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Roles of fermented plant-, dairy- and meat-based foods in the modulation of allergic responses. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Aggarwal S, Sabharwal V, Kaushik P, Joshi A, Aayushi A, Suri M. Postbiotics: From emerging concept to application. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.887642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The microbiome innovation has resulted in an umbrella term, postbiotics, which refers to non-viable microbial cells, metabolic byproducts and their microbial components released after lysis. Postbiotics, modulate immune response, gene expression, inhibit pathogen binding, maintain intestinal barriers, help in controlling carcinogenesis and pathogen infections. Postbiotics have antimicrobial, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties with favorable physiological, immunological, neuro-hormonal, regulatory and metabolic reactions. Consumption of postbiotics relieves symptoms of various diseases and viral infections such as SARS-CoV-2. Postbiotics can act as alternatives for pre-probiotic specially in immunosuppressed patients, children and premature neonates. Postbiotics are used to preserve and enhance nutritional properties of food, elimination of biofilms and skin conditioning in cosmetics. Postbiotics have numerous advantages over live bacteria with no risk of bacterial translocation from the gut to blood, acquisition of antibiotic resistance genes. The process of extraction, standardization, transport, and storage of postbiotic is more natural. Bioengineering techniques such as fermentation technology, high pressure etc., may be used for the synthesis of different postbiotics. Safety assessment and quality assurance of postbiotic is important as they may induce stomach discomfort, sepsis and/or toxic shock. Postbiotics are still in their infancy compared to pre- and pro- biotics but future research in this field may contribute to improved physiological functions and host health. The current review comprehensively summarizes new frontiers of research in postbiotics.
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Tan-Lim CSC, Esteban-Ipac NAR, Mantaring JBV, Chan Shih Yen E, Recto MST, Sison OT, Alejandria MM. Comparative effectiveness of probiotic strains for the treatment of pediatric atopic dermatitis: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2021; 32:124-136. [PMID: 32524647 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current evidence on the use of probiotics in treating atopic dermatitis is inconclusive. This study determined the comparative effectiveness of the different types of probiotic strains in treating pediatric atopic dermatitis. METHODOLOGY Systematic and manual search for all randomized controlled trials available from inception until January 31, 2020, was done. Two independent authors conducted the search, screening, appraisal, and data abstraction. Network meta-analysis was conducted using STATA 14 software. RESULTS Twenty-two studies involving 28 different probiotic strains were included. The top three ranked probiotic strains in terms of efficacy are Mix1 (Bifidobacterium animalis subsp lactis CECT 8145, Bifidobacterium longum CECT 7347, and Lactobacillus casei CECT 9104); Lactobacillus casei DN-114001; and Mix6 (Bifidobacterium bifidum, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei, and Lactobacillus salivarius). Compared with placebo, Mix1 reduces atopic dermatitis symptoms with high certainty evidence (SMD -1.94, 95% CI -2.65 to -1.24; 47 participants). Mix6 compared with placebo probably reduces atopic dermatitis symptoms based on moderate certainty evidence (SMD -0.85, 95% CI -1.50 to -0.20; 40 participants). Lactobacillus casei DN-114001 compared with placebo may reduce atopic dermatitis symptoms based on low certainty evidence (SMD -1.35, 95% CI -2.04 to -0.65). In terms of safety, the highest ranked strain is Lactobacillus fermentum VRI-003, while the lowest ranked strain is Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG. CONCLUSION Certain probiotic preparations show benefit in reducing allergic symptoms in pediatric atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol Stephanie C Tan-Lim
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Natasha Ann R Esteban-Ipac
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Jacinto Blas V Mantaring
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | | | - Marysia Stella T Recto
- Section of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Philippine General Hospital, Manila, Philippines
| | - Olivia T Sison
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology, National Institutes of Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Marissa M Alejandria
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
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D'Auria E, Panelli S, Lunardon L, Pajoro M, Paradiso L, Beretta S, Loretelli C, Tosi D, Perini M, Bedogni G, Abdelsalam A, Fiorina P, Bandi C, Zuccotti GV. Rice flour fermented with Lactobacillus paracasei CBA L74 in the treatment of atopic dermatitis in infants: A randomized, double- blind, placebo- controlled trial. Pharmacol Res 2020; 163:105284. [PMID: 33157233 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
To assess the effect of a fermented rice-flour obtained from Lactobacillus paracasei CBA L74 in managing infants with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis. Infants with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis, aged 6-36 months, were randomly assigned to receive once-daily consumption of rice flour containing heat-killed probiotic Lactobacillus paracasei CBA L74 or placebo for 12 weeks as supplementary approach to topical treatment. Primary outcome was SCORAD index change from baseline to 12 weeks; secondary outcomes were gut microbiota composition, as evaluated by the analysis of fecal samples, and serum cytokines at baseline and at the end of the intervention period in both groups, and steroid usage over the treatment period and one month after stopping it. V3-V4 region of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene was sequenced to evaluate changes in the gut microbiota. SCORAD index decreased over the treatment period in both groups. The difference in the SCORAD change was -2.1 (-5.5 to 1.3; p = 0.223) for the experimental vs. the placebo group, not reaching the minimal clinical difference of 8.7 units. The use of topical steroids, measured as finger tips units, decreased from 4 to 16 weeks, in both groups; the reduction was significantly higher in experimental than in placebo group (p value from Wilcoxon rank sum test = 0.031). No significant differences were observed for cytokines levels between groups. The composition of gut microbiota at the phylum and class taxonomic levels resulted very similar, at baseline and after intervention, in both groups. Similarly, no significant differences were observed in the relative abundance of bacterial genera between groups. In conclusion, though the heat-killed Lactobacillus paracaseiwas not proved to be effective in reducing the severity of atopic dermatitis, it showed a steroid sparing effect the value of which needs to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enza D'Auria
- Department of Paediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - Simona Panelli
- Pediatric Clinical Research Center "Invernizzi", University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Luisa Lunardon
- Department of Paediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Pajoro
- Pediatric Clinical Research Center "Invernizzi", University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Paradiso
- Department of Paediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Beretta
- Department of Paediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristian Loretelli
- Pediatric Clinical Research Center "Invernizzi", University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Diego Tosi
- Department of Paediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Perini
- Pediatric Clinical Research Center "Invernizzi", University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Bedogni
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Liver Research Center, Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Ahmed Abdelsalam
- Pediatric Clinical Research Center Fondazione Romeo e Enrica Invernizzi, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science L. Sacco, University of Milan, Milan
| | - Paolo Fiorina
- Pediatric Clinical Research Center Fondazione Romeo e Enrica Invernizzi, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science L. Sacco, University of Milan, Milan; Nephrology Division, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Enders Building 5th Floor Room EN511, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Claudio Bandi
- Pediatric Clinical Research Center Fondazione Romeo e Enrica Invernizzi, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science L. Sacco, University of Milan, Milan
| | - Gian Vincenzo Zuccotti
- Department of Paediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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The Role of Environmental Exposures in Atopic Dermatitis. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2020; 20:74. [PMID: 33047271 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-020-00971-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Although genetic factors clearly play a role in the development of atopic dermatitis (AD), the recent dramatic increase in the prevalence of AD in low- and middle-income countries is not consistent with only a role of genetic factors. These findings strongly suggest that environmental factors may play an important role in the pathogenesis of AD. RECENT FINDINGS We reviewed the role of gene-environment studies; in utero exposures including tobacco smoke, alcohol, maternal stress, various digestive supplements, and gestational diabetes; early-life exposures including diet, gut microbiota, antibiotics, and breastfeeding; climate including temperature, ultraviolet radiation exposure, and air pollution; and household products, indoor allergens, water hardness, pH, and skin microbiota and their effects on AD. Environmental factors definitely play a role in the pathogenesis of AD. However, identifying definitive factors continues to be difficult in the setting of conflicting evidence and the complex interactions between genotypes and the environment resulting in a multitude of AD phenotypes. All of the different environmental interactions discussed highlight the importance of intervening on multiple levels in a patient's environment to improve or even prevent AD symptoms. Further, the importance of modifying environmental factors early on in a person's life is demonstrated. When possible, all of these environmental factors should be considered in treating a patient with AD and the appropriate modifications should be made at population and individual levels.
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