Fukuda K, Nakamura R, Okita H, Kitagawa Y. Clinical predictors of early postoperative recurrence after radical esophagectomy for thoracic esophageal cancer. Esophagus 2023; 20:679-690. [PMID: 37222963 DOI: 10.1007/s10388-023-01014-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Esophagectomy for esophageal cancer has a high incidence rate of early postoperative recurrence and death. This study aimed to identify the clinical and pathological features in early recurrence cases and to confirm the usefulness of prediction using these factors for effective adjuvant therapy and postoperative surveillance. METHODS One hundred and twenty five patients who developed postoperative recurrence after undergoing radical esophagectomy for thoracic esophageal cancer were classified into two groups as follows: those with early recurrence at ≤ 6 months and those with nonearly recurrence at > 6 months after surgery. After identifying related factors of early recurrence, usefulness of these factors for prediction were examined in all patients with and without recurrence. RESULTS The analysis cohort consisted of 43 and 82 patients in the early and nonearly recurrence groups, respectively. In multivariate analysis, factors associated with early recurrence were higher initial levels of tumor markers (squamous cell carcinoma [SCC] ≥ 1.5 ng/ml in tumors, except for adenocarcinoma, and carcinoembryonic antigen [CEA] ≥ 5.0 ng/ml in adenocarcinoma) and higher venous invasion (v), i.e., ≥ 2 (p = 0.040 and p = 0.004, respectively). The usefulness of these two factors for recurrence prediction was confirmed in 378 patients, including 253 patients without recurrence. Patients with at least one of the two factors had significantly higher early recurrence rates than those without any factors in pStages II and III (odds ratio [OR], 6.333; p = 0016 and OR, 4.346; p = 0.008, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Early recurrence of thoracic esophageal cancer (i.e., during ≤ 6 months after esophagectomy) was associated with higher initial tumor marker levels and pathological findings of v ≥ 2. The combination of these two factors is useful as a simple and critical predictor of early postoperative recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuaki Matsui
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35-Banchi, Shinano-Machi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Kawakubo
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35-Banchi, Shinano-Machi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
| | - Satoru Matsuda
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35-Banchi, Shinano-Machi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yuki Hirata
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35-Banchi, Shinano-Machi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Irino
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35-Banchi, Shinano-Machi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Fukuda
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35-Banchi, Shinano-Machi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Rieko Nakamura
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35-Banchi, Shinano-Machi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hajime Okita
- Division of Diagnostic Pathology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35-banchi, Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Kitagawa
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35-Banchi, Shinano-Machi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
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Zhang S, Chen Y, Hu Q, Zhao T, Wang Z, Zhou Y, Wei Y, Zhao H, Wang J, Yang Y, Zhang J, Shi S, Zhang Y, Yang L, Fu Z, Liu K. SOX2 inhibits LLGL2 polarity protein in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via miRNA-142-3p. Cancer Biol Ther 2022; 23:1-15. [PMID: 36131361 PMCID: PMC9519027 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2022.2126248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
ABBREVIATIONS CCK-8, Cell Counting Kit 8; Chip, Chromatin Immunoprecipitation; EC, Esophageal cancer; EMT, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition; ESCC, Esophageal squamous cell carcinomas; LLGL2, lethal (2) giant larvae protein homolog 2; LLGL2ov, LLGL2 overexpression; MET, mesenchymal-epithelial transition; miRNAs, MicroRNAs; PRM-MS, Parallel reaction monitoring-Mass spectrometry; SD, Standard deviation; SOX, sex determining region Y (SRY)-like box; SOX2-Kd, SOX2-knockdwon; TUNEL, TdT-mediated dUTP Nick-End Labeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihui Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Yunyun Chen
- Central Laboratory, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Qiong Hu
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Department of Clinic Medical Laboratory, Zhoushan Hospital, Zhoushan, China
| | - Tingting Zhao
- Central Laboratory, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- Central Laboratory, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yijian Zhou
- Central Laboratory, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yuxuan Wei
- Central Laboratory, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hongzhou Zhao
- Central Laboratory, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Junkai Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yaxin Yang
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Jiaying Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Songlin Shi
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yujun Zhang
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ling Yang
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhichao Fu
- Department of radiotherapy, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team (Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University), Fuzhou, China
| | - Kuancan Liu
- Central Laboratory, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Suzuki T, Yajima S, Okamura A, Yoshida N, Taniyama Y, Murakami K, Ohkura Y, Nakajima Y, Yagi K, Fukuda T, Ogawa R, Hoshino I, Kunisaki C, Narumiya K, Tsubosa Y, Yamada K, Shimada H. Prognostic impact of carcinoembryonic antigen in 1822 surgically treated esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: multi-institutional study of the Japan Esophageal Society. Dis Esophagus 2022; 35:6601990. [PMID: 35661884 DOI: 10.1093/dote/doac029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have evaluated the clinicopathological significance of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) of esophageal cancer in relatively small numbers of patients. Therefore, this study aimed to clarify the prognostic significance of CEA in 1822 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). METHODS Based on the Japanese Esophageal Society nationwide multi-institutional retrospective study, a total of 1,748 surgically treated ESCC from 15 hospitals were enrolled to evaluate prognostic impact of preoperative CEA values. Among them, 605 patients were categorized to up-front surgery group, and 1,217 patients were categorized to neoadjuvant therapy group. The CEA threshold for positivity was 3.7 ng/ml. The clinicopathological and prognostic impact of CEA was evaluated by univariate and multivariate analysis in each treatment modality groups. RESULTS In total, the CEA positive rate was 25.8% (470/1822). CEA-positive status was significantly associated with distant metastasis (P = 0.004) but not associated with other factors. CEA-positive status was associated with poor overall survival (P < 0.001) in univariate analysis as well as multivariate analysis (P = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS CEA was an independent prognostic determinant of overall survival in esophageal SCC. Based on the subgroup analysis, regardless of the treatment modality, patients with high pretreatment CEA showed poor overall survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Suzuki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery and Clinical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo 142-8541, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yajima
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery and Clinical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo 142-8541, Japan
| | - Akihiko Okamura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Gastroenterology Center, The Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo 135-8550, Japan
| | - Naoya Yoshida
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Yusuke Taniyama
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi 980-8574, Japan
| | - Kentaro Murakami
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Yu Ohkura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Toranomon Hospital and Okinaka Memorial Institute for Medical Research, Tokyo 105-8470, Japan
| | - Yasuaki Nakajima
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Koichi Yagi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Takashi Fukuda
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Saitama Cancer Center Hospital, Saitama 362-0806, Japan
| | - Ryo Ogawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Aichi 467-8601, Japan
| | - Isamu Hoshino
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center, Chiba 260-8717, Japan
| | - Chikara Kunisaki
- Department of Surgery, Gastroenterological Center, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Kosuke Narumiya
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Gastroenterology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Tsubosa
- Division of Esophageal Surgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Yamada
- Department of Surgery, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Hideaki Shimada
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery and Clinical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo 142-8541, Japan
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5
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Liu W, Wang Q, Chang J, Bhetuwal A, Bhattarai N, Zhang F, Tang J. Serum proteomics unveil characteristic protein diagnostic biomarkers and signaling pathways in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Clin Proteomics 2022; 19:18. [PMID: 35610567 PMCID: PMC9128263 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-022-09357-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a common digestive tract malignant tumor with high incidence and dismal prognosis worldwide. However, the reliable biomarkers for clinical diagnosis and the underlying signaling pathways insights of ESCC are not unequivocally understood yet. The serum proteome may provide valuable clues for the early diagnosis of ESCC and the discovery of novel molecular insights. Methods In the current study, an optimized proteomics approach was employed to discover novel serum-based biomarkers for ESCC, and unveil abnormal signal pathways. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis was done by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and Metascape database, respectively. Pathway analysis was accomplished by GeneCards database. The correlation coefficient was assessed using Pearson and distance correlation analyses. Prioritized candidates were further verified in two independent validation sets by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. Results A total of 633 non-redundant proteins were identified in the serum of patients with ESCC, of which 59 and 10 proteins displayed a more than 1.5-fold increase or decrease compared with healthy controls. Verification was performed for six candidate biomarkers, including S100A8/A9, SAA1, ENO1, TPI1 and PGAM1. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve plotting showed the high diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of these six protein molecules as a biomarker panel: the area under characteristic curve (AUC) is up to 0.945. Differentially expressed proteins were subjected to functional enrichment analysis, which revealed the dysregulation of signaling pathways mainly involved in glycolysis, TLR4, HIF-1α, Cori cycle, TCA cycle, folate metabolism, and platelet degranulation. The latter finding was all the more noteworthy as a strong positive correlation was discovered between activated glycolysis and TLR4 pathways and unfavorable clinicopathological TNM stages in ESCC. Conclusions Our findings propose a potential serum biomarker panel for the early detection and diagnosis of ESCC, which could potentially broaden insights into the characteristics of ESCC from the proteomic perspective. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12014-022-09357-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhu Liu
- School of Pharmacy, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medical, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Translational Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Jinxia Chang
- School of Pharmacy, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medical, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Anup Bhetuwal
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Nisha Bhattarai
- Department of Neurology, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medical, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.
| | - Jiancai Tang
- School of Pharmacy, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medical, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.
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Jiang W, de Jong JM, van Hillegersberg R, Read M. Predicting Response to Neoadjuvant Therapy in Oesophageal Adenocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14040996. [PMID: 35205743 PMCID: PMC8869950 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14040996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Oesophageal cancers are often late-presenting and have a poor 5-year survival rate. The standard treatment of oesophageal adenocarcinomas involves neoadjuvant chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy followed by surgery. However, less than one third of patients respond to neoadjuvant therapy, thereby unnecessarily exposing patients to toxicity and deconditioning. Hence, there is an urgent need for biomarkers to predict response to neoadjuvant therapy. This review explores the current biomarker landscape. (2) Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE and ClinicalTrial databases were searched with key words relating to “predictive biomarker”, “neoadjuvant therapy” and “oesophageal adenocarcinoma” and screened as per the inclusion and exclusion criteria. All peer-reviewed full-text articles and conference abstracts were included. (3) Results: The search yielded 548 results of which 71 full-texts, conference abstracts and clinical trials were eligible for review. A total of 242 duplicates were removed, 191 articles were screened out, and 44 articles were excluded. (4) Discussion: Biomarkers were discussed in seven categories including imaging, epigenetic, genetic, protein, immunologic, blood and serum-based with remaining studies grouped in a miscellaneous category. (5) Conclusion: Although promising markers and novel methods have emerged, current biomarkers lack sufficient evidence to support clinical application. Novel approaches have been recommended to assess predictive potential more efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Jiang
- Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery Department, St Vincent’s Hospital Melbourne, 41 Victoria Parade, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
- Correspondence: (W.J.); (M.R.)
| | - Jelske M. de Jong
- Gastrointestinal Oncology Department, The University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands; (J.M.d.J.); (R.v.H.)
| | - Richard van Hillegersberg
- Gastrointestinal Oncology Department, The University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands; (J.M.d.J.); (R.v.H.)
| | - Matthew Read
- Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery Department, St Vincent’s Hospital Melbourne, 41 Victoria Parade, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
- Correspondence: (W.J.); (M.R.)
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7
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Slagter AE, Vollebergh MA, Caspers IA, van Sandick JW, Sikorska K, Lind P, Nordsmark M, Putter H, Braak JPBM, Meershoek-Klein Kranenbarg E, van de Velde CJH, Jansen EPM, Cats A, van Laarhoven HWM, van Grieken NCT, Verheij M. Prognostic value of tumor markers and ctDNA in patients with resectable gastric cancer receiving perioperative treatment: results from the CRITICS trial. Gastric Cancer 2022; 25:401-410. [PMID: 34714423 PMCID: PMC8882113 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-021-01258-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the prognostic value of tumor markers in a European cohort of patients with resectable gastric cancer. METHODS We performed a post hoc analysis of the CRITICS trial, in which 788 patients received perioperative therapy. Association between survival and pretreatment CEA, CA 19-9, alkaline phosphatase, neutrophils, hemoglobin and lactate dehydrogenase were explored in uni- and multivariable Cox regression analyses. Likelihoods to receive potentially curative surgery were investigated for patients without elevated tumor markers versus one of the tumor markers elevated versus both tumor markers elevated. The association between tumor markers and the presence of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) was explored in 50 patients with available ctDNA data. RESULTS In multivariable analysis, in which we corrected for allocated treatment and other baseline characteristics, elevated pretreatment CEA (HR 1.43; 95% CI 1.11-1.85, p < 0.001) and CA 19-9 (HR 1.79; 95% CI 1.42-2.25, p < 0.001) were associated with worse OS. Likelihoods to receive potentially curative surgery were 86%, 77% and 60% for patients without elevated tumor marker versus either elevated CEA or CA 19-9 versus both elevated, respectively (p < 0.001). Although both preoperative presence of ctDNA and tumor markers were prognostic for survival, no association was found between these two parameters. CONCLUSION CEA and CA 19-9 were independent prognostic factors for survival in a large cohort of European patients with resectable gastric cancer. No relationship was found between tumor markers and ctDNA. These factors could potentially guide treatment choices and should be included in future trials to determine their definitive position. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrial.gov identifier: NCT00407186. EudraCT number: 2006-00413032.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid E. Slagter
- grid.430814.a0000 0001 0674 1393Department of Radiation Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marieke A. Vollebergh
- grid.430814.a0000 0001 0674 1393Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Irene A. Caspers
- grid.430814.a0000 0001 0674 1393Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands ,grid.16872.3a0000 0004 0435 165XDepartment of Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johanna W. van Sandick
- grid.430814.a0000 0001 0674 1393Department of Surgery, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Karolina Sikorska
- grid.430814.a0000 0001 0674 1393Department of Biometrics, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pehr Lind
- grid.416648.90000 0000 8986 2221Department of Oncology, Stockholm Söder Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden ,grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marianne Nordsmark
- grid.7048.b0000 0001 1956 2722Department of Medical Oncology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Hein Putter
- grid.10419.3d0000000089452978Department of Biometrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jeffrey P. B. M. Braak
- grid.10419.3d0000000089452978Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Cornelis J. H. van de Velde
- grid.10419.3d0000000089452978Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Edwin P. M. Jansen
- grid.430814.a0000 0001 0674 1393Department of Radiation Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annemieke Cats
- grid.430814.a0000 0001 0674 1393Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hanneke W. M. van Laarhoven
- grid.7177.60000000084992262Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nicole C. T. van Grieken
- grid.16872.3a0000 0004 0435 165XDepartment of Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Verheij
- grid.430814.a0000 0001 0674 1393Department of Radiation Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands ,grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Department of Radiation Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 32, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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8
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CDKN1A (p21 gene) polymorphisms correlates with age in esophageal cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 49:249-258. [PMID: 34743275 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06865-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CDKN1A gene encoding p21 is an important tumour supressor involved in the pathogenesis of cancers. A few studies have been devoted to the association between CDKN1A single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and esophageal cancer (EC) in China, India and Iran. The aim of this case-control study was to investigate the association of CDKN1A polymorphisms with EC risk in the Turkey population for the first time. METHODS In the present study, CDKN1A SNPs (rs1801270 C > T, rs1059234 C > A and rs3176352 C > G) were genotyped with the use of TaqMan SNP genotyping assays in 102 patients and 119 controls. RESULTS The genotypes and alleles of CDKN1A SNPs were not significantly different among patients and controls. However, TT-genotype and T-allele of the rs1059234, the rs1801270 CC-genotype and rs3176352 G-allele were significantly associated with EC risk for ≤ 55 age (p < 0.05). In those over 55 age, CC-genotype and C-allele of the rs1059234 was significantly associated with EC (p < 0.05). The rs1059234 T-carriers had a higher risk of high globulin level (p = 0.017) and low albumin/globulin ratio (p = 0.019) when compared to non-T carriers (CC). The rs3176352 CC-genotype carriers had a higher risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) subtype when compared to CG-genotype carriers and CG-genotype carriers had a higher risk of squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) subtype (OR/95% CI = 4.00/1.06-15.08, p = 0.04). The rs3176352 CC-genotype is also a risk factor for the higher BMI (p = 0.04) and the higher CA-19-9 level (p = 0.009). CONCLUSION Our study suggests that the CDKN1A polymorphisms may play an important role in EC risk in relation to age. Future studies are needed to validate our findings.
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Clinical importance of serum CEA and CA-19-9 levels in oesophagogastric junction adenocarcinomas. PRZEGLAD GASTROENTEROLOGICZNY 2021; 16:240-247. [PMID: 34584587 PMCID: PMC8456764 DOI: 10.5114/pg.2020.101911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Introduction In recent years, the incidence of gastroesophageal junction tumors has increased rapidly in worldwide. Aim To evaluate pretreatment serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 in oesophagogastric junction (OGJ) adenocarcinomas regarding clinicopathologic characteristics and overall survival. Material and methods Patients undergoing curative surgery diagnosed with OGJ adenocarcinoma in the gastrointestinal surgery clinic between 2007 and 2019 were included in the study retrospectively. Kaplan Meier and Log Rank tests were performed in survival analyses. Logistic regression analysis was performed to state the independent variables affecting survival. Results The mean age of the 70 patients included in the study was 59.78 ±10.49 (31–76) years. Serum CEA and CA 19-9 were high in 19 (27.1%) patients. CEA ≥ 5 ng/ml was found to be statistically significant in patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and in patients with a high number of positive lymph nodes (N +) (p = 0.041 and p = 0.042, respectively). CA 19-9 positivity was statistically higher in patients with lymphovascular invasion (LVI) and diabetes mellitus (DM) (p = 0.042 and p = 0.012, respectively). The age and N+ findings of the patients in the CA 19-9-positive group were statistically significant compared to the patients in the CA 19-9-negative group (p = 0.039 and p = 0.007, respectively). Overall survival rates of 1–3 and 5 years were statistically significantly lower in patients who were CA 19-9 positive (p = 0.016). For patients in whom both tumour markers were positive, the N+ mean value was statistically significantly higher (p = 0.001). Conclusions In our study, a significant relationship was found in terms of overall survival and serum CA 19-9 in OGJ adenocarcinoma, and it was associated with both tumour markers being positive and the mean N+ value.
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Kuwayama N, Hoshino I, Gunji H, Kurosaki T, Tonooka T, Soda H, Sonoda I, Eto R, Takiguchi N, Nabeya Y, Itami M, Takayama W. CA19-9-producing esophageal adenocarcinoma originating from the esophageal cardia of the mid-thoracic esophagus: a case report. Surg Case Rep 2021; 7:166. [PMID: 34264404 PMCID: PMC8282831 DOI: 10.1186/s40792-021-01252-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although there are many studies on primary esophageal adenocarcinoma arising from Barrett's esophagus or ectopic gastric mucosa, reports on adenocarcinoma arising from esophageal cardiac glands are extremely rare. Herein, we report a case of mid-thoracic cancer antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9)-producing primary esophageal adenocarcinoma, which presumably originated from the cardiac glands. CASE PRESENTATION A 74-year-old man was referred to our department with advanced esophageal cancer, which initially presented with dyspepsia. Serum levels of cancer antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) were elevated (724.89 U/ml). Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed a type 2 tumor on the posterior wall of the mid-thoracic esophagus approximately 29-32 cm from the incisor. Mucosal biopsy was consistent with a diagnosis of adenocarcinoma. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography showed a circumferential wall thickening in the mid-thoracic esophagus without enlarged lymph nodes or distant metastasis. Positron emission tomography-computed tomography showed accumulation in the primary tumor, but no evidence of lymph node or distant metastasis. According to these findings, the adenocarcinoma was staged as cT3N0M0, thereby, requiring subtotal esophagectomy with lymph node dissection. Postoperative course was uneventful. Histopathologic analysis revealed a 50 × 40 mm moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma with invasion to the thoracic duct and lymph node metastasis at #108(1/4), #109R(1/3), and #109L(1/3). After surgery, the stage was revised to moderately differentiated pT4apN2pM0 (pStage III). Immunostaining revealed expression of CA19-9 and suggested esophageal cardiac gland origin of the tumor. Three months after the surgery, the patient showed no recurrence and is undergoing outpatient observation. CONCLUSIONS We experienced a case of mid-thoracic CA19-9-producing primary esophageal adenocarcinoma, which was presumed to have originated in the esophageal cardiac glands. Due to the scarcity of studies regarding this condition, specific management needs to be further clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Kuwayama
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center, 666-2 Nitona-cho, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8717, Japan
| | - Isamu Hoshino
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center, 666-2 Nitona-cho, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8717, Japan.
| | - Hisashi Gunji
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center, 666-2 Nitona-cho, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8717, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kurosaki
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center, 666-2 Nitona-cho, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8717, Japan
| | - Toru Tonooka
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center, 666-2 Nitona-cho, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8717, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Soda
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center, 666-2 Nitona-cho, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8717, Japan
| | - Itaru Sonoda
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center, 666-2 Nitona-cho, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8717, Japan
| | - Ryotaro Eto
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center, 666-2 Nitona-cho, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8717, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Takiguchi
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center, 666-2 Nitona-cho, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8717, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Nabeya
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center, 666-2 Nitona-cho, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8717, Japan
| | - Makiko Itami
- Division of Surgical Pathology, Chiba Cancer Center, 666-2 Nitona-cho, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8717, Japan
| | - Wataru Takayama
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center, 666-2 Nitona-cho, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8717, Japan
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Yaghoubi N, Avval FZ, Khazaei M, Sahebkar A, Aghaee-Bakhtiari SH. High Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of miRNAs Compared with the Carcinoembryonic Antigen as a Traditional Tumor Marker. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 22:206-214. [PMID: 34102990 DOI: 10.2174/1871520621666210608094908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A significant challenge in cancer detection and treatment is early diagnosis and accurate prognosis of the disease that enables effective therapies and interventions to improve the patient's condition. Up to now, many parts of research have tended to focus on the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) to detect cancers and estimate the survival rates of patients with multiple cancer types, including colorectal, breast, non-small cell lung, and pancreas cancer. Limited sensitivity and specificity of this traditional tumor marker make it an inappropriate biomarker to diagnose cancer, especially in the early stages, while several lines of research have introduced miRNAs as reliable indicators of tumor initiation, development, and therapy response. Indeed, miRNAs have unique properties that provide considerable benefits, such as discriminating benign diseases from malignancies, prediction of cancer possibility and progress, checking sensitivity to treatment, and initial detection of tumors. This review summarizes the relationships between miRNAs and CEA, the diagnostic significance of CEA in combination with miRNAs, and the distinct advantages of miRNAs over CEA as tumor biomarkers. Advancement in our current understanding of miRNAs is essential to discover new and effective biomarkers for diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic goals of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Yaghoubi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farnaz Zahedi Avval
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Majid Khazaei
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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