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Zhang F, Xiao Y, Huang Z, Wang Y, Wan W, Zou H, Wang B, Qiu X, Yang X. Upregulation of GPX4 drives ferroptosis resistance in scleroderma skin fibroblasts. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 221:23-30. [PMID: 38740100 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis (SSC) fibrosis involves the rapid proliferation of skin fibroblasts, and current anti-fibrotic treatments are limited. This study investigated the relationship between ferroptosis and SSC skin fibroblasts. We observed that erastin-induced ferroptosis was suppressed in SSC fibroblasts. RSL3, a direct inhibitor of Glutathione Peroxidase 4 (GPX4), significantly reduced the viability of the fibroblasts, and upregulation of GPX4 in the SSC fibroblasts contributed to ferroptosis resistance. Furthermore, we demonstrated that transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) was a crucial transporter for iron deposition in the fibroblasts. Collectively, our results highlight that GPX4 inhibition could enhance the sensitivity to ferroptosis by SSC fibroblasts, which showed distinct characteristics of iron metabolism that were not observed in normal fibroblasts in this study. Taken together, these results suggest that targeting ferroptosis could be a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of SSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fali Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Yu Xiao
- Department of Rheumatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China; Institute of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Zhongzhou Huang
- Department of Rheumatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China; Institute of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Yingyu Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China; Institute of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Weiguo Wan
- Department of Rheumatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China; Institute of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Hejian Zou
- Department of Rheumatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China; Institute of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Xiaoyan Qiu
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
| | - Xue Yang
- Department of Rheumatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China; Institute of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
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Lavin CV, Abbas DB, Fahy EJ, Lee DK, Griffin M, Diaz Deleon NM, Mascharak S, Chen K, Momeni A, Gurtner GC, Longaker MT, Wan DC. A comparative analysis of deferoxamine treatment modalities for dermal radiation-induced fibrosis. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:10028-10038. [PMID: 34612609 PMCID: PMC8572785 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The iron chelator, deferoxamine (DFO), has been shown to potentially improve dermal radiation‐induced fibrosis (RIF) in mice through increased angiogenesis and reduced oxidative damage. This preclinical study evaluated the efficacy of two DFO administration modalities, transdermal delivery and direct injection, as well as temporal treatment strategies in relation to radiation therapy to address collateral soft tissue fibrosis. The dorsum of CD‐1 nude mice received 30 Gy radiation, and DFO (3 mg) was administered daily via patch or injection. Treatment regimens were prophylactic, during acute recovery, post‐recovery, or continuously throughout the experiment (n = 5 per condition). Measures included ROS‐detection, histology, biomechanics and vascularity changes. Compared with irradiated control skin, DFO treatment decreased oxidative damage, dermal thickness and collagen content, and increased skin elasticity and vascularity. Metrics of improvement in irradiated skin were most pronounced with continuous transdermal delivery of DFO. In summary, DFO administration reduces dermal fibrosis induced by radiation. Although both treatment modalities were efficacious, the transdermal delivery showed greater effect than injection for each temporal treatment strategy. Interestingly, the continuous patch group was more similar to normal skin than to irradiated control skin by most measures, highlighting a promising approach to address detrimental collateral soft tissue injury following radiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher V Lavin
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Darren B Abbas
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Evan J Fahy
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Daniel K Lee
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michelle Griffin
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nestor M Diaz Deleon
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Shamik Mascharak
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kellen Chen
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Arash Momeni
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Geoffrey C Gurtner
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michael T Longaker
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Derrick C Wan
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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Piscatelli JA, Ban J, Lucas AT, Zamboni WC. Complex Factors and Challenges that Affect the Pharmacology, Safety and Efficacy of Nanocarrier Drug Delivery Systems. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:114. [PMID: 33477395 PMCID: PMC7830329 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13010114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Major developments in nanomedicines, such as nanoparticles (NPs), nanosomes, and conjugates, have revolutionized drug delivery capabilities over the past four decades. Although nanocarrier agents provide numerous advantages (e.g., greater solubility and duration of systemic exposure) compared to their small-molecule counterparts, there is considerable inter-patient variability seen in the systemic disposition, tumor delivery and overall pharmacological effects (i.e., anti-tumor efficacy and unwanted toxicity) of NP agents. This review aims to provide a summary of fundamental factors that affect the disposition of NPs in the treatment of cancer and why they should be evaluated during preclinical and clinical development. Furthermore, this chapter will highlight some of the translational challenges associated with elements of NPs and how these issues can only be addressed by detailed and novel pharmacology studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A. Piscatelli
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (J.A.P.); (J.B.); (W.C.Z.)
| | - Jisun Ban
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (J.A.P.); (J.B.); (W.C.Z.)
| | - Andrew T. Lucas
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (J.A.P.); (J.B.); (W.C.Z.)
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Carolina Center of Cancer Nanotechnology Excellence, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - William C. Zamboni
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (J.A.P.); (J.B.); (W.C.Z.)
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Carolina Center of Cancer Nanotechnology Excellence, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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Swaminathan S. Gadolinium toxicity: Iron and ferroportin as central targets. Magn Reson Imaging 2016; 34:1373-1376. [PMID: 27580520 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2016.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Gadolinium-based magnetic resonance (MR) contrast agents (GBCM) causes a devastating systemic fibrosing illness, nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF), in patients with reduced kidney function. GBCM targets iron-recycling CD163- and ferroportin-expressing macrophages to release labile iron that mediates gadolinium toxicity and NSF. GBCA might similarly target iron-rich, ferroportin-expressing structures such as globus pallidus and cerebellar dentate nucleus in the brain to result in metal accumulation and potential toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundararaman Swaminathan
- Division of Nephrology & Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regeneration, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA.
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Bose C, Megyesi JK, Shah SV, Hiatt KM, Hall KA, Karaduta O, Swaminathan S. Evidence Suggesting a Role of Iron in a Mouse Model of Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0136563. [PMID: 26305890 PMCID: PMC4549214 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis is associated with gadolinium contrast exposure in patients with reduced kidney function and carries high morbidity and mortality. We have previously demonstrated that gadolinium contrast agents induce in vivo systemic iron mobilization and in vitro differentiation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells into ferroportin (iron exporter)-expressing fibrocytic cells. In the present study we examined the role of iron in a mouse model of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis. Chronic kidney disease was induced in 8-week-old male Balb/C mice with a two-step 5/6 nephrectomy surgery. Five groups of mice were studied: control (n = 5), sham surgery control (n = 5), chronic kidney disease control (n = 4), chronic kidney disease injected with 0.5 mmol/kg body weight of Omniscan 3 days per week, for a total of 10 injections (n = 8), and chronic kidney disease with Omniscan plus deferiprone, 125 mg/kg, in drinking water (n = 9). Deferiprone was continued for 16 weeks until the end of the experiment. Mice with chronic kidney disease injected with Omniscan developed skin changes characteristic of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis including hair loss, reddening, ulceration, and skin tightening by 10 to 16 weeks. Histopathological sections demonstrated dermal fibrosis with increased skin thickness (0.25±0.06 mm, sham; 0.34±+0.3 mm, Omniscan-injected). Additionally, we observed an increase in tissue infiltration of ferroportin-expressing, fibrocyte-like cells accompanied by tissue iron accumulation in the skin of the Omniscan-treated mice. The deferiprone-treated group had significantly decreased skin thickness (p<0.05) and significantly decreased dermal fibrosis compared to the Omniscan-only group. In addition, iron chelation prevented tissue infiltration of ferroportin-expressing, fibrocyte-like cells. Our in vitro experiments demonstrated that exposure to Omniscan resulted in the release of catalytic iron and this was prevented by the iron chelator deferiprone. Deferiprone inhibited the differentiation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells into ferroportin-expressing cells by immunohistochemical staining and western blot analysis. Our studies support an important role of iron in the pathophysiology of gadolinium chelate toxicity and nephrogenic systemic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chhanda Bose
- Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Renal Section, Medicine Service, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Judit K. Megyesi
- Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Renal Section, Medicine Service, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Sudhir V. Shah
- Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Renal Section, Medicine Service, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Kim M. Hiatt
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Dermatology, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Pathology, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Kimberly A. Hall
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Pathology, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Oleg Karaduta
- Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Renal Section, Medicine Service, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Sundararaman Swaminathan
- Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Renal Section, Medicine Service, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America
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Xu J, Cong M, Park TJ, Scholten D, Brenner DA, Kisseleva T. Contribution of bone marrow-derived fibrocytes to liver fibrosis. Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr 2015; 4:34-47. [PMID: 25713803 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2304-3881.2015.01.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 12/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Since the discovery of fibrocytes in 1994 by Dr. Bucala and colleagues, these bone marrow (BM)-derived collagen Type I producing CD45(+) cells remain the most fascinating cells of the hematopoietic system. Despite recent reports on the emerging contribution of fibrocytes to fibrosis of parenchymal and non-parenchymal organs and tissues, fibrocytes remain the most understudied pro-fibrogenic cellular population. In the past years fibrocytes were implicated in the pathogenesis of liver, skin, lung, and kidney fibrosis by giving rise to collagen type I producing cells/myofibroblasts. Hence, the role of fibrocytes in fibrosis is not well defined since different studies often contain controversial results on the number of fibrocytes recruited to the site of injury versus the number of fibrocyte-derived myofibroblasts in the same fibrotic organ. Furthermore, many studies were based on the in vitro characterization of fibrocytes formed after outgrowth of BM and/or peripheral blood cultures. Therefore, the fibrocyte function(s) still remain(s) lack of understanding, mostly due to (I) the lack of mouse models that can provide complimentary in vivo real-time and cell fate mapping studies of the dynamic differentiation of fibrocytes and their progeny into collagen type I producing cells (and/or possibly, other cell types of the hematopoietic system); (II) the complexity of hematopoietic cell differentiation pathways in response to various stimuli; (III) the high plasticity of hematopoietic cells. Here we summarize the current understanding of the role of CD45(+) collagen type I(+) BM-derived cells in the pathogenesis of liver injury. Based on data obtained from various organs undergoing fibrogenesis or other type of chronic injury, here we also discuss the most recent evidence supporting the critical role of fibrocytes in the mediation of pro-fibrogenic and/or pro-inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xu
- 1 Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA ; 2 Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China ; 3 Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120752, Korea ; 4 Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen 52074, Germany ; 5 Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Min Cong
- 1 Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA ; 2 Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China ; 3 Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120752, Korea ; 4 Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen 52074, Germany ; 5 Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Tae Jun Park
- 1 Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA ; 2 Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China ; 3 Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120752, Korea ; 4 Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen 52074, Germany ; 5 Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - David Scholten
- 1 Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA ; 2 Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China ; 3 Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120752, Korea ; 4 Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen 52074, Germany ; 5 Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - David A Brenner
- 1 Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA ; 2 Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China ; 3 Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120752, Korea ; 4 Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen 52074, Germany ; 5 Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Tatiana Kisseleva
- 1 Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA ; 2 Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China ; 3 Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120752, Korea ; 4 Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen 52074, Germany ; 5 Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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Northcutt AD, Tschen JA. The routine use of iron stain for biopsies of dermatoses of the legs. J Cutan Pathol 2014; 42:717-21. [PMID: 24517257 DOI: 10.1111/cup.12319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2013] [Revised: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 11/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our goal was to study the utility of the routine use of the Gomori iron stain in the evaluation of leg biopsies of inflammatory lesions. METHODS One hundred consecutive skin biopsies from the legs were evaluated with hematoxylin and eosin and Gomori iron stains. Iron positivity was semi-quantitatively graded from trace to 4+. RESULTS Forty-two (42) cases were positive with the Gomori iron stain as follows: stasis dermatitis (14), Schamberg's disease (7), folliculitis (2), psoriasis (2), trauma (2), arthropod bite (2), allergic contact dermatitis (2), lichen simplex chronicus (1), senile purpura (1), vascular ectasia (1), lobular capillary hemangioma (1), scar (1), pretibial pigmented patches (1), tinea (1), lentigo maligna (1), traumatic fat necrosis (1), lichen planus (1) and fixed drug eruption (1). Twelve of 14 cases of stasis dermatitis had 2+ or greater iron staining; 8 cases were 3+ or 4+. All other diagnoses had trace or 1+ staining for iron except for one scar (2+). One of 19 samples (5.3%) of 'normal' leg skin controls showed iron stain positivity, and was graded as trace. CONCLUSIONS After correcting for iron staining in 5.3% of normal leg skin controls, we observed Gomori iron positivity in 36.7% of 100 consecutive leg biopsies. We suggest that routine application of an iron stain on biopsies of dermatoses from the legs is useful. Stasis dermatitis and Schamberg's disease are the most frequent iron positive diagnoses, and the diagnosis is aided by the pattern of hemosiderin deposition. Negative iron stain is also useful in suggesting the presence of melanin pigment in macrophages in lichenoid and other dermatoses. To confirm a truly negative iron stain, study of the section at ×400 rather than ×100 is recommended.
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Abstract
Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) is a rare and a debilitating disease noted uncommonly in patients with impaired renal function when exposed to low-stability gadolinium-based contrast agents (Gd-CAs). According to experimental studies, cytokines released by the stimulation of effector cells such as skin macrophages and peripheral blood monocytes activate circulating fibroblasts which play a major role in the development of NSF lesions. The presence of permissive factors, presumably, provides an environment conducive to facilitate the process of fibrosis. Multiple treatment modalities have been tried with variable success rates. More research is necessary to elucidate the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms which could potentially target the initial steps of fibrosis in these patients. This paper attempts to collate the inferences from the in vivo and in vitro experiments to the clinical observations to understand the pathogenesis of NSF. Schematic representations of receptor-mediated molecular pathways of activation of macrophages and fibroblasts by gadolinium and the final pathway to fibrosis are incorporated in the discussion.
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