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Brito C, Silva JV, Gonzaga RV, La-Scalea MA, Giarolla J, Ferreira EI. A Review on Carbon Nanotubes Family of Nanomaterials and Their Health Field. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:8687-8708. [PMID: 38434894 PMCID: PMC10905599 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
The use of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), which are nanometric materials, in pathogen detection, protection of environments, food safety, and in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, as efficient drug delivery systems, is relevant for the improvement and advancement of pharmacological profiles of many molecules employed in therapeutics and in tissue bioengineering. It has contributed to the advancement of science due to the development of new tools and devices in the field of medicine. CNTs have versatile mechanical, physical, and chemical properties, in addition to their great potential for association with other materials to contribute to applications in different fields of medicine. As, for example, photothermal therapy, due to the ability to convert infrared light into heat, in tissue engineering, due to the mechanical resistance, flexibility, elasticity, and low density, in addition to many other possible applications, and as biomarkers, where the electronic and optics properties enable the transduction of their signals. This review aims to describe the state of the art and the perspectives and challenges of applying CNTs in the medical field. A systematic search was carried out in the indexes Medline, Lilacs, SciELO, and Web of Science using the descriptors "carbon nanotubes", "tissue regeneration", "electrical interface (biosensors and chemical sensors)", "photosensitizers", "photothermal", "drug delivery", "biocompatibility" and "nanotechnology", and "Prodrug design" and appropriately grouped. The literature reviewed showed great applicability, but more studies are needed regarding the biocompatibility of CNTs. The data obtained point to the need for standardized studies on the applications and interactions of these nanostructures with biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles
L. Brito
- Department
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, Bloco 13, São Paulo CEP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - João V. Silva
- Department
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, Bloco 13, São Paulo CEP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo V. Gonzaga
- Department
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, Bloco 13, São Paulo CEP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Mauro A. La-Scalea
- Department
of Chemistry, Federal University of São
Paulo, Diadema 09972-270, Brazil
| | - Jeanine Giarolla
- Department
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, Bloco 13, São Paulo CEP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth I. Ferreira
- Department
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, Bloco 13, São Paulo CEP 05508-000, Brazil
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Song C, Qiao Z, Chen L, Ge J, Zhang R, Yuan S, Bian X, Wang C, Liu Q, Jia L, Fu R, Dou K. Identification of Key Genes as Early Warning Signals of Acute Myocardial Infarction Based on Weighted Gene Correlation Network Analysis and Dynamic Network Biomarker Algorithm. Front Immunol 2022; 13:879657. [PMID: 35795669 PMCID: PMC9251518 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.879657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The specific mechanisms and biomarkersunderlying the progression of stable coronary artery disease (CAD) to acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remain unclear. The current study aims to explore novel gene biomarkers associated with CAD progression by analyzing the transcriptomic sequencing data of peripheral blood monocytes in different stages of CAD. Material and Methods A total of 24 age- and sex- matched patients at different CAD stages who received coronary angiography were enrolled, which included 8 patients with normal coronary angiography, 8 patients with angiographic intermediate lesion, and 8 patients with AMI. The RNA from peripheral blood monocytes was extracted and transcriptome sequenced to analyze the gene expression and the differentially expressed genes (DEG). A Gene Oncology (GO) enrichment analysis was performed to analyze the biological function of genes. Weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to classify genes into several gene modules with similar expression profiles, and correlation analysis was carried out to explore the association of each gene module with a clinical trait. The dynamic network biomarker (DNB) algorithm was used to calculate the key genes that promote disease progression. Finally, the overlapping genes between different analytic methods were explored. Results WGCNA analysis identified a total of nine gene modules, of which two modules have the highest positive association with CAD stages. GO enrichment analysis indicated that the biological function of genes in these two gene modules was closely related to inflammatory response, which included T-cell activation, cell response to inflammatory stimuli, lymphocyte activation, cytokine production, and the apoptotic signaling pathway. DNB analysis identified a total of 103 genes that may play key roles in the progression of atherosclerosis plaque. The overlapping genes between DEG/WGCAN and DNB analysis identified the following 13 genes that may play key roles in the progression of atherosclerosis disease: SGPP2, DAZAP2, INSIG1, CD82, OLR1, ARL6IP1, LIMS1, CCL5, CDK7, HBP1, PLAU, SELENOS, and DNAJB6. Conclusions The current study identified a total of 13 genes that may play key roles in the progression of atherosclerotic plaque and provides new insights for early warning biomarkers and underlying mechanisms underlying the progression of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Song
- Cardiometabolic Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Qiao
- Cardiometabolic Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Luonan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Ge
- Shanghai Immune Therapy Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Cardiometabolic Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Sheng Yuan
- Cardiometabolic Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Bian
- Cardiometabolic Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Chunyue Wang
- Cardiometabolic Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Qianqian Liu
- Cardiometabolic Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Jia
- Cardiometabolic Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Fu
- Cardiometabolic Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Rui Fu, ; Kefei Dou,
| | - Kefei Dou
- Cardiometabolic Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Rui Fu, ; Kefei Dou,
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Lee N, Cho JY, Kim KH, Kim HY, Cho HJ, Lee HY, Jeon ES, Kim JJ, Cho MC, Chae SC, Baek SH, Kang SM, Choi DJ, Yoo BS, Oh BH. Impact of Cardiac Troponin Elevation on Mortality of Patients with Acute Heart Failure: Insights from the Korea Acute Heart Failure (KorAHF) Registry. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11102800. [PMID: 35628925 PMCID: PMC9145996 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11102800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to conduct the largest study evaluating the impact of cardiac troponin (TnI) status on mid- and long-term mortality in patients admitted for acute heart failure (AHF) as compared between patients with ischemic (IHF) vs. non-ischemic heart failure (non-IHF). Among 5625 patients from the Korea Acute Heart Failure (KorAHF) registry, 4396 eligible patients with TnI measurement were analyzed. The patients were included on admission with the diagnosis of AHF, and TnI level was measured on the day of admission. A TnI value of <0.05 ng/mL was considered normal. The patients were divided into four groups according to the etiology of heart failure and the status of TnI: non-IHF with normal TnI (n = 1009) vs. non-IHF with elevated TnI (n = 1665) vs. IHF with normal TnI (n = 258) vs. IHF with elevated TnI (n = 1464). The primary outcome was death from all causes according to the etiology (non-IHF vs. IHF) and TnI elevation during the entire follow-up period of 784 days (IQR 446−1116). Elevation of TnI was observed in 71.2% of all patients with AHF. Patients with IHF had higher all-cause mortality compared to those with non-IHF. Elevated TnI was associated with higher 90-day and post-90-day mortality in the non-IHF group. IHF as compared to non-IHF and elevation of TnI were independent predictors of mortality also in the adjustment analysis. In the IHF group, however, elevated TnI had a higher mortality with only 90-day follow-up (18.6% vs. 25.9%, log-rank p < 0.001), not in the post-90-day follow-up (31.1% vs. 32.5%, log-rank p = 0.799). In conclusion, elevated TnI in patients with heart failure is associated with increased all-cause mortality regardless of the etiology of HF. Elevation of TnI was associated to a higher post-90 day mortality in patients with non-IHF but not in patients with IHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuri Lee
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun 58128, Korea;
| | - Jae Yeong Cho
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Korea;
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju 61469, Korea;
| | - Kye Hun Kim
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Korea;
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju 61469, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-62-220-6266; Fax: +82-62-223-3105
| | - Hyung Yoon Kim
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju 61469, Korea;
| | - Hyun-Jai Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea; (H.-J.C.); (H.-Y.L.); (B.-H.O.)
| | - Hae-Young Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea; (H.-J.C.); (H.-Y.L.); (B.-H.O.)
| | - Eun-Seok Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University College of Medicine, Seoul 16419, Korea;
| | - Jae-Joong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea;
| | - Myeong-Chan Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju 28644, Korea;
| | - Shung Chull Chae
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University College of Medicine, Daegu 37224, Korea;
| | - Sang Hong Baek
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea;
| | - Seok-Min Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea;
| | - Dong-Ju Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Korea;
| | - Byung-Su Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Korea;
| | - Byung-Hee Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea; (H.-J.C.); (H.-Y.L.); (B.-H.O.)
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Soeiro ADM, Biselli B, Leal TC, Bossa AS, César MC, Jallad S, Goldstein PG, Guimarães PO, Serrano CV, Nomura CH, Nakamura D, Rochitte CE, Soares PR, Oliveira MTD. Desempenho Diagnóstico da Angiotomografia Computadorizada e da Avaliação Seriada de Troponina Cardíaca Sensível em Pacientes com Dor Torácica e Risco Intermediário para Eventos Cardiovasculares. Arq Bras Cardiol 2021; 118:894-902. [PMID: 35137790 PMCID: PMC9368885 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20210006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fundamento A angiotomografia coronária (ATC) tem sido usada para avaliação de dor torácica principalmente em pacientes de baixo risco, e poucos dados existem com pacientes em risco intermediário. Objetivo Avaliar o desempenho de medidas seriadas de troponinas sensíveis e de ATC em pacientes de risco intermediário. Métodos Um total de 100 pacientes com dor torácica, TIMI score 3 ou 4 e troponina negativa foram prospectivamente incluídos. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos à ATC, e aqueles com obstruções ≥ 50% foram encaminhados à cineangiocoronariografia. Pacientes com lesões < 50% recebiam alta hospitalar, receberam alta e foram contatados 30 dias depois por telefonema para avaliação dos desfechos clínicos. Os desfechos foram hospitalização, morte, e infarto agudo do miocárdio em 30 dias. A comparação entre os métodos foi realizada pelo teste de concordância kappa. O desempenho das medidas de troponina e da ATC na detecção de lesões coronárias significativas e desfechos clínicos foi calculado. Os resultados foram considerados estatisticamente significativos quando p <0,05. Resultados Estenose coronária ≥ 50% na ATC foi encontrada em 38% dos pacientes e lesões coronárias significativas na angiografia coronária foram encontradas em 31 pacientes. Dois eventos clínicos foram observados. A análise de concordância Kappa mostrou baixa concordância entre as medidas de troponina e ATC na detecção de lesões coronárias significativas (kappa = 0,022, p = 0,78). O desempenho da ATC para detectar lesões coronárias significativas na angiografia coronária ou para prever eventos clínicos em 30 dias foi melhor que as medidas de troponina sensível (acurácia de 91% versus 60%). Conclusão ATC teve melhor desempenho que as medidas seriadas de troponina na detecção de doença coronariana significativa em pacientes com dor torácica e risco intermediário para eventos cardiovasculares.
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Wang Z, Zhao H, Chen K, Li H, Lan M. Sandwich-type electrochemical aptasensor based on hollow mesoporous carbon spheres loaded with porous dendritic Pd@Pt nanoparticles as signal amplifier for ultrasensitive detection of cardiac troponin I. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1188:339202. [PMID: 34794569 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.339202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Signal amplification is crucial to improve the sensitivity for the electrochemical detection of cardiac troponin I (cTnI), one of the ideal biomarkers for early acute myocardial infarction (AMI) diagnosis. Herein, we developed a novel signal amplification strategy to construct a sandwich-type electrochemical aptasensor for the detection of cTnI. Core-shell Pd@Pt dendritic bimetallic nanoparticles loaded on melamine modified hollow mesoporous carbon spheres (Pd@Pt DNs/NH2-HMCS) was prepared as labels to conjugate with thiol-modification DNA aptamers probe for signal amplification. While introducing numerous amino groups, the melamine functionalized hollow mesoporous carbon spheres (NH2-HMCS) retained the edge-plane-like defective sites for the adhesion and electrocatalytic reduction of H2O2. With the unique characteristics of NH2-HMCS, it not only enhanced the dispersity and loading capacity of core-shell Pd@Pt dendritic bimetallic nanoparticles (Pd@Pt DNs), but also improved the stability of bonding by the affinity interaction between Pd@Pt DNs and amino groups of melamine. Meanwhile, the synergistic catalysis effect between Pd@Pt DNs and NH2-HMCS significantly enhanced the electrocatalytic reduction of H2O2 and further amplified the signal. Under optimal conditions, this recommended aptasensor for cTnI detection displayed a wide dynamic range from 0.1 pg/mL to 100.0 ng/mL and a low detection limit of 15.4 fg/mL (S/N = 3). The sensor also successfully realized the analysis of cTnI-spiked human serum samples, meaning potential applications in AMI diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxing Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongli Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kaicha Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyuan Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Minbo Lan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China; Research Center of Analysis and Test, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China.
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Luo Z, Sun D, Tong Y, Zhong Y, Chen Z. DNA nanotetrahedron linked dual-aptamer based voltammetric aptasensor for cardiac troponin I using a magnetic metal-organic framework as a label. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 186:374. [PMID: 31123904 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-3470-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
An ultrasensitive voltammetric aptasensor was constructed to analyze cardiac troponin I (cTnI). It is based on DNA nanotetrahedron (NTH) linked dual-aptamer (dAPT) and magnetic metal organic frameworks (mMOFs) of type Fe3O4@UiO-66. Firstly, the DNA NTH linked dAPT (Tro4 and Tro6) were immobilized on a gold electrode for improving the capture efficiency of cTnI. The novel mMOFs Fe3O4@UiO-66 was then decorated by Au@Pt nanoparticles (Au@PtNPs), horseradish peroxidase (HRP), G-quadruplex/hemin (GQH) DNAzyme, and two types of aptamers to form signaling nanoprobes. In the presence of cTnI, an aptamer-protein-nanoprobe sandwich-type structure is formed. Afterward, the nanoprobes including enzyme, GQH DNAzyme and Fe3O4@UiO-66/Au@PtNP were utilized to catalyze the oxidation of hydroquinone by hydrogen peroxide for the electrochemical signals amplification, typically at a working potential of -0.1 V (vs. Ag/AgCl). The voltammetric signal increases linearly in the 0.01 to 100 ng·mL-1 cTnI concentration range, and the detection limit is 5.7 pg·mL-1. Graphical abstract An ultrasensitive voltammetric aptasensor was constructed to analyze cardiac troponin I (cTnI) based on DNA nanotetrahedron linked dual-aptamer and magnetic metal organic frameworks of type Fe3O4@UiO-66. The results indicated the aptasensor has a wide linear response range (0.01 to 100 ng/mL) and low detection limit (5.74 pg/mL) for cTnI. GE: gold electrode; MCH: 6-Mmercapto-1-hexanol; HRP: horseradish peroxidase; HQ: hydroquinone; BQ: benzoquinone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zibin Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Duanping Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China. .,Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Yanli Tong
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, 510317, China
| | - Yongsheng Zhong
- East Campus Lab Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zuanguang Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Lyngbakken MN, Myhre PL, Røsjø H, Omland T. Novel biomarkers of cardiovascular disease: Applications in clinical practice. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2018; 56:33-60. [DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2018.1525335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Nakrem Lyngbakken
- Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
- Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Peder Langeland Myhre
- Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
- Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Helge Røsjø
- Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
- Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Torbjørn Omland
- Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
- Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Beger R, Yu LR, Daniels J, Mattes W. Exploratory biomarkers: Analytical approaches and their implications. CURRENT OPINION IN TOXICOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2017.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Nanomaterials-based electrochemical immunosensors for cardiac troponin recognition: An illustrated review. Trends Analyt Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2016.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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10
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Sensitive cardiac troponins and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide in stable coronary artery disease: correlation with left ventricular function as assessed by myocardial strain. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2015; 31:967-73. [DOI: 10.1007/s10554-015-0646-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Cavalier MC, Pierce AD, Wilder PT, Alasady MJ, Hartman KG, Neau DB, Foley TL, Jadhav A, Maloney DJ, Simeonov A, Toth EA, Weber DJ. Covalent small molecule inhibitors of Ca(2+)-bound S100B. Biochemistry 2014; 53:6628-40. [PMID: 25268459 PMCID: PMC4211652 DOI: 10.1021/bi5005552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Elevated levels of the tumor marker S100B are observed in malignant melanoma, and this EF-hand-containing protein was shown to directly bind wild-type (wt) p53 in a Ca(2+)-dependent manner, dissociate the p53 tetramer, and inhibit its tumor suppression functions. Likewise, inhibiting S100B with small interfering RNA (siRNA(S100B)) is sufficient to restore wild-type p53 levels and its downstream gene products and induce the arrest of cell growth and UV-dependent apoptosis in malignant melanoma. Therefore, it is a goal to develop S100B inhibitors (SBiXs) that inhibit the S100B-p53 complex and restore active p53 in this deadly cancer. Using a structure-activity relationship by nuclear magnetic resonance approach (SAR by NMR), three persistent binding pockets are found on S100B, termed sites 1-3. While inhibitors that simultaneously bind sites 2 and 3 are in place, no molecules that simultaneously bind all three persistent sites are available. For this purpose, Cys84 was used in this study as a potential means to bridge sites 1 and 2 because it is located in a small crevice between these two deeper pockets on the protein. Using a fluorescence polarization competition assay, several Cys84-modified S100B complexes were identified and examined further. For five such SBiX-S100B complexes, crystallographic structures confirmed their covalent binding to Cys84 near site 2 and thus present straightforward chemical biology strategies for bridging sites 1 and 3. Importantly, one such compound, SC1982, showed an S100B-dependent death response in assays with WM115 malignant melanoma cells, so it will be particularly useful for the design of SBiX molecules with improved affinity and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Cavalier
- Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics (CBT), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
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Amino-functionalization of carbon nanotubes by using a factorial design: human cardiac troponin T immunosensing application. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:929786. [PMID: 25133185 PMCID: PMC4122006 DOI: 10.1155/2014/929786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Revised: 05/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
A simple amino-functionalization method for carbon nanotubes and its application in an electrochemical immunosensor for detection of the human cardiac troponin T are described.
Amino-functionalized carbon nanotubes allow oriented antibodies immobilization via their Fc regions, improving the performance of an immunosensor. Herein multiwalled carbon nanotubes were amino-functionalized by using the ethylenediamine reagent and assays were designed by fractional factorial study associated with Doehlert matrix. Structural modifications in the carbon nanotubes were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. After amino-functionalization the carbon nanotubes were attached to screen-printed carbon electrode and a sandwich-type immunoassay was performed for measuring the cardiac troponin T. The electrochemical measurements were obtained through hydrogen peroxide reaction with peroxidase conjugated to the secondary antibody. Under optimal conditions, troponin T immunosensor was evaluated in serum samples, which showed a broad linear range (0.02 to 0.32 ng mL−1) and a low limit of detection, 0.016 ng mL−1. This amino platform can be properly used as clinical tool for cardiac troponin T detection in the acute myocardial infarction diagnosis.
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Abstract
Due to their tissue specificity and ease of detection, the cardiac troponins (cTn) have emerged as the most important and most utilized biomarkers for the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The recent achievement of greater sensitivity by cTn assay systems, however, has resulted in the detection of cTn in a wide array of medical conditions, highlighting myocardial cellular necrosis as a feature in several, seemingly unrelated medical conditions, yet complicating the interpretation of a positive test. Since elevated cTn levels are associated with worse clinical outcomes and, thereby, influence medical decisions, careful consideration should be given to the method by which these biomarkers are measured, the patient population on which the test is being applied, and applicable thresholds based on particular clinical conditions. The objective of this review is to trace the clinical evolution of the cTn biomarker from a test for AMI to a general marker of myocardial cellular necrosis with clinically important prognostic information.
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Patel PC, Hill DA, Ayers CR, Lavingia B, Kaiser P, Dyer AK, Barnes AP, Thibodeau JT, Mishkin JD, Mammen PPA, Markham DW, Stastny P, Ring WS, de Lemos JA, Drazner MH. High-sensitivity cardiac troponin I assay to screen for acute rejection in patients with heart transplant. Circ Heart Fail 2014; 7:463-9. [PMID: 24733367 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.113.000697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A noninvasive biomarker that could accurately diagnose acute rejection (AR) in heart transplant recipients could obviate the need for surveillance endomyocardial biopsies. We assessed the performance metrics of a novel high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (cTnI) assay for this purpose. METHODS AND RESULTS Stored serum samples were retrospectively matched to endomyocardial biopsies in 98 cardiac transplant recipients, who survived ≥3 months after transplant. AR was defined as International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation grade 2R or higher cellular rejection, acellular rejection, or allograft dysfunction of uncertain pathogenesis, leading to treatment for presumed rejection. cTnI was measured with a high-sensitivity assay (Abbott Diagnostics, Abbott Park, IL). Cross-sectional analyses determined the association of cTnI concentrations with rejection and International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation grade and the performance metrics of cTnI for the detection of AR. Among 98 subjects, 37% had ≥1 rejection episode. cTnI was measured in 418 serum samples, including 35 paired to a rejection episode. cTnI concentrations were significantly higher in rejection versus nonrejection samples (median, 57.1 versus 10.2 ng/L; P<0.0001) and increased in a graded manner with higher biopsy scores (P(trend)<0.0001). The c-statistic to discriminate AR was 0.82 (95% confidence interval, 0.76-0.88). Using a cut point of 15 ng/L, sensitivity was 94%, specificity 60%, positive predictive value 18%, and negative predictive value 99%. CONCLUSIONS A high-sensitivity cTnI assay seems useful to rule out AR in cardiac transplant recipients. If validated in prospective studies, a strategy of serial monitoring with a high-sensitivity cTnI assay may offer a low-cost noninvasive strategy for rejection surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parag C Patel
- From the Department of Transplant, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville (P.C.P.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (D.A.H., C.R.A., P.K., J.T.T., J.D.M., P.P.A.M., D.W.M., J.A.d.L., M.H.D.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Transplant Immunology (B.L., P.S.), Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology (A.K.D., A.P.B.), and Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery (W.S.R.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Douglas A Hill
- From the Department of Transplant, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville (P.C.P.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (D.A.H., C.R.A., P.K., J.T.T., J.D.M., P.P.A.M., D.W.M., J.A.d.L., M.H.D.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Transplant Immunology (B.L., P.S.), Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology (A.K.D., A.P.B.), and Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery (W.S.R.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Colby R Ayers
- From the Department of Transplant, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville (P.C.P.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (D.A.H., C.R.A., P.K., J.T.T., J.D.M., P.P.A.M., D.W.M., J.A.d.L., M.H.D.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Transplant Immunology (B.L., P.S.), Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology (A.K.D., A.P.B.), and Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery (W.S.R.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Bhavna Lavingia
- From the Department of Transplant, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville (P.C.P.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (D.A.H., C.R.A., P.K., J.T.T., J.D.M., P.P.A.M., D.W.M., J.A.d.L., M.H.D.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Transplant Immunology (B.L., P.S.), Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology (A.K.D., A.P.B.), and Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery (W.S.R.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Patricia Kaiser
- From the Department of Transplant, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville (P.C.P.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (D.A.H., C.R.A., P.K., J.T.T., J.D.M., P.P.A.M., D.W.M., J.A.d.L., M.H.D.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Transplant Immunology (B.L., P.S.), Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology (A.K.D., A.P.B.), and Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery (W.S.R.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Adrian K Dyer
- From the Department of Transplant, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville (P.C.P.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (D.A.H., C.R.A., P.K., J.T.T., J.D.M., P.P.A.M., D.W.M., J.A.d.L., M.H.D.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Transplant Immunology (B.L., P.S.), Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology (A.K.D., A.P.B.), and Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery (W.S.R.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Aliessa P Barnes
- From the Department of Transplant, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville (P.C.P.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (D.A.H., C.R.A., P.K., J.T.T., J.D.M., P.P.A.M., D.W.M., J.A.d.L., M.H.D.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Transplant Immunology (B.L., P.S.), Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology (A.K.D., A.P.B.), and Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery (W.S.R.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Jennifer T Thibodeau
- From the Department of Transplant, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville (P.C.P.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (D.A.H., C.R.A., P.K., J.T.T., J.D.M., P.P.A.M., D.W.M., J.A.d.L., M.H.D.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Transplant Immunology (B.L., P.S.), Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology (A.K.D., A.P.B.), and Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery (W.S.R.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Joseph D Mishkin
- From the Department of Transplant, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville (P.C.P.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (D.A.H., C.R.A., P.K., J.T.T., J.D.M., P.P.A.M., D.W.M., J.A.d.L., M.H.D.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Transplant Immunology (B.L., P.S.), Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology (A.K.D., A.P.B.), and Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery (W.S.R.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Pradeep P A Mammen
- From the Department of Transplant, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville (P.C.P.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (D.A.H., C.R.A., P.K., J.T.T., J.D.M., P.P.A.M., D.W.M., J.A.d.L., M.H.D.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Transplant Immunology (B.L., P.S.), Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology (A.K.D., A.P.B.), and Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery (W.S.R.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - David W Markham
- From the Department of Transplant, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville (P.C.P.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (D.A.H., C.R.A., P.K., J.T.T., J.D.M., P.P.A.M., D.W.M., J.A.d.L., M.H.D.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Transplant Immunology (B.L., P.S.), Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology (A.K.D., A.P.B.), and Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery (W.S.R.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Peter Stastny
- From the Department of Transplant, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville (P.C.P.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (D.A.H., C.R.A., P.K., J.T.T., J.D.M., P.P.A.M., D.W.M., J.A.d.L., M.H.D.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Transplant Immunology (B.L., P.S.), Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology (A.K.D., A.P.B.), and Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery (W.S.R.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - W Steves Ring
- From the Department of Transplant, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville (P.C.P.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (D.A.H., C.R.A., P.K., J.T.T., J.D.M., P.P.A.M., D.W.M., J.A.d.L., M.H.D.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Transplant Immunology (B.L., P.S.), Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology (A.K.D., A.P.B.), and Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery (W.S.R.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - James A de Lemos
- From the Department of Transplant, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville (P.C.P.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (D.A.H., C.R.A., P.K., J.T.T., J.D.M., P.P.A.M., D.W.M., J.A.d.L., M.H.D.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Transplant Immunology (B.L., P.S.), Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology (A.K.D., A.P.B.), and Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery (W.S.R.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas.
| | - Mark H Drazner
- From the Department of Transplant, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville (P.C.P.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (D.A.H., C.R.A., P.K., J.T.T., J.D.M., P.P.A.M., D.W.M., J.A.d.L., M.H.D.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Transplant Immunology (B.L., P.S.), Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology (A.K.D., A.P.B.), and Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery (W.S.R.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas.
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Polizopoulou ZS, Koutinas CK, Dasopoulou A, Patsikas M, York M, Roman I, Gandhi M, Patel S, Koutinas AF, O'Brien PJ. Serial analysis of serum cardiac troponin I changes and correlation with clinical findings in 46 dogs with mitral valve disease. Vet Clin Pathol 2014; 43:218-25. [DOI: 10.1111/vcp.12124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zoe S. Polizopoulou
- Diagnostic Laboratory; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; Thessaloniki Greece
| | - Christos K. Koutinas
- Clinic of Companion Animals; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; Thessaloniki Greece
| | - Anastasia Dasopoulou
- Diagnostic Laboratory; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; Thessaloniki Greece
| | - Michael Patsikas
- Clinic of Companion Animals; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; Thessaloniki Greece
| | - Malcolm York
- Research and Development; GlaxoSmithKline; Ware Hertfordshire UK
| | - Ian Roman
- Research and Development; GlaxoSmithKline; Ware Hertfordshire UK
| | - Mitul Gandhi
- Research and Development; GlaxoSmithKline; Ware Hertfordshire UK
| | - Sonal Patel
- Research and Development; GlaxoSmithKline; Ware Hertfordshire UK
| | - Alexander F. Koutinas
- Clinic of Companion Animals; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; Thessaloniki Greece
| | - Peter J. O'Brien
- Clinical Pathology Laboratory; University Veterinary Hospital; University College Dublin; Ireland
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Kramer CM. Avoiding the imminent plague of troponinitis: the need for reference limits for high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T. J Am Coll Cardiol 2014; 63:1449-50. [PMID: 24530670 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2013.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Kramer
- Departments of Medicine and Radiology and the Cardiovascular Imaging Center, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia.
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18
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Han H, Seo HS, Jung BH, Woo K, Yoo YS, Kang MJ. Substance P and Neuropeptide Y as Potential Biomarkers for Diagnosis of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Korean Patients. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2014. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2014.35.1.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Brondani D, Piovesan JV, Westphal E, Gallardo H, Fireman Dutra RA, Spinelli A, Vieira IC. A label-free electrochemical immunosensor based on an ionic organic molecule and chitosan-stabilized gold nanoparticles for the detection of cardiac troponin T. Analyst 2014; 139:5200-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c4an00993b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A immunosensor based on an ionic organic molecule and chitosan-stabilized gold nanoparticles was developed for the detection of cardiac troponin T (cTnT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Brondani
- Laboratory of Biosensors
- Department of Chemistry
- Federal University of Santa Catarina
- Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Jamille Valéria Piovesan
- Group of Studies of Electrochemical and Electroanalytical Processes
- Department of Chemistry
- Federal University of Santa Catarina
- Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Eduard Westphal
- Laboratory of Synthesis of Liquid Crystals
- Department of Chemistry
- Federal University of Santa Catarina
- Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Hugo Gallardo
- Laboratory of Synthesis of Liquid Crystals
- Department of Chemistry
- Federal University of Santa Catarina
- Florianópolis, Brazil
| | | | - Almir Spinelli
- Group of Studies of Electrochemical and Electroanalytical Processes
- Department of Chemistry
- Federal University of Santa Catarina
- Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Iolanda Cruz Vieira
- Laboratory of Biosensors
- Department of Chemistry
- Federal University of Santa Catarina
- Florianópolis, Brazil
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20
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Do established biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide and troponin predict rejection? Curr Opin Organ Transplant 2013; 18:581-8. [DOI: 10.1097/mot.0b013e328364fe23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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21
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Hasanzadeh M, Shadjou N, Eskandani M, de la Guardia M, Omidinia E. Electrochemical nano-immunosensing of effective cardiac biomarkers for acute myocardial infarction. Trends Analyt Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2013.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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22
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Radcliffe RM, Divers TJ, Fletcher DJ, Mohammed H, Kraus MS. Evaluation of L-lactate and cardiac troponin I in horses undergoing emergency abdominal surgery. J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio) 2012; 22:313-9. [PMID: 22702437 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-4431.2012.00744.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate changes in plasma cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and L-lactate (LLt) as prognostic indicators in horses undergoing emergency abdominal surgery. DESIGN Prospective observational study. SETTING Veterinary teaching hospital. ANIMALS Thirty-four horses undergoing emergency abdominal surgery. INTERVENTIONS Serial blood sampling during various times during hospitalization (hospital admission, and 12, 24, 48, and 72 h postoperatively) evaluating cTnI and LLt concentrations. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS All horses required surgery for correction of a strangulating (n = 29) or nonstrangulating obstruction (n = 5) of the small or large intestine. Twenty-seven horses survived to discharge; 7 were euthanized either during (n = 1) or after (n = 6) surgery due to disease severity or systemic complications associated with the primary gastrointestinal lesion. Preoperative cTnI concentrations were increased above the normal reference interval in 24% of horses (8/34, median = 0.01 ng/mL, range = 0-12.23 ng/mL), whereas LLt concentrations were increased above the normal reference interval in 88% of horses (30/34, median = 3.37 mmol/L, range = 0.77-13.26 mmol/L). The LLt concentration was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in nonsurviving compared with surviving horses at admission, and at 24 and 72 hours postoperatively. No significant difference in the cTnI concentration was detected between groups at admission. However, the cTnI concentration was significantly higher (P<0.05) in nonsurviving compared with surviving horses at all time points postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS Measurement of both LLt and cTnI concentrations may provide information for prognostication in surgical colic horses. Marked increases in admission concentrations of LLt (median 7.56 mmol/L) and even moderate postoperative increases in cTnI concentration (median 0.97 ng/mL) may both indicate a poor prognosis in critically ill horses following abdominal surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolfe M Radcliffe
- Department of Clinical Studies, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
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Deeks SG, Gandhi RT, Chae CU, Lewandrowski KB. Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Case 30-2012. A 54-year-old woman with HIV infection, dyspnea, and chest pain. N Engl J Med 2012; 367:1246-54. [PMID: 23013077 DOI: 10.1056/nejmcpc1200090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steven G Deeks
- Department of Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, USA
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Savukoski T, Engström E, Engblom J, Ristiniemi N, Wittfooth S, Lindahl B, Eggers KM, Venge P, Pettersson K. Troponin-Specific Autoantibody Interference in Different Cardiac Troponin I Assay Configurations. Clin Chem 2012; 58:1040-8. [DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2011.179226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Autoantibodies to cardiac troponins (cTnAAb) can interfere with the measurement of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) by immunoassays. The aim of this study was to explore the degree of cTnAAb interference in different cTnI assay configurations.
METHODS
Ternary troponin complex was added into samples (serum or plasma, n = 132, 68% cTnAAb positive) from individuals without known cardiac conditions. The recovery of cTnI was then measured with 6 investigational cTnI assays (2, 3, or 4 antibodies per assay). Three of these assays were then selected for further comparison by use of samples (plasma, n = 210, 33% cTnAAb positive) from non–ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome patients in the FRISC-II (FRagmin/Fast Revascularisation during InStability in Coronary artery disease) cohort. Finally, these results were compared to those obtained with 3 commercial cTnI assays.
RESULTS
Analytical recoveries varied widely among the 6 investigational assays. Notably the low recoveries (median 9%) of the midfragment-targeting reference assay were normalized (median 103%) with the use of the 4-antibody assay construct (3 capture, 1 tracer antibody) with only 1 antibody against a midfragment epitope. Reduced analytical recoveries correlated closely with measured autoantibody amounts. cTnI concentrations from cTnAAb-positive patient samples determined with 3 investigational assays confirmed the reduced concentrations expected from the low analytical recoveries. The results from the commercial cTnI assays with antibody selections representative for contemporary assay constructs revealed a similar underestimation (up to 20-fold) of cTnI in cTnAAb-positive samples.
CONCLUSIONS
A novel cTnI assay deviating from the conventional IFCC-recommended midfragment approach substantially improves cTnI detection in samples containing cTnAAbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Savukoski
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Emilia Engström
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Noora Ristiniemi
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Saara Wittfooth
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Bertil Lindahl
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kai M Eggers
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Per Venge
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kim Pettersson
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Irfan A, Twerenbold R, Reiter M, Reichlin T, Stelzig C, Freese M, Haaf P, Hochholzer W, Steuer S, Bassetti S, Zellweger C, Freidank H, Peter F, Campodarve I, Meune C, Mueller C. Determinants of high-sensitivity troponin T among patients with a noncardiac cause of chest pain. Am J Med 2012; 125:491-498.e1. [PMID: 22482847 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2011.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2011] [Revised: 10/23/2011] [Accepted: 10/24/2011] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is unknown to what extent noncardiac causes, including renal dysfunction, may contribute to high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T levels. METHODS In an observational international multicenter study, we enrolled consecutive patients presenting with acute chest pain to the emergency department. Of 1181 patients enrolled, 572 were adjudicated by 2 independent cardiologists to have a noncardiac cause of chest pain. Multiple linear regression analyses were used to determine the important predictors of log-transformed high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T. Kaplan-Meier curve was used to assess the prognostic significance of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T>0.014 μg/L (99th percentile). RESULTS A total of 88 patients (15%) had high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T>0.014 μg/L. Less than 50% of cardiac troponins could be explained by known cardiac or noncardiac diseases. In decreasing order of importance, age, estimated glomerular filtration rate, hypertension, previous myocardial infarction, and chronic kidney disease (adjusted r(2) 0.44) emerged as significant factors in linear regression analysis to predict high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T. High-sensitivity cardiac troponin T was best explained by a linear curve with age as ≤0.014 μg/L. Patients with high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T levels>0.014 μg/L were at increased risk for all-cause mortality (hazard ratio 3.0; 95% confidence interval, 0.8-10.6; P=.02) during follow-up. CONCLUSION Among the known covariates, age and not renal dysfunction is the most important determinant of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T. Because known cardiac and noncardiac factors, including renal dysfunction, explain less than 50% of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T levels among patients with a noncardiac cause of chest pain, unknown or underestimated cardiac involvement during the acute presenting condition seems to be the major cause of elevated high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T.
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Affiliation(s)
- Affan Irfan
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland
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Siervo M, Ruggiero D, Sorice R, Nutile T, Aversano M, Iafusco M, Vetrano F, Wells JC, Stephan BC, Ciullo M. Body mass index is directly associated with biomarkers of angiogenesis and inflammation in children and adolescents. Nutrition 2012; 28:262-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2011.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2011] [Revised: 06/17/2011] [Accepted: 06/20/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Enhanced fluorescence anisotropy assay for human cardiac troponin I and T detection. J Fluoresc 2011; 21:2101-10. [PMID: 21647606 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-011-0909-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2011] [Accepted: 05/27/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Human cardiac troponin I (hcTnI) and troponin T (hcTnT) are the biomarkers of choice for the diagnosis of cardiac diseases. In an effort to improve assay sensitivity, in this study we developed a novel approach to simultaneously detect hcTnI and hcTnT in homogenous solutions by monitoring enhanced-fluorescence-anisotropy changes. Specifically, our design was based on a competition assay by measuring anisotropy change of fluorophore-labeled peptides bound to primary monoclonal antibodies in the presence of nano-gold-modified secondary antibody in response to the presence of target proteins. Enhanced-fluorescence-anisotropy resulted from interaction between the primary antibody and the nano-gold-labeled secondary antibody, which significantly increased the size and decreased tumbling motion of the complex of peptide-antibodies. The measurements were performed to detect hcTnI and hcTnT either individually or simultaneously in a homogenous buffer solution and in the solutions containing human plasma. Our results showed that when fluorescence emission was monitored at a single wavelength selected by a monochromator the assay at all experimental conditions had excellent linear response to the target proteins within the concentration range of 0.5-40 nM. The detection limit is 0.5 nM for both hcTnI and hcTnT in the presence of human plasma. However, when fluorescence emission was monitored using a cutoff filter, the linear response of the assay to the target proteins is within 15-500 pM. The detection limit is 15 pM which is close to the recommended 99th percentile cutoff point for concentrations of hcTnI and hcTnT tests to discriminate healthy and diseased conditions. Homogenous nature, rapid response time, and easy implementation of our assay design make it a useful tool for disease biomarker and protein sensing.
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Brouwers AGA, Van Elburg RM, Beek AM, Rammeloo LAJ. Negative delayed-enhancement magnetic resonance imaging of the heart suggests a diagnosis of neonatal transient myocardial ischaemia. Acta Paediatr 2010; 99:1744-7. [PMID: 20560897 DOI: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2010.01922.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED We report a term neonate presenting after birth with shock and cyanosis for which he was intubated. Echocardiography showed no contractions of the left ventricle. Systemic circulation was provided by the right ventricle via shunting through the arterial duct. Left ventricular dysfunction was confirmed by electrocardiography and increased troponin T levels. Hemodynamics quickly improved, and the child could be weaned of the ventilator without residual problems. We concluded that the patient suffered from transient myocardial ischaemia. At 3 weeks of life, we performed delayed-enhancement magnetic resonance imaging (DE-MRI) of the heart which did not show signs of permanent macroscopic damage of the myocardium. CONCLUSION This is the first reported case report on the use of DE-MRI in a neonate with transient myocardial ischaemia. DE-MRI may provide information that helps to predict recovery in the acute stage of left ventricular dysfunction or at a later stage when absence of recovery of left ventricular function needs to be explained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arno G A Brouwers
- Department of Paediatric Intensive Care, Academic Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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Current world literature. Curr Opin Rheumatol 2010; 22:704-12. [PMID: 20881793 DOI: 10.1097/bor.0b013e3283404094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Wu J, Cropek DM, West AC, Banta S. Development of a Troponin I Biosensor Using a Peptide Obtained through Phage Display. Anal Chem 2010; 82:8235-43. [DOI: 10.1021/ac101657h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York, and U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Construction Engineering Research Laboratory (CERL), Champaign, Illinois
| | - Donald M. Cropek
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York, and U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Construction Engineering Research Laboratory (CERL), Champaign, Illinois
| | - Alan C. West
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York, and U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Construction Engineering Research Laboratory (CERL), Champaign, Illinois
| | - Scott Banta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York, and U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Construction Engineering Research Laboratory (CERL), Champaign, Illinois
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Daubert MA, Jeremias A. The utility of troponin measurement to detect myocardial infarction: review of the current findings. Vasc Health Risk Manag 2010; 6:691-9. [PMID: 20859540 PMCID: PMC2941782 DOI: 10.2147/vhrm.s5306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2010] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is defined by the presence of myocardial necrosis in combination with clinical evidence of myocardial ischemia. Cardiac troponins are regulatory proteins within the myocardium that are released into the circulation when damage to the myocyte has occurred. Therefore, serum troponin is an exquisitely sensitive marker of myocardial injury and is necessary for establishing the diagnosis of MI. High-sensitivity troponin assays are improving the diagnostic accuracy and rapid detection of myocardial infarction. The early identification of MI is vital for the institution of anti-thrombotic therapy to limit myocardial damage and preserve cardiac function. Troponin has both diagnostic and prognostic significance in the setting of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Increased troponin levels in the absence of ACS should prompt an evaluation for an alternative, non-thrombotic mechanism of troponin elevation and direct management at the underlying cause. This review describes the role of troponin in the evaluation of patients with suspected myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A Daubert
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Stony Brook University Medical Center, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
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Abstract
Cardiac troponin levels are routinely measured for diagnosing acute myocardial infarction. Cardiac troponin measurements also provide information concerning prognosis and the effect of early intervention in patients with acute coronary syndromes. The recent development of highly sensitive cardiac troponin assays permits detection of very low circulating levels. Use of sensitive troponin assays improves overall diagnostic accuracy in patients with suspected acute coronary syndromes, and these assays provide strong prognostic information in stable coronary artery disease and chronic heart failure. However, increased sensitivity comes with a cost of decreased specificity, and serial testing, as well as clinical context and judgment, is likely to become increasingly important in the interpretation of troponin assay results.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Omland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
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Silva BVM, Cavalcanti IT, Mattos AB, Moura P, Sotomayor MDPT, Dutra RF. Disposable immunosensor for human cardiac troponin T based on streptavidin-microsphere modified screen-printed electrode. Biosens Bioelectron 2010; 26:1062-7. [PMID: 20863683 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2010.08.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2010] [Revised: 08/14/2010] [Accepted: 08/17/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Screen-printed electrodes (SPE) have been widely used in the design of disposable sensors bringing advances in the use of electrochemical immunosensors for in field-clinical analysis. In this work, streptavidin polystyrene microspheres were incorporated to the electrode surface of SPEs in order to increase the analytical response of the cardiac troponin T (cTnT), a specific biomarker for the acute myocardial infarction diagnosis. The precise calculation of the stoichiometric streptavidin-biotin ratio [1:4] allowed the increase of sensitivity and stability of the immunosensor response to the cTnT analyte. The surface of the immunosensor was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and cyclic voltammetry. It was observed that the use of streptavidin microspheres significantly increased the analytical sensitivity of the electrode in 8.5 times, showing a curve with a linear response range between 0.1 and 10 ngmL(-1) of cTnT and a detection limit of 0.2 ngmL(-1). The proposed SPE showed ease preparation and high sensitivity allowing the detection of cTnT in the range of clinical levels. The new device coupled with a portable electrochemical analyzer shows great promise for point-of-care quantitative testing of necrosis cardiac proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara V M Silva
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Diagnóstico/LAPED, Pronto Socorro Cardiológico de Pernambuco/PROCAPE, Universidade de Pernambuco, Rua dos Palmares, s/n, 50100-130 Recife-PE, Brazil
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