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Al‐Zahawi S, Ghanadan A, Etesami I. A case of retro-auricular panfolliculoma mimicking basal cell carcinoma: A rare adnexal tumor with a review of the literature. Clin Case Rep 2023; 11:e7874. [PMID: 37692159 PMCID: PMC10485239 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.7874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Key Clinical Message A rare case of slow-growing retro-auricular panfolliculoma is presented. The lesion was biopsied to rule out basal cell carcinoma but histopathology revealed a follicular tumor with differentiation toward all segments of the hair follicle. Panfolliculoma is a benign follicular tumor with no report of recurrence after surgical excision and no malignant transformation of the previously reported cases. Abstract Panfolliculoma is a rare slow growing adnexal tumor, characterized by differentiation toward all parts of the hair follicle including the infundibulum, isthmus, stem, and bulbs. Clinically this adnexal tumor may mimick basal cell carcinoma and other adnexal neoplasm including trichoblastoma and trichoepithelioma. In this study, we present a rare case of slow-growing retro-auricular panfolliculoma of a 70-year-old female mimicking basal cell carcinoma that was successfully excised without recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saman Al‐Zahawi
- Department of dermatology, Razi hospitalTehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS)TehranIran
| | - Alireza Ghanadan
- Department of dermatopathology, Razi hospitalTehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS)TehranIran
| | - Ifa Etesami
- Department of dermatology, Razi hospitalTehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS)TehranIran
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2
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Sidlow JS, Reichel M. Bulboma: A Benign Keratosis With Differentiation Toward the Lower Segment of the Hair Follicle. Am J Dermatopathol 2022; 44:503-507. [PMID: 35315371 PMCID: PMC9203036 DOI: 10.1097/dad.0000000000002173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Bulboma is an appellation proposed to designate a distinctive solitary keratosis exhibiting differentiation toward the bulb of the lower segment of the hair follicle. Bulboma is composed of a papillated proliferation of epithelial cells beneath which is a broad front of interconnected follicular papillae. Overlying these coalescing follicular papillae are follicular germinative cells ascending into matrical cells and supramatrical cells. Cells demonstrating differentiation toward Huxley's and Henle's layer of the inner root sheath at the level of the bulb are present including strikingly bright eosinophilic trichohyalin granules and the blue-grey corneocytes of the stem. There is overlying hypergranulosis and orthokeratosis. The clinical and histopathological findings in 4 cases of bulboma, a rare, benign solitary keratosis are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martin Reichel
- Department of Dermatology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY
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3
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Panfolliculoma: Report of the Youngest Case and Literature Review of Its Histopathologic Variants. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12060881. [PMID: 35743912 PMCID: PMC9225048 DOI: 10.3390/life12060881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: Panfolliculoma (PF) is a relative rare, benign follicular tumor comprised of all elements of the hair follicle, with a limited number of cases reported in the literature. Articles on the demographic and pathological analysis of this tumor are also lacking. Case presentation: In this report, we presented an unusual case of cystic PF on the back of a 14-year-old male, and we performed a thorough literature review and analysis of all previously reported cases. Conclusions: PF is a rare benign follicular neoplasm with characteristic differentiation toward all components of the hair follicle. In our analysis, PF occurred most frequently on the head region and was usually diagnosed in middle- to old-aged persons, with cystic PF being the most common histologic subtype. Since this tumor is rare and easily misdiagnosed as other tumors both clinically and pathologically, a thorough understanding of the histopathological manifestations and differential diagnosis of this tumor is necessary for both dermatologists and pathologists.
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4
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Preston A, West C, McCollough M, Hosler GA. Melanocytic Panfolliculoma: A Case Report of a Rare Benign Follicular Tumor. Am J Dermatopathol 2022; 44:276-278. [PMID: 34966046 DOI: 10.1097/dad.0000000000002120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Panfolliculomas (PF) are rare, benign, follicular tumors that differentiate toward multiple components of the hair follicle, and several variants have been described. We present a case of a rare pigmented PF presenting on actinically damaged skin in an 83-year-old man, which was clinically concerning for malignancy. This tumor arose near an area of atypical squamous proliferation and has evidence of infundibular, outer root sheath, and matrical differentiation and foci of heavy melanin pigmentation and increased melanocytes. We propose the novel designation of "melanocytic PF," akin to melanocytic matricoma but with panfollicular differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allie Preston
- Department of Dermatology, Baylor Scott & White, Temple, TX
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5
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Pilomatrical Acanthoma: An Extremely Rare Intraepidermal Variant of Pilomatricoma. Am J Dermatopathol 2022; 44:433-436. [PMID: 35120037 DOI: 10.1097/dad.0000000000002147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Pilomatrical differentiation can be observed in a variety of benign and malignant tumors, with the most common prototype being pilomatricoma. Pilomatricoma often presents in the deep dermis or subcutis, and the sole involvement of epidermis is extremely rare. In our current case series, specimens from 5 patients were included with an average age of 68 years. All lesions presented as solitary verrucous or keratotic papules on the extremities, with 1 lesion having a prominent horn. All lesions have a variable mixture of basaloid matrical cells and shadow cells, and all lesions express β-catenin (strong nuclear and cytoplasmic), lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1 within the matrical component, and pleckstrin homology-like domain family A member 1. The histomorphology and immunoprofile of all lesions are of pilomatrical differentiation, confined to the level of the epidermis. Based on these findings and analogous to the terminology used for other benign intraepidermal proliferations (hidroacanthoma simplex and epidermolytic acanthoma), we propose the term "pilomatrical acanthoma" for these rare lesions.
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6
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Estrada-Castañón R, Vega-Memije ME, Cuevas-González JC, Chávez-López MDG. Panfolliculoma: A Clinical Case Report. Int J Trichology 2017; 9:187-189. [PMID: 29118526 PMCID: PMC5655630 DOI: 10.4103/ijt.ijt_43_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Panfolliculoma is a benign neoplasm of follicular differentiation, and its morphological characteristics are similar to those of trichoblastoma, but it shows greater follicular differentiation. A 55-year-old female patient, visited for a dermatological consultation, presented comedo-like lesions on the eyelids, which were accompanied by moderate pruritus that spread gradually. On examination, the patient had localized dermatosis on the face, which symmetrically affected both upper eyelids and to a lesser extent the lower eyelids. The lesions consisted of papulonodular neoformations, comedones, and redundant skin, and a biopsy was performed. The histopathological report mainly described the presence of atrophic epidermis and dermis that was occupied entirely by a neoplasm of epithelial strain, comprising cystic structures that were surrounded by infundibular epithelium of an internal radicular sheath. Panfolliculoma is a rare benign neoplasm of follicular differentiation, and its morphological characteristics are similar to those of trichoblastoma, the pathologist must perform the clinicopathological correlation to establish the correct diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Juan Carlos Cuevas-González
- Department of Stomatology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Autonomous University of Ciudad Juárez, Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico
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7
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Erythematous Nodular Lesion on the Upper Back. Am J Dermatopathol 2016; 38:857. [PMID: 27763905 DOI: 10.1097/dad.0000000000000415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Terushkin V, Meehan S, Shahabi L, Brinster N. Panfolliculoma with an endophytic architecture resembling a hair follicle: a report of three cases. J Cutan Pathol 2016; 43:1074-1076. [PMID: 27531523 DOI: 10.1111/cup.12799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 08/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Panfolliculoma is a benign follicular tumor comprised of all components of the hair follicle. We report three cases of panfolliculoma with a solid, endophytic architecture, which at scanning magnification had the profile of a hair follicle. The epithelial components included uniform dark blue germinative cells, matrical cells, clear cells and cells containing trichohyaline granules. All the cases also had a central hyperkeratotic horn resembling a hair shaft. Two patients were female and one was male. Two lesions were located on the head and neck, and one was located on the leg. Clinical differential diagnoses included basal cell carcinoma, foreign body and cyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitaly Terushkin
- The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Shane Meehan
- The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ladan Shahabi
- The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nooshin Brinster
- The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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Neill B, Bingham C, Braudis K, Zurowski S. A rare cutaneous adnexal neoplasm: cystic panfolliculoma. J Cutan Pathol 2016; 43:1183-1185. [PMID: 27550230 DOI: 10.1111/cup.12807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A cystic panfolliculoma is a benign follicular neoplasm which recapitulates several portions of the hair follicle. The patient was a 64-year-old Caucasian female who presented with a new growth on her right forearm. The lesion had slowly enlarged over the previous 11 months. She complained of it bleeding on several occasions and being very tender when touched. On exam was an 8 mm firm pink papule which appeared slightly eroded. The growth was excised in clinic. Histology showed a well-circumscribed neoplasm with foci of matrical, infundibular, inner and outer root sheath differentiation. A BerEp3 labeled focal areas of follicular germinative differentiation at the periphery of the proliferation. The lesion was narrowly excised in the available planes of section. The surgical site healed well and there are no residual symptoms from the tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett Neill
- Department of Dermatology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Colby Bingham
- Department of Dermatology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Kara Braudis
- Department of Dermatology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Susan Zurowski
- Department of Dermatology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
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10
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Tellechea O, Cardoso JC, Reis JP, Ramos L, Gameiro AR, Coutinho I, Baptista AP. Benign follicular tumors. An Bras Dermatol 2016; 90:780-96; quiz 797-8. [PMID: 26734858 PMCID: PMC4689065 DOI: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20154114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Benign follicular tumors comprise a large and heterogeneous group of neoplasms that
share a common histogenesis and display morphological features resembling one or
several portions of the normal hair follicle, or recapitulate part of its
embryological development. Most cases present it as clinically nondescript single
lesions and essentially of dermatological relevance. Occasionally, however, these
lesions be multiple and represent a cutaneous marker of complex syndromes associated
with an increased risk of visceral neoplasms. In this article, the authors present
the microscopic structure of the normal hair follicle as a basis to understand the
type and level of differentiation of the various follicular tumors. The main
clinicopathological features and differential diagnosis of benign follicular tumors
are then discussed, including dilated pore of Winer, pilar sheath acanthoma,
trichoadenoma, trichilemmoma, infundibuloma, proliferating trichilemmal cyst/tumor,
trichoblastoma and its variants, pilomatricoma, trichodiscoma/fibrofolliculoma,
neurofollicular hamartoma and trichofolliculoma. In addition, the main syndromes
presenting with multiple follicular tumors are also discussed, namely Cowden,
Birt-Hogg-Dubé, Rombo and Bazex-Dupré-Christol syndromes, as well as multiple tumors
of follicular infundibulum (infundibulomatosis) and multiple trichoepitheliomas.
Although the diagnosis of follicular tumors relies on histological examination, we
highlight the importance of their knowledge for the clinician, especially when in
presence of patients with multiple lesions that may be the cutaneous marker of a
cancer-prone syndrome. The dermatologist is therefore in a privileged position to
recognize these lesions, which is extremely important to provide further propedeutic,
appropriate referral and genetic counseling for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Tellechea
- Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - José Pedro Reis
- Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Leonor Ramos
- Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Inês Coutinho
- Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Affiliation(s)
- Megha B S Patel
- The Commonwealth Medical College, Scranton, Pennsylvania, USA
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12
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Abstract
Panfolliculoma (PF) is an uncommon benign follicular neoplasm exhibiting differentiation toward all components of a hair follicle. Several pathologic manifestations have been described in a limited number of cases. We studied 19 cases of PF to summarize the clinical parameters and to classify this unique neoplasm histopathologically. A study of the largest sample series of PF has been performed here. The lesions affect both genders after age 20. The head is the most common site of PF of all types. On microscopic examination, all cases demonstrated advanced follicular differentiation by showing cell components of infundibulum, isthmus, stem, bulb, and mesenchymal papilla. Based on the findings and various patterns in histopathology, we classified PF into 3 subtypes: nodular, superficial, and cystic. The superficial and cystic variants account for most of the cases in our study. The histopathologic differential diagnosis is also discussed for each subtype.
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13
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Fedeles F, Cha J, Chaump M, Theroux B, Farrell D, Dufresne R, Robinson-Bostom L. Panfollicular carcinoma or trichoblastic carcinoma with panfollicular differentiation? J Cutan Pathol 2013; 40:976-81. [DOI: 10.1111/cup.12219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2012] [Revised: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 07/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Fedeles
- Department of Dermatology; Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University; Providence; RI; USA
| | - Jisun Cha
- Department of Dermatology, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey; Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital; New Brunswick; NJ; USA
| | - Michael Chaump
- Department of Pathology; Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University; Providence; RI; USA
| | - Brian Theroux
- Department of Dermatology; Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University; Providence; RI; USA
| | - David Farrell
- Department of Dermatology; Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University; Providence; RI; USA
| | - Raymond Dufresne
- Department of Dermatology; Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University; Providence; RI; USA
| | - Leslie Robinson-Bostom
- Department of Dermatology; Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University; Providence; RI; USA
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Idriss MH, Khalil A, Long W, Elston DM. Epidermal panfolliculoma: an adnexal proliferation with advanced follicular differentiation confined to the epidermis. J Cutan Pathol 2013; 40:409-12. [PMID: 23398529 DOI: 10.1111/cup.12088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2012] [Revised: 12/25/2012] [Accepted: 12/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Follicular differentiation can be exhibited by a variety of epidermal lesions. We report an example of panfolliculoma purely confined to the epidermis. The lesion presented as a verrucous plaque on the leg of a 55-year-old man. Histopathologic sections showed an acanthoma with follicular differentiation including areas mimicking the follicular germ, matrix, root sheath and infundibular components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munir H Idriss
- Ackerman Academy of Dermatopathology, New York, NY, USA.
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Abstract
The authors report on a case of panfolliculoma with sebaceous differentiation occurring on the scalp of a 53-year-old white man and discuss the pertinent literature.
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