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Association of GSTT1, GSTM1 and GSTP1 (Ile105Val) mRNA Expression with Cardiometabolic Risk Parameters in Women with Breast Cancer and Comorbidities. CARDIOGENETICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/cardiogenetics12030022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) and cardiometabolic diseases share a multifactorial and modifiable etiology, modulated by complex molecular pathways. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) plays a critical role, providing protection against xenobiotics and regulating levels of enzymes and proteins in the cell. GST variants have a significant impact on susceptibility to diseases whose pathogenesis involves oxidative stress, as is the case in many inflammatory diseases such as BC and cardiometabolic pathologies. However, the expression of these polymorphic variants has not been studied in BC. This study aimed to evaluate the presence of GST mRNA isoforms and their association with clinical and cardiometabolic parameters in women with BC. This was a case-control study, and a total of 57 participants were recruited. Concentrations of glucose and lipids in blood were measured in all the participants. GST variants (GSTT1, GSTM1 and GSTP1 Ile105Val polymorphism) were evaluated in all the participants by real-time PCR analysis. There was a significant association (p < 0.05) between the frequency of GSTP1 and LDL-c in the BC group. However, the control group showed significant associations between blood pressure with GSTT1 and GSTP1 variants with total cholesterol (TC), LDL-c, VLDL-c and triacylglycerols (TG). Therefore, GSTT1 and GSTP1 variants could be emerging biomarkers to discriminate between BC cases related or not to cardiometabolic disease factors.
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Sanaa N, Habbal R, Kassogue Y, Kaltoum ABO, Farah K, Majda H, Rhizlane AE, Nadifi S, Dehbi H. Analysis of the influence of glutathione S-transferase ( GSTM1 and GSTT1) genes on the risk of essential hypertension. Ann Hum Biol 2022; 48:585-589. [PMID: 35132887 DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2022.2039291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Essential hypertension (EH) results from a complex interaction between environmental factors and an individual's genetic background. AIM To assess the relationship between polymorphisms in GSTM1 and GSTT1 and the risk of EH. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A multiplex-PCR was used to identify the genotypic profiles of GSTM1 and GSTT1 in 160 patients and 210 controls. RESULTS The frequency of GSTM1-null genotype was higher in patients younger than 61 years when compared to those over 61 years. Interestingly, GSTT1-null was significantly associated with the risk of EH (OR 4; 95% CI 2.6-6.3; p < 0.0001). While GSTM1-null showed no trend (OR 0.7; 95% CI 0.5-1.1, p = 0.12). Individuals carrying the combined GSTT1-null/GSTM1-null were 2.4 times more at risk for hypertension compared to those harbouring the combined GSTT1-present/GSTM1-present genotype (OR 2.4; 95% CI 1.3-4.4; p = 0.005). Additionally, the presence of the combined GSTT1-null/GSTM1-present was associated with an increased risk of EH compared to GSTT1-present/GSTM1-present carriers (OR 6.75; 95% CI 3.4-13.2; p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION This study showed that the GSTT1-null alone or in interaction with GSTM1-present or GSTM1-null was associated with higher risk of hypertension. Moreover, the GSTM1-null seems to be associated with the age of onset of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nassereddine Sanaa
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca, Hassan II University, Doctoral Training Center, Casablanca, Morocco.,Laboratory of Cytogenetics, Pasteur Institute, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Rachida Habbal
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca, Hassan II University, Doctoral Training Center, Casablanca, Morocco.,Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ibn Rochd, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Yaya Kassogue
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca, Hassan II University, Doctoral Training Center, Casablanca, Morocco.,Faculty of Medicine and OdontoStomatology, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Mali
| | - Ait Boujmia Oum Kaltoum
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca, Hassan II University, Doctoral Training Center, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Korchi Farah
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ibn Rochd, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Haraka Majda
- Medical Genetics Unit, University Hospital Ibn Rochd, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Abou Elfath Rhizlane
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca, Hassan II University, Doctoral Training Center, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Sellama Nadifi
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca, Hassan II University, Doctoral Training Center, Casablanca, Morocco.,Medical Genetics Unit, University Hospital Ibn Rochd, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Hind Dehbi
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca, Hassan II University, Doctoral Training Center, Casablanca, Morocco.,Medical Genetics Unit, University Hospital Ibn Rochd, Casablanca, Morocco
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Khanam J, Hossain D, Hosen B, Uddin M, Kabir A, Anwarul Bari M. Association of Glutathione S-Transferase theta 1 and mu 1 Genes Polymorphisms with the Susceptibility of Myocardial Infarction in Bangladesh. Rep Biochem Mol Biol 2020; 9:366-372. [PMID: 33649731 DOI: 10.29252/rbmb.9.3.366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Background Myocardial infarction is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Oxidative stress plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis leading to myocardial infarction and Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) act as detoxifying enzymes to reduce oxidative stress. The aim of the present study was to investigate the associations of the GST (T1 & M1) gene polymorphism with the susceptibility of myocardial infarction in the Bangladeshi population. Methods A case-control study on 100 cardiac patients with MI and 150 control subjects was conducted. The genotyping of GST (T1 & M1) gene was done using conventional Polymerase Chain Reaction. Results The percentage of GSTM1 genotypes was significantly (p< 0.01) lower in patients compared to control subjects while the GSTT1 genotypes were not significantly different between the study subjects. The individual with GSTM1 null allele was at 2.5-fold increased risk {odds ratio (OR)= 2.5; 95 % confidence interval (95 % CI)= 1.4 to 4.3; p< 0.01} of experiencing MI while individual with either GSTM1 or GSTT1 genotypes was at lower risk. In the case of GST M1 and GST T1 combined genotype, patients having both null genotypes for GST M1 and GST T1 gene showed significantly (p< 0.01) higher risk of experiencing MI when compared to control subjects (OR= 3.5; 95% CI= 1.7-7.2; p< 0.001). Conclusion Thus our recent study suggested that GSTM1 alone and GSTM1 and T1 in combination augments the risk of MI in Bangladeshi population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyosna Khanam
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Delowar Hossain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Bayejid Hosen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,National Forensic DNA Profiling Laboratory, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mesbah Uddin
- Clinical Pathology Laboratory, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Asadul Kabir
- Department of Medicine, Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Cuevas S, Villar VAM, Jose PA. Genetic polymorphisms associated with reactive oxygen species and blood pressure regulation. THE PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL 2019; 19:315-336. [PMID: 30723314 PMCID: PMC6650341 DOI: 10.1038/s41397-019-0082-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension is the most prevalent cause of cardiovascular disease and kidney failure, but only about 50% of patients achieve adequate blood pressure control, in part, due to inter-individual genetic variations in the response to antihypertensive medication. Significant strides have been made toward the understanding of the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the regulation of the cardiovascular system. However, the role of ROS in human hypertension is still unclear. Polymorphisms of some genes involved in the regulation of ROS production are associated with hypertension, suggesting their potential influence on blood pressure control and response to antihypertensive medication. This review provides an update on the genes associated with the regulation of ROS production in hypertension and discusses the controversies on the use of antioxidants in the treatment of hypertension, including the antioxidant effects of antihypertensive drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Cuevas
- Center for Translational Science, Children's National Health System, 111 Michigan Avenue, NW, Washington, DC, 20010, USA.
| | - Van Anthony M Villar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Walter G. Ross Hall, Suite 738, 2300 I Street, NW, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Pedro A Jose
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Walter G. Ross Hall, Suite 738, 2300 I Street, NW, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
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Rong SL, Zhou XD, Wang ZK, Wang XL, Wang YC, Xue CS, Li B. Glutathione S-Transferase M1 and T1 polymorphisms and hypertension risk: an updated meta-analysis. J Hum Hypertens 2018; 33:454-465. [PMID: 30420646 DOI: 10.1038/s41371-018-0133-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Recently, Glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1), glutathione S-transferase T1 (GSTT1), and their interaction with hypertension risk have been focused on. However, the results of previous studies have been inconsistent. Hence, the present meta-analysis was performed to explore the association. Twenty-two case-control studies met the inclusion criteria for GSTM1 (including 3577 hypertension cases and 3784 controls), twenty-two for GSTT1 (including 3741 cases and 4444 controls), and nine for their combined effects (including 1073 cases and 781 controls). Pooled analyses on the association between GSTM1 present/null polymorphism and hypertension risk were observed to be insignificant in overall and subgroup analyses. The individual who carries the GSTT1 null-genotype had a statistically significant overall population (OR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.60), Indians (OR = 2.45, 95% CI: 1.08, 5.59), and hospital-based controls (OR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.21, 1.94). For the GSTM1-GSTT1 interaction, we found that the GSTM1/GSTT1 double-null-genotype was significantly associated with hypertension risks (double-null vs. double-present: OR = 2.68, 95% CI: 1.06, 6.81). To summarize, this meta-analysis indicates that Indians with the GSTT1 null-genotype has a raised hypertension risks; the GSTM1 null/GSTT1 null-genotype is association with raised hypertension risks, while the GSTM1 null-genotype is not associated with hypertension risks. In addition, I2 > 75% cannot be eliminated for GSTM1 in Indians or Asians, hence, it will be very important to explore the GSTM1 null-genotype and hypertension susceptibility in Indians and Asians for a large new sample, on population-based control study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Ling Rong
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, P.R. China
| | - Xue-Dong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Ze-Kun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Lin Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, P.R. China.
| | - Yu-Chuan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, P.R. China
| | - Cun-Shui Xue
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, P.R. China
| | - Bao Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, P.R. China.
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García-González I, López-Díaz RI, Canché-Pech JR, Solís-Cárdenas ADJ, Flores-Ocampo JA, Mendoza-Alcocer R, Herrera-Sánchez LF, Jiménez-Rico MA, Ceballos-López AA, López-Novelo ME. Epistasis analysis of metabolic genes polymorphisms associated with ischemic heart disease in Yucatan. CLINICA E INVESTIGACION EN ARTERIOSCLEROSIS : PUBLICACION OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE ARTERIOSCLEROSIS 2018; 30:102-111. [PMID: 29395491 DOI: 10.1016/j.arteri.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Epistasis is a type of genetic interaction that could explain much of the phenotypic variability of complex diseases. In this work, the effect of epistasis of metabolic genes and cardiovascular risk on the susceptibility to the development of ischemic heart disease in Yucatan was determined. METHODS Case-control study in 79 Yucatecan patients with ischemic heart disease and 101 healthy controls matched by age and origin with cases. The polymorphisms -108CT, Q192R, L55M (paraoxonase 1; PON1), C677T, A1298C (methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase; MTHFR), and the presence/absence of the glutathione S-transferase T1 (GSTT1) gene were genotyped. Epistasis analysis was performed using the multifactorial dimensional reduction method. The best risk prediction model was selected based on precision (%), statistical significance (P<0.05), and cross-validation consistency. RESULTS We found an independent association of the null genotype GSTT1*0/0 (OR=3.39, CI: 1.29-8.87, P=0.017) and the null allele (OR=1.86, CI: 1.19-2.91, P=0.007) with ischemic heart disease. The GSTT1*0 deletion and the 677TT genotype (MTHFR) were identified as being at a high cardiovascular risk, whereas the GSTT1*1 wild type genotype and the CC677 variant were at low risk. The gene-environment interaction identified the GSTT1 gene, C677T polymorphism (MTHFR), and hypertension as the factors that best explain ischemic heart disease in the study population. CONCLUSIONS The interaction of the MTHFR, GSTT1 and hypertension may constitute a predictive model of risk for early onset ischemic heart disease in the population of Yucatan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igrid García-González
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Laboratorios Biomédicos de Mérida, Mérida, Yucatán, México.
| | - Roger Iván López-Díaz
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Laboratorios Biomédicos de Mérida, Mérida, Yucatán, México
| | - José Reyes Canché-Pech
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Laboratorios Biomédicos de Mérida, Mérida, Yucatán, México
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - María E López-Novelo
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Laboratorios Biomédicos de Mérida, Mérida, Yucatán, México
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Fiatal S, Ádány R. Application of Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism-Related Risk Estimates in Identification of Increased Genetic Susceptibility to Cardiovascular Diseases: A Literature Review. Front Public Health 2018; 5:358. [PMID: 29445720 PMCID: PMC5797796 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2017.00358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although largely preventable, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the biggest cause of death worldwide. Common complex cardiovascular disorders (e.g., coronary heart disease, hypertonia, or thrombophilia) result from a combination of genetic alterations and environmental factors. Recent advances in the genomics of CVDs have fostered huge expectations about future use of susceptibility variants for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Our aim was to summarize the latest developments in the field from a public health perspective focusing on the applicability of data on single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), through a systematic review of studies from the last decade on genetic risk estimating for common CVDs. Methods Several keywords were used for searching the PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and Web of Science databases. Recent advances were summarized and structured according to the main public health domains (prevention, early detection, and treatment) using a framework suggested recently for translational research. This framework includes four recommended phases: “T1. From gene discovery to candidate health applications; T2. From health application to evidence-based practice guidelines; T3. From evidence-based practice guidelines to health practice; and T4. From practice to population health impacts.” Results The majority of translation research belongs to the T1 phase “translation of basic genetic/genomic research into health application”; there are only a few population-based impacts estimated. The studies suggest that an SNP is a poor estimator of individual risk, whereas an individual’s genetic profile combined with non-genetic risk factors may better predict CVD risk among certain patient subgroups. Further research is needed to validate whether these genomic profiles can prospectively identify individuals at risk to develop CVDs. Several research gaps were identified: little information is available on studies suggesting “Health application to evidence-based practice guidelines”; no study is available on “Guidelines to health practice.” It was not possible to identify studies that incorporate environmental or lifestyle factors in the risk estimation. Conclusion Currently, identifying populations having a larger risk of developing common CVDs may result in personalized prevention programs by reducing people’s risk of onset or disease progression. However, limited evidence is available on the application of genomic results in health and public health practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szilvia Fiatal
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,WHO Collaborating Centre on Vulnerability and Health, Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Róza Ádány
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,WHO Collaborating Centre on Vulnerability and Health, Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,MTA-DE Public Health Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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Han JH, Lee HJ, Choi HJ, Yun KE, Kang MH. Lymphocyte DNA damage and plasma antioxidant status in Korean subclinical hypertensive patients by glutathione S-transferase polymorphism. Nutr Res Pract 2017; 11:214-222. [PMID: 28584578 PMCID: PMC5449378 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2017.11.3.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 12/31/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Glutathione S-transferase (GST) forms a multigene family of phase II detoxification enzymes which are involved in the detoxification of xenobiotics by conjugating substances with glutathione. The aim of this study is to assess the antioxidative status and the degree of DNA damage in the subclinical hypertensive patients in Korea using glutathione S-transferase polymorphisms. SUBJECTS/METHODS We examined whether DNA damage and antioxidative status show a difference between GSTM1 or GSTT1 genotype in 227 newly diagnosed, untreated (systolic blood pressure (BP) ≥ 130 mmHg or diastolic BP ≥ 85 mmHg) subclinical hypertensive patients and 130 normotensive subjects (systolic BP < 120 mmHg and diastolic BP < 80 mmHg). From the blood of the subjects, the degree of the DNA damage in lymphocyte, the activities of erythrocyte superoxide dismutase, the catalase, and the glutathione peroxidase, the level of glutathione, plasma total radical-trapping antioxidant potential (TRAP), anti-oxidative vitamins, as well as plasma lipid profiles and conjugated diene (CD) were analyzed. RESULTS Of the 227 subjects studied, 68.3% were GSTM1 null genotype and 66.5% were GSTT1 null genotype. GSTM1 null genotype had an increased risk of hypertension (OR: 2.104, CI: 1.38-3.35), but no significant association in GSTT1 null genotype (OR 0.982, CI: 0.62-1.55). No difference in erythrocyte activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, or glutathione peroxidase, and plasma TRAP, CD, lipid profiles, and GSH levels were observed between GSTM1 or GSTT1 genotype. Plasma levels of α-tocopherol increased significantly in GSTT1 wild genotype (P < 0.05); however, plasma level of β-carotene increased significantly in GSTT1 null genotype (P < 0.01). DNA damage assessed by the Comet assay was significantly higher in GSTM1 null genotype than wild genotype (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS These results confirm the association between GSTM1 null genotype and risk of hypertension as they suggest that GSTM1 null genotype leads to an increased oxidative stress compared with wild genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Hwa Han
- Nutrition Safety Policy Division, Food Nutrition and Dietary Safety Bureau, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungbuk 28159, Korea
| | - Hye-Jin Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Daedeok Valley Campus, Hannam University, 461-6 Jeonmin-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Korea
| | - Hee Jeong Choi
- Department of Family Medicine, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35233, Korea
| | - Kyung Eun Yun
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 03181, Korea
| | - Myung-Hee Kang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Daedeok Valley Campus, Hannam University, 461-6 Jeonmin-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Korea
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Almoshabek HA, Mustafa M, Al-Asmari MM, Alajmi TK, Al-Asmari AK. Association of glutathione S-transferase GSTM1 and GSTT1 deletion polymorphisms with obesity and their relationship with body mass index, lipoprotein and hypertension among young age Saudis. JRSM Cardiovasc Dis 2016; 5:2048004016669645. [PMID: 27721975 PMCID: PMC5036254 DOI: 10.1177/2048004016669645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Persistent oxidative stress is one of the several risk factors that may be associated with the etiology of obesity. The present study is aimed to investigate association between GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms with obesity and their relationship with plasma lipoproteins, body mass index (BMI) and hypertension. Design The GSTM1 and GSTT1 deletion polymorphisms were analyzed by multiplex polymerase chain reaction. The lipoproteins were measured in plasma using commercially available kit and the weight, height, systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressures by standard procedure of measurements. Setting Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh Saudi Arabia. Participants A total of 420 overweight/obese cases and 234 normal weight controls belong to young age Saudis. Main outcomes measures GSTM1/GSTT1 polymorphisms may be associated with obesity. Results Weight, BMI, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and SBP were significantly higher while high-density lipoprotein (HDL) was significantly lower in cases in comparison to controls. Frequency of GSTM1+/GSTT1− (OR = 2.70, 95% CI = 1.52–4.81, p = <0.001) and GSTM1−/GSTT1− (OR = 2.43, 95% CI = 1.15–5.15, p = 0.018) was significantly higher in cases as compared to controls. BMI and weight were significantly higher in GSTM1+/GSTT1− and GSTM1−/GSTT1− genotypes, and LDL, DBP and SBP significantly higher in GSTM1−/GSTT1− null genotype while HDL was significantly lower in GSTM1−/GSTT1+ and GSTM1−/GSTT1− genotypes in comparison to GSTM1+/GSTT1+ genotype. Conclusions The GSTM1+/GSTT1− and GSTM1−/GSTT1− null genotypes were significantly associated with obesity and have shown relationship with obesity risk factors in cases. Hence, these genes may be associative genetic risk factor for obesity among young age Saudis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamoud A Almoshabek
- Deparment of Cardiology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Mustafa
- Research Centre, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Tahani K Alajmi
- Deparment of Cardiology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Combined GSTM1-Null, GSTT1-Active, GSTA1 Low-Activity and GSTP1-Variant Genotype Is Associated with Increased Risk of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0160570. [PMID: 27500405 PMCID: PMC4976979 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate specific glutathione S-transferase (GST) gene variants as determinants of risk in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (cRCC), independently or simultaneously with established RCC risk factors, as well as to discern whether phenotype changes reflect genotype-associated risk. GSTA1, GSTM1, GSTP1 and GSTT1 genotypes were determined in 199 cRCC patients and 274 matched controls. Benzo(a)pyrene diolepoxide (BPDE)-DNA adducts were determined in DNA samples obtained from cRCC patients by ELISA method. Significant association between GST genotype and risk of cRCC development was found for the GSTM1-null and GSTP1-variant genotype (p = 0.02 and p<0.001, respectively). Furthermore, 22% of all recruited cRCC patients were carriers of combined GSTM1-null, GSTT1-active, GSTA1-low activity and GSTP1-variant genotype, exhibiting 9.32-fold elevated cRCC risk compared to the reference genotype combination (p = 0.04). Significant association between GST genotype and cRCC risk in smokers was found only for the GSTP1 genotype, while GSTM1-null/GSTP1-variant/GSTA1 low-activity genotype combination was present in 94% of smokers with cRCC, increasing the risk of cRCC up to 7.57 (p = 0.02). Furthermore, cRCC smokers with GSTM1-null genotype had significantly higher concentration of BPDE-DNA adducts in comparison with GSTM1-active cRCC smokers (p = 0.05). GSTM1, GSTT1, GSTA1 and GSTP1 polymorphisms might be associated with the risk of cRCC, with special emphasis on GSTM1-null and GSTP1-variant genotypes. Combined GSTM1-null, GSTT1-active, GSTA1 low activity and GSTP1-variant genotypes might be considered as "risk-carrying genotype combination" in cRCC.
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Rafiee L, Shokouh P, Roohafza H, Mansourian M, Javanmard SH. Association of glutathione S-transferases M1 and T1 gene polymorphisms with the risk of metabolic syndrome in an Iranian population. Adv Biomed Res 2016; 5:63. [PMID: 27135032 PMCID: PMC4832886 DOI: 10.4103/2277-9175.179185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are important factors in cell sensitivity to oxidative stress and susceptibility to cardiometabolic disorders. We aimed to investigate the GSTM1 and T1 gene polymorphisms, as well as their interactions in metabolic syndrome (MetS) patients and healthy individuals in an Iranian population. Materials and Methods: The study sample comprised of 220 healthy individuals (mean age: 41.9 – 15.1 years) and 165 MetS patients (mean age: 49.7 – 11.5 years). The diagnostic criteria for MetS were defined following the criteria provided by the modified National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III. Genotyping of GSTM1 and T1 genes were performed using polymerase chain reaction. Results: Our analyses have shown that neither GSTM1 (odds ratio [OR] =0.89, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.59 – 1.33, P = 0.57) nor GSTT1 (OR = 1.26, 95% CI: 0.76 – 2.02, P = 0.38) null genotypes were associated with increased risk. Moreover, no significant differences were observed between various combinations of GST genotypes. Conclusion: Contrary to our primary hypothesis, what we found disaffirms any kind of association between GSTM1 and T1 polymorphisms and the risk of MetS. However, being the first polymorphism study of GSTs in MetS patients, further studies are required to confirm our results in other populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laleh Rafiee
- Applied Physiology Research Centre, Department of Physiology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Pedram Shokouh
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Roohafza
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Marjan Mansourian
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Iorio A, Spinelli M, Polimanti R, Lorenzi F, Valensise H, Manfellotto D, Fuciarelli M. GSTA1 gene variation associated with gestational hypertension and its involvement in pregnancy-related pathogenic conditions. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2015; 194:34-7. [PMID: 26321410 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2015.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Revised: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE(S) Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are the main phase II enzymes involved in the cellular detoxification. Through phase I and phase II detoxification reactions, the cell is able to detoxify endogenous and exogenous toxic compounds. In this study, we focused our attention on the GSTA1*-69C/T gene polymorphism (rs3957357) in order to explore its involvement in the genetic predisposition to gestational hypertension (GH). STUDY DESIGN The case-control population consists of 195 subjects. The genotyping of the GSTA1*-69C/T was performed by using an RFLP-PCR technique. We calculated odds ratios (ORs), adjusted for the confounding variables, to estimate the association between GSTA1 and GH. RESULTS Significant allelic differences in GSTA1*-69C/T are present between GH women and pregnant women without cardiovascular complications (p<0.05). Specifically, we observed that the dominant genetic model best explains the observed genetic association, according to the Akaike information criterion and the Bayesian information criterion. CONCLUSION(S) Our study highlighted a significant association between the GSTA1 gene and the risk of GH in Italian patients. In particular, the -69C/T variant was significantly associated with disease risk. Since previous studies indicated that this GSTA1 polymorphism is associated with different pregnancy-related conditions, our finding supports the notion that GSTA1 may play a key role during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Iorio
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Marina Spinelli
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Renato Polimanti
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, West Haven, CT, United States
| | - Federica Lorenzi
- Clinical Pathophysiology Center, AFaR Division, Fatebenefratelli Foundation, "San Giovanni Calibita" Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Isola Tiberina, Rome, Italy
| | - Herbert Valensise
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Isola Tiberina, Rome, Italy
| | - Dario Manfellotto
- Clinical Pathophysiology Center, AFaR Division, Fatebenefratelli Foundation, "San Giovanni Calibita" Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Isola Tiberina, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Fuciarelli
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.
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Ge B, Song Y, Zhang Y, Liu X, Wen Y, Guo X. Glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) and T1 (GSTT1) null polymorphisms and the risk of hypertension: a meta-analysis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0118897. [PMID: 25742618 PMCID: PMC4351109 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some studies have recently focused on the association between glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) and glutathione S-transferase T1 (GSTT1) null polymorphisms and hypertension; however, results have been inconsistent. OBJECTIVE In order to drive a more precise estimation, the present systematic review and meta-analysis is performed to investigate the relationship between the GSTM1 and GSTT1 null polymorphisms and hypertension. METHODS Eligible articles were identified by a search of several bibliographic databases for the period up to August 17, 2013. Odds ratios were pooled using either fixed-effects or random-effects models. RESULTS Regarding the GSTM1 null/present genotype, 14 case-control studies were eligible (2773 hypertension cases and 3189 controls). The meta-analysis revealed that it might present a small increased risk for hypertension, although the effect was not statistically significant (odd ratio (OR) = 1.16, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.96, 1.40; P = 0.002, I2 = 59.8%). Further subgroup analysis by ethnicity and control source suggested that the association was still not significant. Thirteen case-control studies were eligible for GSTT1 (2497 hypertension cases and 3078 controls). No statistically significant association was observed between the GSTT1 null genotype and hypertension risk (OR = 1.14, 95% CI: 0.85, 1.53; P = 0.000, I2 = 80.3%). Furthermore, stratification by ethnicity and control source indicated no association between the GSTT1 null genotype and hypertension risk. We further confirmed the association by sensitivity analysis. No publication bias was detected. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis suggests that the GSTM1 and GSTT1 null polymorphisms are not associated with the risk of hypertension. Future large well-designed epidemiological studies with individual information, lifestyle factors, and environmental factors are warranted to validate the present findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beihai Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yadong Song
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xiaowen Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yuxiang Wen
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xiaomei Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- * E-mail:
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Wang R, Wang Y, Wang J, Yang K. Association of glutathione S-transferase T1 and M1 gene polymorphisms with ischemic stroke risk in the Chinese Han population. Neural Regen Res 2015; 7:1420-7. [PMID: 25657676 PMCID: PMC4308794 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2012.18.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2012] [Accepted: 04/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis plays an important role in ischemic stroke, and oxidative stress participates in the entire process of atherosclerosis. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) acting with other antioxidant enzymes can eliminate reactive oxygen species and protect cells against oxidative damage. To assess the association of glutathione S-transferase (GSTT1 and GSTM1) gene polymorphisms with ischemic stroke in the Chinese Han population, the present study selected 315 patients with ischemic stroke and 210 healthy controls for comparison. GSTT1 and GSTM1 genotypes were determined using polymerase chain reactions, electrophoresis and imaging analysis. No obvious evidence of GSTT1-null, GSTM1-null and GSTT1/GSTM1-double null genotype distribution differences was found between case and control groups or between genders. Subgroup analysis showed that the risk of stroke was increased when hypertension was accompanied by GSTT1-null (odds ratio (OR) = 2.996, P < 0.001) and GSTM1-null (OR = 3.680, P < 0.001) genotypes; diabetes mellitus was accompanied by GSTT1-null (OR = 1.860, P = 0.031) and GSTM1-null (OR = 2.444, P = 0.002) genotypes, and smokers showed a GSTT1-null genotype (OR = 2.276, P = 0.003). GSTT1- and GSTM1-null genotypes may interact synergistically with hypertension, diabetes mellitus and smoking to increase the incidence risk of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Junhong Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
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Eslami S, Sahebkar A. Glutathione-S-Transferase M1 and T1 Null Genotypes Are Associated with Hypertension Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 12 Studies. Curr Hypertens Rep 2014; 16:432. [DOI: 10.1007/s11906-014-0432-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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16
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Petrovič D, Peterlin B. GSTM1-null and GSTT1-null genotypes are associated with essential arterial hypertension in patients with type 2 diabetes. Clin Biochem 2014; 47:574-7. [PMID: 24685594 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2014.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2014] [Revised: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether the genetic polymorphisms of glutathione S-transferases M1 (GSTM1) and T1 (GSTT1), Ile105Val of the GSTP1 (rs947894), and the Val16Ala polymorphism of the MnSOD (rs4880) are associated with essential arterial hypertension (EAH) in Caucasians with type 2 diabetes. DESIGN AND METHODS 1015 Slovenian subjects (Caucasians) with type 2 diabetes with/without EAH were enrolled in the cross-sectional study. Genotypes were determined by multiplex PCR amplification and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. RESULTS In the cross-sectional study, GSTM1-null genotype and GSTT1-null genotype were associated with EAH in subjects with type 2 diabetes (59.0% vs. 50.3%, p=0.007; 28.5% vs. 20.7%, p=0.008; consequently). CONCLUSION After adjustment for age, body mass index, and hsCRP level, GSTM1-null and GSTT1-null genotypes were found to be independent risk factors for the development of EAH in Slovenian patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Petrovič
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty Ljubljana, University Ljubljana, Korytkova 2, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Borut Peterlin
- Clinical Institute of Medical Genetics, University Clinical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloška 7, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Schreiber R, Mill JG, Krieger JE, Pereira AC, Nadruz W. Association between glutathione S-transferase M1 polymorphism and urinary sodium excretion in a Brazilian population. Am J Hypertens 2013; 26:1024-9. [PMID: 23690164 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpt066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Null genotypes of glutathione S-transferase (GST) exhibit the absence of enzymatic activity and are associated with increased cardiovascular risk. Recent reports have related both lower and higher urinary sodium excretion (USE) to higher cardiovascular risk. Here we investigate the impact of GSTM1 and GSTT1-null polymorphisms on USE in a Brazilian population. METHODS We cross-sectionally evaluated 1,308 subjects from the city of Vitoria, Brazil, based on clinical history, physical examination, anthropometry, analysis of laboratory parameters, measurement of USE, and GST polymorphisms genotyping. RESULTS The frequency of GST M1, T1, and double-deletion polymorphisms was 51%, 22%, and 11%, respectively. Individuals with the GSTM1-null genotype had lower USE than those with the non-null genotype (92.1±52.3 vs. 102.8 ± 6 0.7 mEq/12h; P < 0.001). Linear regression analysis adjusted for confounding factors revealed that the GSTM1-null genotype was independently associated with USE (P = 0.001). In addition, diastolic blood pressure and triglyceride levels were higher in GSTM1-null individuals than in non-null individuals in the highest tertile of USE. Finally, the presence of GSTT1-null or double-deleted genotypes did not influence USE or affect the interactions between USE and the variables studied. CONCLUSIONS Deletion of GSTM1 was associated with low USE and modulated the interaction between sodium intake and blood pressure in Brazilian subjects. These novel findings may provide a new unexplored link between sodium regulation and GST homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Schreiber
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
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18
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Dhameja K, Singh S, Mustafa MD, Singh KP, Banerjee BD, Agarwal M, Ahmed RS. Therapeutic effect of yoga in patients with hypertension with reference to GST gene polymorphism. J Altern Complement Med 2012; 19:243-9. [PMID: 23062021 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2011.0908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension, a chronic medical condition of increased blood pressure, is a serious public health problem. Environmental and genetic risk factors are known to predispose to hypertension. The present study was designed to investigate the association of glutathione S-transferase (GST) gene polymorphism with oxidative stress in hypertensive patients and the possible beneficial effect of yoga on them. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty (60) hypertensive individuals, between 30 and 60 years of age, were divided into two groups of 30 each. The yoga group was subjected to 50-60 minutes of yogic practices daily for 42 days, while the control group included the remaining 30 age- and sex-matched hypertensive individuals. GST gene polymorphism was analyzed using multiple allele specific polymerase chain reaction, and oxidative stress parameters were assessed biochemically. RESULTS Assessment of blood pressure showed a statistically significant though modest reduction (p<0.05) in the yoga group as compared to the control group. Malondialdehyde was observed to be significantly low (p<0.05), while antioxidant capacity in the form of GST showed an increasing trend and ferric-reducing ability of plasma was significantly increased (p<0.05) in the subjects who practiced yoga. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, yoga has been found to decrease blood pressure as well as the levels of oxidative stress in patients with hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanupriya Dhameja
- Department of Physiology, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) and GTB, Delhi, India.
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Polimanti R, Piacentini S, Lazzarin N, Re MA, Manfellotto D, Fuciarelli M. Lack of Association Between Essential Hypertension and GSTO1 Uncommon Genetic Variants in Italian Patients. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2012; 16:615-20. [DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2011.0310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Renato Polimanti
- Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata,” Rome, Italy
- Clinical Pathophysiology Center, AFaR, “San Giovanni Calibita” Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Isola Tiberina, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Piacentini
- Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata,” Rome, Italy
| | - Natalia Lazzarin
- Clinical Pathophysiology Center, AFaR, “San Giovanni Calibita” Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Isola Tiberina, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Antonietta Re
- Clinical Pathophysiology Center, AFaR, “San Giovanni Calibita” Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Isola Tiberina, Rome, Italy
| | - Dario Manfellotto
- Clinical Pathophysiology Center, AFaR, “San Giovanni Calibita” Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Isola Tiberina, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Fuciarelli
- Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata,” Rome, Italy
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Glutathione S-transferase variants as risk factor for essential hypertension in Italian patients. Mol Cell Biochem 2011; 357:227-33. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-011-0893-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2011] [Accepted: 05/17/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to analyze glutathione antioxidant defense system in elderly patients treated for hypertension. Studies were carried out in the blood collected from 18 hypertensive and 15 age- and sex-matched controls, all subjects age over 60. Hypertensives were on their usual antihypertensive treatment at the time of blood collection. The concentration of glutathione (GSH) in whole blood and activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx-1), glutathione transferase (GST), and glutathione reductase (GR) in erythrocytes were measured. The data from patients and controls were compared using independent-samples t test. P value of 0.05 and less was considered statistically significant. We observed increased glutathione-related antioxidant defense in treated hypertensive elderly patients (HT) when compared with healthy controls (C). Mean GSH concentration was significantly higher in HT when compared with C: 3.1 ± 0.29 and 2.6 ± 0.25 mmol/L, respectively, P < 0.001. Mean activity of GR was significantly higher in HT group if compared with C: 83.4 ± 15.25 U/g Hb versus 64.2 ± 8.26 U/g Hb, respectively, P < 0.001. Mean activity of GST was significantly higher in HT group compared with C: 3.0 ± 0.60 mmol CDNB-GSH/mgHb/min and 2.6 ± 0.36 mmol CDNB-GSH/mgHb/min, respectively, P < 0.05. No difference in GPx activity was observed between two groups. These results show that glutathione-related antioxidant defense system was enhanced in elderly hypertensive patients treated for their conditions. This suggests important role of glutathione system in blood pressure regulation. Alterations in concentration and activity of antioxidants observed during antihypertensive medication are likely to be related to the effect of the treatment on NO bioavailability.
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Miranda-Vilela AL, Lordelo GS, Akimoto AK, Alves PCZ, Pereira LCDS, Klautau-Guimarães MDN, Grisolia CK. Genetic polymorphisms influence runners' responses to the dietary ingestion of antioxidant supplementation based on pequi oil (Caryocar brasiliense Camb.): a before-after study. GENES AND NUTRITION 2011; 6:369-95. [PMID: 21484158 DOI: 10.1007/s12263-011-0217-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2010] [Accepted: 03/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Genes have been implicated in the levels of oxidative stress, lipids, CVD risk, immune reactivity, and performance. Pequi oil (Caryocar brasiliense) has shown anti-inflammatory and hypotensive effects, besides reducing exercise-induced DNA, tissue damages, and anisocytosis. Given that diet can interact with the human genome to influence health and disease, and because genetic variability can influence response to diet, we aim to investigate the influence of 12 gene polymorphisms on inflammatory markers, postprandial lipids, arterial pressure, and plasma lipid peroxidation of runners (N = 125), before and after 14 days of 400 mg pequi-oil supplementation, after races under closely comparable conditions. Arterial pressure was checked before races; blood samples were taken immediately after racing to perform leukogram and plateletgram, Tbars assay, lipid, and CRP dosages and genotyping. CAT, GST-M1/T1, CRP-G1059C, and MTHFR-C677T polymorphisms influenced post-pequi-oil responses in leukogram; Hp and MTHFR-C677T, in plateletgram; Hp, ACE, GSTT1, and MTHFR-A1298C, in lipid profile; MTHFR-A1298C, in C-reactive protein (CRP) levels; and Hp and MnSOD, in Tbars assay. Differences between ACE genotypes in leukogram and total cholesterol disappeared after pequi, and the same occurred for Hp and MnSOD in Tbars assay and for MTHFR-A1298C with CRP levels. Because genetic inheritance is one of the factors that drive atherosclerosis-related lipid abnormalities, results can contribute to a greater understanding of the influence of genetic polymorphisms in situations that push up free radicals. Knowledge is also expanded on how antioxidant supplementation affects an individual's genes and how athletic genetic makeup can affect the way a person responds to antioxidant supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Luisa Miranda-Vilela
- Departamento de Genética e Morfologia, Laboratório de Genética, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil,
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MYERS STEVENR, WRIGHT TERRY, BARNES BROOKE, RADMACHER PAULA, CUNNINGHAM CHRISTOPHER. GSTM1/T1 Genotypes and Benzo(A)Pyrene Hemoglobin Adducts in Maternal and Fetal Blood. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2010.483676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Association analysis of GSTT1, GSTM1 genotype polymorphisms and serum total GST activity with ischemic stroke risk. Neurol Sci 2010. [PMID: 20517701 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-010–0330-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a major role in pathogenesis of atherosclerosis which is responsible for stroke. Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) detoxify metabolites produced by oxidative stress within the cell and protect the cells against injury. This study aimed to investigate the association of polymorphisms in GSTT1, GSTM1 genes and GST activity with ischemic stroke risk. Patients had almost the same GST activity as that of controls. No significant differences were found between patients and controls in terms of GSTT1 null, GSTM1 null and GSTT1/GSTM1 double null genotype frequencies. Besides, both patients and controls with double GSTT1/GSTM1 null genotypes had the lowest serum GST activities. Compared to the present genotypes, GSTT1 null (OR = 4.888; P = 0.006) and GSTM1 null (OR = 2.383; P = 0.011) genotype groups contained relatively more hypertensive stroke patients. This study showed that GSTT1 and GSTM1 null genotypes, together with hypertension, may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke.
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25
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Association analysis of GSTT1, GSTM1 genotype polymorphisms and serum total GST activity with ischemic stroke risk. Neurol Sci 2010; 31:727-34. [PMID: 20517701 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-010-0330-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2009] [Accepted: 04/27/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a major role in pathogenesis of atherosclerosis which is responsible for stroke. Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) detoxify metabolites produced by oxidative stress within the cell and protect the cells against injury. This study aimed to investigate the association of polymorphisms in GSTT1, GSTM1 genes and GST activity with ischemic stroke risk. Patients had almost the same GST activity as that of controls. No significant differences were found between patients and controls in terms of GSTT1 null, GSTM1 null and GSTT1/GSTM1 double null genotype frequencies. Besides, both patients and controls with double GSTT1/GSTM1 null genotypes had the lowest serum GST activities. Compared to the present genotypes, GSTT1 null (OR = 4.888; P = 0.006) and GSTM1 null (OR = 2.383; P = 0.011) genotype groups contained relatively more hypertensive stroke patients. This study showed that GSTT1 and GSTM1 null genotypes, together with hypertension, may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke.
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Chung J, Oh SY, Shin YK. Association of glutathione-S-transferase polymorphisms with atopic dermatitis risk in preschool age children. Clin Chem Lab Med 2010; 47:1475-81. [PMID: 19842992 DOI: 10.1515/cclm.2009.336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glutathione S-transferase (GST) enzymes are critical for detoxifying reactive oxygen species (ROS) and their products which have been implicated in the pathology of inflammatory diseases such as atopic dermatitis (AD). METHODS We investigated the effects of genetic polymorphisms of GST on the risk of AD in preschool age children. Biomarkers for oxidative stress were also evaluated with respect to GST genotype. RESULTS The GSTP1 Val105 allele was significantly associated with an increased risk of AD [odds ratio (OR)=1.62, p<0.05]. The combination of the GSTP1 Val105 allele and the GSTT1 null genotype further increased this risk by 2.3-fold (p<0.01). No association was observed for the GSTM1 null or GSTT1 null genotype alone. In children with AD, blood total antioxidant capacity was significantly less (p<0.001), while malondialdehyde was higher (p=0.12). Children with the GSTP1 Val105 allele had significantly lower concentrations of erythrocyte glutathione compared to GSTP1 ILE/ILE homozygotes (P=0.03). CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that the GSTP1 Val105 allele is an important determinant of susceptibility to AD in preschool age children and increased oxidative stress may play a role in the pathogenesis of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayong Chung
- Department of Food and Nutrition and Research Institute of Science for Human Life, College of Human Ecology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
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Bessa SS, Ali EMM, Hamdy SM. The role of glutathione S- transferase M1 and T1 gene polymorphisms and oxidative stress-related parameters in Egyptian patients with essential hypertension. Eur J Intern Med 2009; 20:625-30. [PMID: 19782926 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2009.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2009] [Revised: 05/12/2009] [Accepted: 06/10/2009] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Essential hypertension is a complex, multifactorial, polygenic disease in which the underlying genetic components remain unknown. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) enzyme is involved in detoxification of reactive oxygen species. This study aimed to investigate GSTM1 and GSTT1 gene polymorphisms in Egyptian essential hypertensive patients and their relationship with oxidative stress-related parameters. METHODS The study included 40 newly-diagnosed, untreated, essential hypertensive patients and 40 normotensive subjects. Plasma levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), and nitrate/nitrite and erythrocyte reduced glutathione (GSH), activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) were measured. Genotyping for GSTM1 and GSTT1 was performed. RESULTS The frequency of GSTM1+ve/GSTT1+ve in hypertensives (5%) was lower than in normotensives (37.5%).The frequency of GSTM1-ve/GSTT1-ve was elevated in hypertensives (35%) as compared to normotensives (7.5%). Plasma MDA was higher and nitrate/nitrite was lower in hypertensives than in normotensives. Erythrocyte GSH, activities of CAT, SOD, GSH-Px, and GST of hypertensives were lower than normotensives. Moreover, GST activity was lower in subjects with GSTM1-ve/GSTT1-ve than in those with GSTM1+ve/GSTT1+ve. In hypertensives, both systolic and diastolic blood pressures were negatively correlated with activities of CAT, GSH-Px, and GST. CONCLUSIONS GSTM1-ve/GSTT1-ve is a potential genetic factor to predict development of essential hypertension and permit early therapeutic intervention. The significant association between blood pressure and oxidative stress-related parameters indicates the pathogenic role of oxidative stress in hypertension. Antioxidants could be useful in the management of essential hypertension to prevent progressive deterioration and target organ damage however, further studies involving long-term clinical trials may help to assess the efficacy of these therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar S Bessa
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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Azarpira N, Nikeghbalian S, Geramizadeh B, Darai M. Influence of glutathione S-transferase M1 and T1 polymorphisms with acute rejection in Iranian liver transplant recipients. Mol Biol Rep 2009; 37:21-5. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-009-9487-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2008] [Accepted: 02/19/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Capoluongo E, Onder G, Concolino P, Russo A, Santonocito C, Bernabei R, Zuppi C, Ameglio F, Landi F. GSTM1-null polymorphism as possible risk marker for hypertension: Results from the aging and longevity study in the Sirente Geographic Area (ilSIRENTE study). Clin Chim Acta 2009; 399:92-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2008.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2008] [Revised: 09/13/2008] [Accepted: 09/17/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Delles C, McBride MW, Padmanabhan S, Dominiczak AF. The genetics of cardiovascular disease. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2008; 19:309-16. [PMID: 18819818 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2008.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2008] [Revised: 07/24/2008] [Accepted: 07/25/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in genotyping technology and insights into disease mechanisms have increased interest in the genetics of cardiovascular disease. Several candidate genes involved in cardiovascular diseases were identified from studies using animal models, and the translation of these findings to human disease is an exciting challenge. There is a trend towards large-scale genome-wide association studies that are subject to strict quality criteria with regard to both genotyping and phenotyping. Here, we review some of the strategies that have been developed to translate findings from experimental models to human disease and outline the need for optimizing global approaches to analyze such results. Findings from ongoing studies are interpreted in the context of disease pathways instead of the more traditional focus on single genetic variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Delles
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
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