1
|
Gan C, Rodrigues M. An Update on New and Existing Treatments for the Management of Melasma. Am J Clin Dermatol 2024; 25:717-733. [PMID: 38896402 PMCID: PMC11358250 DOI: 10.1007/s40257-024-00863-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Melasma is a chronic, acquired disorder of focal hypermelanosis that carries significant psychosocial impact and is challenging for both the patient and the treating practitioner to manage in the medium to long term. Multiple treatments have been explored, often in combination given the many aetiological factors involved in its pathogenesis. Therapeutic discoveries to treat melasma are a focal topic in the literature and include a range of modalities, with recent developments including updates on visible light photoprotection, non-hydroquinone depigmenting agents, oral tranexamic acid, chemical peels, and laser and energy-based device therapy for melasma. It is increasingly important yet challenging to remain up-to-date on the arsenal of treatments available for melasma to find an efficacious and well-tolerated option for our patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Gan
- Department of Dermatology, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Michelle Rodrigues
- Department of Dermatology, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
- Chroma Dermatology, Pigment and Skin of Colour Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ismail SA, Mohamed GA, Mohamedeen KN, Sotohy RSA, Bakr RM. Does Systemic Metformin Have a Role in Treating Melasma? Dermatol Surg 2024; 50:366-371. [PMID: 38416809 DOI: 10.1097/dss.0000000000004092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melasma is a common pigmentary condition that affects the patients' quality of life and all the prescribed treatment options till now are not satisfactory, especially in dark-skinned patients. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of systemic metformin (1,000 mg and 500 mg) combined with trichloroacetic acid (TCA) peeling versus TCA alone in the treatment of melasma. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study included 60 melasma patients divided into 3 groups: Group A received systemic metformin (1000 mg/d), Group B received systemic metformin (500 mg/d) and Group C received placebo. The 3 treatment groups were treated by TCA 25% over the whole face bimonthly for a total of 6 sessions. Melasma area and severity index (MASI), and Melasma impact Quality of life Scale (MELASQOL) were used to assess the outcome. RESULTS There was a statistically significant decrease in the MASI, and the MELASQOL in the 3 studied groups after treatment with significantly better improvement in Group (A) than Group (C) ( p = .045). CONCLUSION Systemic metformin is a safe and promising therapeutic option for treating melasma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sahar A Ismail
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University Hospitals, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ghada A Mohamed
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University Hospitals, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Karima N Mohamedeen
- Department of Dermatology, Resident in Assiut Dermatology Clinic, Assuit, Egypt
| | - Rehab S A Sotohy
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assuit, Egypt
| | - Radwa M Bakr
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University Hospitals, Assiut, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jiryis B, Toledano O, Avitan-Hersh E, Khamaysi Z. Management of Melasma: Laser and Other Therapies-Review Study. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1468. [PMID: 38592701 PMCID: PMC10932414 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13051468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Melasma is a commonly occurring pigmented skin condition that can significantly affect one's appearance, described as symmetric hyperpigmentation that presents as irregular brown to gray-brown macules on various facial areas, such as the cheeks, forehead, nasal bridge, and upper lip, along with the mandible and upper arms. Due to its complex pathogenesis and recurrent nature, melasma management is challenging and the outcomes following treatment are not always deemed satisfactory. Solely treating hyperpigmentation may prove ineffective unless paired with regenerative techniques and photoprotection, since one of the main reasons for recurrence is sun exposure. Hence, the treatment protocol starts with addressing risk factors, implementing stringent UV protection, and then treatment using different strategies, like applying topical treatments, employing chemical peels, laser and light therapies, microneedling, and systemic therapy. This review aims to provide a summary of the effectiveness and safety of the frequently employed laser and light therapies for treating melasma, focusing on laser therapy as a treatment for melasma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Badea Jiryis
- Department of Dermatology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa 3109601, Israel; (B.J.); (E.A.-H.)
- Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion Institute of Technology, Haifa 3525433, Israel
| | | | - Emily Avitan-Hersh
- Department of Dermatology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa 3109601, Israel; (B.J.); (E.A.-H.)
- Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion Institute of Technology, Haifa 3525433, Israel
| | - Ziad Khamaysi
- Department of Dermatology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa 3109601, Israel; (B.J.); (E.A.-H.)
- Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion Institute of Technology, Haifa 3525433, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Trichloroacetic Acid With Microneedling Versus Trichloroacetic Acid Alone for Treating Melasma. Dermatol Surg 2023; 49:66-71. [PMID: 36533799 DOI: 10.1097/dss.0000000000003641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melasma is a common acquired disorder of hyperpigmentation which is difficult to treat. OBJECTIVE We aim to evaluate the efficacy and safety of combined microneedling with trichloroacetic acid in the treatment of melasma. PATIENTS AND METHODS Forty women with facial melasma were included and randomly classified into 2 groups. Group A included 20 patients treated with bimonthly session of trichloroacetic acid 25% peeling (8 sessions) combined with a monthly session of microneedling (4 sessions). Group B included the other 20 patients that were treated by bimonthly trichloroacetic acid 25% peeling session (8 sessions) alone. RESULTS After 1 and 3 months of treatment, the mean melasma area and severity index, modified melasma area and severity index, and melasma severity index scores showed significant improvement in each group (p < .05 for each). At 1 and 3 months, the mean percentages of change of all scores were significantly higher in group A than group B (p < .05). CONCLUSION Combined trichloroacetic acid peel with microneedling is effective and a safe option for treating melasma.
Collapse
|
5
|
Mahajan VK, Patil A, Blicharz L, Kassir M, Konnikov N, Gold MH, Goldman MP, Galadari H, Goldust M. Medical therapies for Melasma. J Cosmet Dermatol 2022; 21:3707-3728. [PMID: 35854432 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Melasma is a common malady affecting all races with a higher incidence in Hispanics, Middle Eastern, Asians and African origin females (Fitzpatrick skin phototypes III-V). Women are affected much more often than men. Melasma remains a significant cause of cosmetic morbidity and psychosocial embarrassment affecting quality of life necessitating effective and reliable treatment. Unfortunately, treatment remains unsatisfactory due to limited efficacy, adverse effects and relapses after stopping treatment. Although chemical peels, laser and light therapies and dermabrasion may have utility, the evidence available for their efficacy is limited and they often cause post inflammatory hyperpigmentation particularly in individuals with darker skin types. Medical therapies remain mainstay in the management of melasma. The triple combination, hydroquinone 4%, tretinoin 0.05% and fluocinolone acetonide 0.01% (Triluma, Galderma, Ft. Worth Texas, often modified incorporating different corticosteroids) remains the only US FDA approved treatment for melasma and is the gold standard due its demonstrated efficacy across ethnicities. Oral tranexamic acid alone or in combination with other modalities has also shown significant efficacy. Several cosmeceuticals and botanical extracts used as skin lightening agents have been demonstrated to be useful. Physical sunscreens containing zinc oxide, iron oxide, titanium dioxide, and silicones provide photoprotective and camouflage effect. We propose that a multimodality approach to the treatment of melasma is the most effective treatment approach. This review is focused on the medical therapies for melasma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vikram K Mahajan
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology & Leprosy Dr. Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College Kangra, Tanda, India
| | - Anant Patil
- Department of Pharmacology, Dr. DY Patil Medical College, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Leszek Blicharz
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Martin Kassir
- Founding director, Worldwide laser institute, Dallas, USA
| | | | - Michael H Gold
- Gold Skin Care Center, Tennessee Clinical Research Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Mitchel P Goldman
- Cosmetic Laser Dermatology: A West Dermatology Company, San Diego, CA, USA.,Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Hassan Galadari
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohamad Goldust
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lai D, Zhou S, Cheng S, Liu H, Cui Y. Laser therapy in the treatment of melasma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lasers Med Sci 2022; 37:2099-2110. [PMID: 35122202 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-022-03514-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Melasma is a highly prevalent and cosmetically disfiguring pigmented skin disease. The post-treatment results are often unsatisfactory. A large number of clinical trials have tried to prove the effectiveness of the combination therapy involving laser therapy, but the results have been indeterminate. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of laser treatment for melasma via a systematic review and meta-analysis. We respectively searched 4 databases and clinicaltrials.gov as of June 8, 2021. Two researchers independently searched for literature and extracted data. Study outcomes were computed by weighted mean differences (WMD). All statistical analyses were performed by the Review Manager version 5.3, STATA version 14 software at 95% confidence interval. We obtained 22 eligible studies which involved a total of 694 patients. After the heterogeneity test and sensitivity analysis, we took a subgroup meta-analysis on the before and after treatment of different laser types. We found that most lasers and laser-based combinations were associated with reduced melasma area and severity index (MASI), such as low-fluence Q-switch 1,064-nm Nd: YAG laser (QSNYL) (WMD: - 2.76; 95% CI: - 3.53 to - 1.99), fractional ablative CO2 laser (WMD: - 9.36; 95% CI: - 12.51 to - 6.21), and fractional ablative 2940-nm Er: YAG laser (WMD: - 2,72; 95% CI: - 3.94 to - 1.49). Significant decrease was seen in neither MASI score of non-ablative 1550-nm fractional laser (WMD: - 1.29; 95% CI: - 2.80 to 0.21) and picosecond laser (WMD: - 0.58; 95% CI: - 1.43 to 0.27), nor melanin index (MI) of low-fluence QSNYL treatment (WMD: 10.17; 95% CI: - 4.11 to 24.46). When using laser to treat melasma, various adverse reactions may occur, most of which will resolve quickly without subsequent treatment, such as edema, erythema, scaling, and burning sensation after treatment. However, for patients with darker skin, there are risks of postinflammatory hyperpigmentation and hypopigmentation. The laser and laser-based combination treatment for melasma could significantly reduce the MASI score, which was showed by our systematic review and meta-analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dihui Lai
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing ChuiYangLiu Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shaona Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing ChuiYangLiu Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shaowei Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing ChuiYangLiu Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hongmei Liu
- Department of Dermatology, MEIYAN Aesthetic Plastic Medical Clinic, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Cui
- Department of Dermatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, NO.2 Yinghua East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abdel-Motaleb AA, Bakr RM. Microdermabrasion assisted delivery of glycolic acid 70% peel for the treatment of melasma in dark-skinned patients. Dermatol Ther 2021; 34:e15025. [PMID: 34089564 DOI: 10.1111/dth.15025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Melasma is a disfiguring dermatologic condition and its treatment is still considered a challenge. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of microdermabrasion (MDA) combined with glycolic acid 70% (GA70%) peel versus GA70% alone in treating melasma in dark-skinned patients. This study included 30 female patients (skin type IV and V) with melasma. After cleansing the face, 3 passes of MDA were done on one side of the face. Then, GA70% was applied to the whole face in 1-2 uniform passes. Melasma area and severity index (MASI), modified MASI and hemi-MASI scores were used to assess the outcome. A significant decline of the mean MASI, mMASI and both hemi-MASI scores following treatment (p value = 0.000 for each). Furthermore, the hemi-MASI score on the MDA/GA70% treated side showed significantly greater decrease than the hemi-MASI score on GA70% treated side (p value = 0.041). MDA enhanced the improvement of GA70% peel effectively and safely.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amira A Abdel-Motaleb
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University Hospitals, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Radwa M Bakr
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University Hospitals, Assiut, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Modified Jessner's Solution Combined With Trichloroacetic Acid 20% Versus Glycolic Acid 70% Combined With Trichloroacetic Acid 20% in the Treatment of Melasma. Dermatol Surg 2021; 47:e179-e183. [PMID: 33625140 DOI: 10.1097/dss.0000000000002964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melasma is an acquired challenging pigmentary skin problem, which commonly affects the face. A wide range of therapeutic modalities is available, yet none is satisfactory. OBJECTIVE To compare efficacy and safety of trichloroacetic acid (TCA) 20% peeling with either modified Jessner's solution (MJs) or with glycolic acid (GA) 70% peeling in the treatment of melasma. PATIENTS AND METHODS Thirty adult Egyptian women with melasma were recruited in the study. After cleansing the face, MJs was applied on one side of the face and GA 70% on the other side. Then, TCA 20% was applied in one uniform coat on both sides of the face. Assessment of the clinical response was guided by calculating the melasma area, severity index (MASI), modified MASI, and hemi-MASI scores before and after the end of treatment. RESULTS Both combinations showed significant reduction in MASI, modified MASI, and hemi-MASI scores (p value = .000, for each). Moreover, the hemi-MASI score after MJs and TCA20% showed a significant decrease compared with GA70% and TCA20% (p value = .013). CONCLUSION Both modalities are successful, safe options for treating melasma. Moreover, combining MJs with TCA 20% is more efficacious.
Collapse
|
9
|
Dev T, Sreenivas V, Sharma VK, Sahni K, Bhari N, Sethuraman G. A split face randomized controlled trial comparing 1,064 nm Q-switched Nd-YAG laser and modified Kligman's formulation in patients with melasma in darker skin. Int J Dermatol 2020; 59:1525-1530. [PMID: 33017045 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.15229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND No randomized studies compared the efficacy and safety of modified Kligman's triple combination (TC) with 1,064 nm Q-switched Nd-YAG laser (QSNYL) in melasma in darker skin. OBJECTIVES To compare the efficacy and safety of QSNYL and TC in the treatment of melasma in Fitzpatrick skin types IV and V. METHODS In this split face randomized controlled trial, participants' cheeks were randomized to receive either weekly QSNYL (group A) or daily TC (group B) for 12 weeks, followed by 12 weeks of follow-up. RESULTS Twenty-eight patients completed the intervention, and 21 of them completed follow-up. We found a significant but modest reduction in mean melanin index, modified Melasma Area Severity Index (MASI), and photographic and patient's assessment in both modalities (P < 0.01). No significant differences were detected between the groups. All patients had reappearance of pigmentation by the end of follow-up. Adverse reactions were significantly more in group B (P < 0.001). LIMITATION The desired sample size could not be achieved. CONCLUSION AND RELEVENCE No statistically significant differences were observed between QSNYL and TC as monotherapy in melasma. Reappearance of melasma is inevitable after stopping treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanvi Dev
- Department of Dermatology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Vinod K Sharma
- Department of Dermatology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Kanika Sahni
- Department of Dermatology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Neetu Bhari
- Department of Dermatology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Gomathy Sethuraman
- Department of Dermatology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Atwa MA, Ahmed AH, Nada HA, Refaey SM, Jafferany M, Elsaie ML. Combined chemical peels versus trichloroacetic acid (TCA) for treating melasma: A split face study. J DERMATOL TREAT 2020; 33:959-964. [PMID: 32649234 DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2020.1793888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Melasma is common skin condition presenting with hyperpigmentation. To evaluate the efficacy, tolerance, and complications of one session of combined chemical peels compared to traditional serial sessions of trichloroacetic acid (TCA) peeling in treating melasma. One session of combined chemical peels was carried out at the left side of the face, while six sessions of TCA 15% peel were carried out at the right side of the face every 10 days. The Modified Melasma Area and Severity Index (MASI) score was calculated at baseline (before starting peeling sessions), after one month (at the fourth TCA peeling session), and after three months (one month after the last TCA peeling session). Both sides of the face showed gradual reduction in modified MASI score throughout sessions. By the end of the study, the TCA-treated side showed slightly lower mean modified MASI score than the combined chemical peels-treated side of the face; however this difference was not statistically significant, (p = 0.405). A single session of combined chemical peels is as effective as six sessions of TCA peel in treatment of melasma. Combined chemical peels can be used as a convenient, tolerable and time saving safe procedure for treating melasma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mona A Atwa
- Department of Dermatology, Suez Canal university, Egypt
| | - Amal H Ahmed
- Department of Dermatology, Suez Canal university, Egypt
| | - Hesham A Nada
- Department of Dermatology, Suez Canal university, Egypt
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Agamia N, Apalla Z, Salem W, Abdallah W. A comparative study between oral tranexamic acid versus oral tranexamic acid and Q-switched Nd-YAG laser in melasma treatment: a clinical and dermoscopic evaluation. J DERMATOL TREAT 2020; 32:819-826. [DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2019.1708847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naglaa Agamia
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Zoe Apalla
- State Hospital for Dermatologic and Venereologic Diseases, Thessalonik, Greece
| | - Walaa Salem
- Hospital Administration, High Institute of Public Health. Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Wafaa Abdallah
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Hofny ERM, Abdel-Motaleb AA, Ghazally A, Ahmed AM, Hussein MRA. Platelet-rich plasma is a useful therapeutic option in melasma. J DERMATOL TREAT 2018; 30:396-401. [DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2018.1524821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eman R. M. Hofny
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Assiut University Hospitals, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Amira A. Abdel-Motaleb
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Assiut University Hospitals, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Alaa Ghazally
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Assiut University Hospitals, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Asmaa Mahmoud Ahmed
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Assiut University Hospitals, Assiut, Egypt
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Saleh F, Moftah NH, Abdel-Azim E, Gharieb MG. Q-switched Nd: YAG laser alone or with modified Jessner chemical peeling for treatment of mixed melasma in dark skin types: A comparative clinical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical study. J Cosmet Dermatol 2017; 17:319-327. [DOI: 10.1111/jocd.12444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Saleh
- Department of Dermatology; STDs and Andrology; Faculty of Medicine; Minia University; Al-Minya Egypt
| | - Noha H Moftah
- Department of Dermatology; STDs and Andrology; Faculty of Medicine; Minia University; Al-Minya Egypt
| | - Eman Abdel-Azim
- Department of Dermatology; STDs and Andrology; Faculty of Medicine; Minia University; Al-Minya Egypt
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
LaRosa C, Chiaravalloti A, Jinna S, Berger W, Finch J. Laser treatment of medical skin disease in women. Int J Womens Dermatol 2017; 3:131-139. [PMID: 28831422 PMCID: PMC5555278 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijwd.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Laser treatment is a relatively new and increasingly popular modality for the treatment of many dermatologic conditions. A number of conditions that predominantly occur in women and that have a paucity of effective treatments include rosacea, connective tissue disease, melasma, nevus of Ota, lichen sclerosus (LS), notalgia paresthetica and macular amyloidosis, and syringomas. Laser therapy is an important option for the treatment of patients with these conditions. This article will review the body of literature that exists for the laser treatment of women with these medical conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C. LaRosa
- Department of Dermatology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT
| | - A. Chiaravalloti
- Department of Dermatology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT
| | - S. Jinna
- Department of Dermatology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT
| | - W. Berger
- Frank H. Netter MD School of Medicine, Quinnipiac University, North, Haven, CT
| | - J. Finch
- Department of Dermatology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Combined Jessner Solution and Trichloroacetic Acid Versus Trichloroacetic Acid Alone in the Treatment of Melasma in Dark-Skinned Patients. Dermatol Surg 2017; 43:651-656. [DOI: 10.1097/dss.0000000000001036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
16
|
Reliability, Validity, and Sensitivity to Change Overtime of the Modified Melasma Area and Severity Index Score. Dermatol Surg 2017; 43:210-217. [DOI: 10.1097/dss.0000000000000974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
17
|
Alavi S, Abolhasani E, Asadi S, Nilforoushzadeh M. Combination of Q-Switched Nd:YAG and Fractional Erbium:YAG Lasers in Treatment of Melasma: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. J Lasers Med Sci 2017; 8:1-6. [PMID: 28912936 DOI: 10.15171/jlms.2017.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Ablative and nonablative lasers have been used to treat melasma. We aimed to assess and compare the combining Q-switched Nd:YAG laser (QSNYL) and fractional erbium:YAG laser (FEYL) with QSNYL alone in treatment of melasma. Methods: This randomized controlled clinical trial was performed in our Research Center during 2013-2014. Women with melasma and without a history of keloid formation, hypersensitivity to hydroquinone, or pigmentary changes due to laser therapy were randomly allocated to receive four sessions of either QSNYL-FEYL combination or QSNYL alone. All patients received topical treatment with Kligman's formula. Before laser therapy and 4 weeks after the last treatment session, patients' skin was assessed for changes in skin color, melanin content, and erythema intensity of melasma lesions quantitatively. Results: Finally, 21 patients in QSNYL-FEYL and 20 in QSNYL group (mean age, 38.57 [5.60] and 42.60 [8.44] years, respectively) completed study. The skin color had become lighter in both groups (mean [SD] percentage change of 56.95 [40.29] and 29.25 [13.20] in QSNYL-FEYL and QSNYL groups, respectively) with significantly better results in QSNYL-FEYL group (P = 0.006). Percentage of decrease of melanin content was significantly higher in QSNYL-FEYL group (22.01 [10.67] vs. 7.69 [4.75]; P < 0.001). After adjustment for baseline values, the post treatment intensity of erythema was significantly lower in QSNYL-FEYL group (P < 0.001). The patients reported no adverse events. Conclusion: QSNYL-FEYL was significantly more effective in decreasing melanin content of lesions than QSNYL and led to a lighter skin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Alavi
- Skin Diseases and Leishmaniasis Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Skin and Stem Cell Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Abolhasani
- Skin and Stem Cell Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sharin Asadi
- Skin and Stem Cell Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sarkar R, Aurangabadkar S, Salim T, Das A, Shah S, Majid I, Singh M, Ravichandran G, Godse K, Arsiwala S, Arya L, Gokhale N, Sarma N, Torsekar RG, Sonthalia S, Somani VK. Lasers in Melasma: A Review with Consensus Recommendations by Indian Pigmentary Expert Group. Indian J Dermatol 2017; 62:585-590. [PMID: 29263531 PMCID: PMC5724305 DOI: 10.4103/ijd.ijd_488_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Lasers have come up as the newest therapeutic modality in dermatological conditions including melasma. In this article, as a group of experts from Pigmentary Disorders Society in collaboration with South Asian Pigmentary Disorders Forum (SPF), we have tried to discuss the lasers which have been used in melasma and formulate simple consensus guidelines. Following thorough literature search, we have summarised the rationale of using the lasers and the supporting evidences have also been provided. It is clear that laser cannot be the first line treatment for melasma. However, it can be used as an adjuvant therapy in resistant cases, provided the selection of patient and counselling has been done properly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Sarkar
- Department of Dermatology, Maulana Azad Medical College and Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | | | - T Salim
- Consultant Dermatologist, Cutis Institute of Dermatology and Aesthetic Sciences, Calicut, Kerala, India
| | - Anupam Das
- Dermatology, KPC Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Swapnil Shah
- Consultant Dermatologist, Solapur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Imran Majid
- Dermatology, Govt Medical College, Srinagar, Kashmir, India
| | - Mohan Singh
- Consultant Dermatologist, Mohan Singh Diseases Hospital, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - G Ravichandran
- Senior Consultant and Coordinator, Dermatology, Apollo Hospitals, Chennai, India
| | - Kiran Godse
- Dermatology, D Y Patil Hospital, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Shehnaz Arsiwala
- Consultant Dermatologist, Saifee Hospital, Prince Aly Khan Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Latika Arya
- Consultant Dermatologist, L A Skin & Aesthetic Clinic, New Delhi, India
| | - Narendra Gokhale
- Consultant Dermatologist, Sklinic Skin Clinic, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Nilendu Sarma
- Dermatology, Dr. B.C. Roy Postgraduate Institute of Pediatric Sciences, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - R G Torsekar
- Consultant Dermatologist, Fortis Hospital, Mulund, Mumbai, India
| | - Sidharth Sonthalia
- Consultant Dermatologist, Skinnocence: The Skin Clinic, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - V K Somani
- Consultant Dermatologist, Skintrendz, Himayat Nagar, Hyderabad, India
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Sarma N, Chakraborty S, Poojary SA, Rathi S, Kumaran S, Nirmal B, Felicita J, Sarkar R, Jaiswal P, D'Souza P, Donthula N, Sethi S, Ailawadi P, Joseph B. Evidence-based Review, Grade of Recommendation, and Suggested Treatment Recommendations for Melasma. Indian Dermatol Online J 2017; 8:406-442. [PMID: 29204385 PMCID: PMC5707834 DOI: 10.4103/idoj.idoj_187_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment of melasma is known to be less satisfactory, often incomplete, and relapse is frequent. Although many treatment options are available, they are either known to be unsafe on long-term use or their long-term safety profile is unknown. Patients often use various drugs, even topical steroid-based preparation without any medical supervision for long period of time, making the skin unsuitable for many of the drugs available. Thus, there has been gross disparity among the treating physician about what drugs and what regimen are best suitable for various categories of melasma patients and in different situations. With this background, numerous newer drugs, mostly combinations of some proprietary molecules or even unknown plant extracts, have flooded the market for the management of melasma. Information on efficacy or safety of these products are almost unknown. Studies on Asian people, especially Indian population, are far less commonly available. Therapeutic guideline for use on Indian patients with melasma is almost missing. Extrapolation of data from Caucasian people for use on Asian people may not be scientifically justifiable because Caucasian and Asian people are known to have inherent difference in their response as well as tolerance to the drugs used for melasma. With this background, we have extensively evaluated, following a strict, scientifically designed protocol, all the available studies on melasma management till May 2016 and prepared this document on level of evidence, grade of recommendation and suggested therapeutic guideline for melasma as per the method proposed by Oxford Centre of Evidence-Based Medicine. Various ethical, social, logical, regional, and economic issues in the context of Indian and similar populations were given due importance while preparing the suggested therapeutic recommendation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nilendu Sarma
- Department of Dermatology, Dr B C Roy Post Graduate Institute of Pediatric Science, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Shital A Poojary
- Department of Dermatology, K J Somaiya Medical College, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Sendhil Kumaran
- Department of Dermatology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Balakrishnan Nirmal
- Department of Dermatology, Velammal Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Joan Felicita
- Department of Dermatology, Dr. Somervell Memorial CSI Medical College, Karakonam, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
| | - Rashmi Sarkar
- Department of Dermatology, Maulana Azad Medical College and Lok Nayak Hospital, Basaidarapur, New Delhi, India
| | - Prashansa Jaiswal
- ESI- Post Graduate Institute of Medical Science and Research, Basaidarapur, New Delhi, India
| | - Paschal D'Souza
- ESI- Post Graduate Institute of Medical Science and Research, Basaidarapur, New Delhi, India
| | - Nagaraju Donthula
- Department of Dermatology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sumit Sethi
- Department of Dermatology, Maulana Azad Medical College and Lok Nayak Hospital, Basaidarapur, New Delhi, India
| | - Pallavi Ailawadi
- Department of Dermatology, Maulana Azad Medical College and Lok Nayak Hospital, Basaidarapur, New Delhi, India
| | - Bebisha Joseph
- Department of Dermatology, Dr. Somervell Memorial CSI Medical College, Karakonam, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Gokalp H, Akkaya AD, Oram Y. Long-term results in low-fluence 1064-nm Q-Switched Nd:YAG laser for melasma: Is it effective? J Cosmet Dermatol 2016; 15:420-426. [DOI: 10.1111/jocd.12253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hilal Gokalp
- Department of Dermatology; Koç University School of Medicine; Istanbul Turkey
| | - Ayse Deniz Akkaya
- Department of Dermatology; Koç University School of Medicine; Istanbul Turkey
| | - Yasemin Oram
- Department of Dermatology; Amerikan Hastanesi; Istanbul Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhou HL, Hu B, Zhang C. Efficacy of 694-nm fractional Q-switched ruby laser (QSRL) combined with sonophoresis on levorotatory vitamin C for treatment of melasma in Chinese patients. Lasers Med Sci 2016; 31:991-5. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-016-1938-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
22
|
Commentary on Clinical and Histopathological Assessment of Facial Melasma After Low-Fluence Q-Switched Neodymium-Doped Yttrium Aluminium Garnet Laser. Dermatol Surg 2016; 42:513-4. [PMID: 26949932 DOI: 10.1097/dss.0000000000000651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|