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Christen MO. Collagen Stimulators in Body Applications: A Review Focused on Poly-L-Lactic Acid (PLLA). Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2022; 15:997-1019. [PMID: 35761856 PMCID: PMC9233565 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s359813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The number of aesthetic procedures performed worldwide continues to grow together with an increase in the population seeking the restoration or preservation of a youthful appearance. Requests for non-surgical body rejuvenation are increasing. Patients are looking for safe and effective minimally invasive aesthetic procedures. Soft-tissue dermal fillers can meet these expectations. Based on the beneficial outcomes of these treatments in many facial areas, a new trend is developing to target body areas. Different dermal fillers are available and include collagen stimulators initially developed to restore facial volume. Furthermore, they are associated with long-lasting efficiency, a high level of patient satisfaction and a good safety profile, with mainly minor adverse events reported. In appropriate conditions of use, they are now used for body rejuvenation in clinical practice. Their use is expanding and allows addressing various issues including volume loss, skin laxity, cellulite, striae distensae and wrinkles. This review focuses on poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA), used in the first collagen stimulator and one of the most investigated in facial and in off-facial body applications. The available published data, although still limited, are presented by body area, neck and chest, buttocks, abdomen, upper arms, thighs, knees, and hands. Key features of the concerned zones and the main clinical signs affecting the body part as well as the injection modalities are provided along with the aesthetic results. This represents the state of the art on which to base further developments necessary for optimal and safe outcomes of treatment with the PLLA-based collagen stimulators and others in this class for body rejuvenation.
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Guida S, Longhitano S, Spadafora M, Lazzarotto A, Farnetani F, Zerbinati N, Pellacani G, Galadari H. Hyperdiluted calcium hydroxylapatite for the treatment of skin laxity of the neck. Dermatol Ther 2021; 34:e15090. [PMID: 34363289 DOI: 10.1111/dth.15090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Despite being a common concern, there are very few minimally invasive treatments targeting neck skin laxity (NSL) reported in the literature. To assess the efficacy of hyperdiluted calcium hydroxyapatite (hy-CaHA) for the treatment of NSL, according to the NSL scale, and to estimate safety. Twenty patients showing NSL were treated with hy-CaHA 1:2. To evaluate the efficacy of hy-CaHA treatment for NSL, pictures of treated subjects were collected before and 3 months after treatment and graded according to the NSL scale, and T-student's test was applied to estimate differences. Hy-CaHA for the neck was effective according to the previously unreported NSL scale (p < 0.001) and safe. There were no major adverse events reported. This study supports the efficacy (according to the NSL scale) and safety of hy-CaHA (1:2) for NSL. Our results also highlight the utility of the newly developed NSL scale, being a useful tool to evaluate the level of NSL before treatment and to measure the outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Guida
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences related to Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Sabrina Longhitano
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences related to Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Marco Spadafora
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences related to Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Andrea Lazzarotto
- Maxillofacial Surgery Unit, Academic Hospital of Udine, Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Francesca Farnetani
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences related to Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Nicola Zerbinati
- Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Giovanni Pellacani
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences related to Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Dermatology Clinic, Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Hassan Galadari
- Department of Dermatology, United Arab Emirates University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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