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Rama A, Govindan I, Hebbar S, Chaturvedi A, Rani U, Naha A. Advancing posaconazole quantification analysis with a new reverse-phase HPLC method in its bulk and marketed dosage form. F1000Res 2023; 12:468. [PMID: 37396051 PMCID: PMC10314186 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.132841.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Posaconazole is a widely used antifungal drug, and its accurate quantification is essential for quality control and assessment of its pharmaceutical products. This study aimed to develop and validate a reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analytical method for quantifying Posaconazole in bulk and dosage form. Methods: The HPLC method was developed and validated based on International Conference on Harmonisation (ICH) guidelines. The developed method was then applied to quantify Posaconazole in a marketed tablet formulation. The method's specificity, linearity, precision, accuracy, robustness, and stability were evaluated. Results: The developed HPLC method showed good linearity over a 2-20 μg/mL concentration range. The percentage recovery of Posaconazole from the bulk and marketed formulations was found to be 99.01% and 99.05%, respectively. The intra-day and inter-day precisions were less than 1%, and the method was stable under different conditions. The HPLC method was successfully applied to quantify Posaconazole in the marketed formulation. Conclusion: The developed and validated HPLC method is reliable and efficient for analyzing Posaconazole in bulk and dosage forms. The method's accuracy, precision, specificity, linearity, robustness, and stability demonstrate its effectiveness. The method can be used for the quality control and assessment of Posaconazole-containing pharmaceutical products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamalai Rama
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Induja Govindan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Srinivas Hebbar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Abhishek Chaturvedi
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Usha Rani
- Department of Social Health and Innovation, Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Anup Naha
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
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Cheng Z, Liang J, Hu Y, Lv Q, Li X, Shen X. Comprehensive evaluation of solvent in dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for determination of itraconazole and hydroxy itraconazole by high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. ARAB J CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2023.104565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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Shu Y, Shi Y, Yang Y, Dong Z, Yi Q, Shi H. Progress of triazole antifungal agent posaconazole in individualized therapy. J Clin Pharm Ther 2022; 47:1966-1981. [PMID: 36461759 DOI: 10.1111/jcpt.13821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE Posaconazole is the second-generation triazole antifungal agent with widespread clinical application. Posaconazole exposure is influenced by various factors such as drug interactions, disease state and diet, resulting in a high interindividual variability in many patients and failure to ensure therapeutic efficacy. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct individualized therapy on posaconazole to ensure the efficacy and safety of treatment. METHODS Articles were identified through PubMed using the keywords such as "posaconazole," "therapeutic drug monitoring" and "Population pharmacokinetics" from 1 January 2001 to 30 April 2022. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION In this paper, we review the individualized treatment studies of posaconazole from the three aspects of therapeutic drug monitoring, population pharmacokinetic study and Monte Carlo simulation to provide reference for in-depth individualized posaconazole dosing studies. WHAT IS NEW AND CONCLUSION This review suggests that therapeutic drug monitoring should be performed in patients taking posaconazole to adjust the dosage and assess the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of posaconazole under different clinical conditions and different dosing regimens through Monte Carlo simulations. In the future, a more detailed delineation and comprehensive examination of posaconazole PPK for specific populations requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yishuo Shu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Pediatric Drug Development, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Jinan, China
| | - Yinping Shi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Pediatric Drug Development, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Jinan, China
| | - Yilei Yang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Pediatric Drug Development, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Jinan, China
| | - Zhonghua Dong
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Pediatric Drug Development, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Jinan, China
| | - Qiaoyan Yi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Pediatric Drug Development, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Jinan, China
| | - Haiyan Shi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Pediatric Drug Development, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Jinan, China
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Khalil HA, El-Yazbi AF, Hamdy DA, Belal TS. Application of HPTLC, spectrofluorimetry and differential pulse voltammetry for determination of the antifungal drug posaconazole in suspension dosage form. ANNALES PHARMACEUTIQUES FRANÇAISES 2019; 77:382-393. [PMID: 31138437 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharma.2019.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This work presents the development, validation and application of three simple and direct analytical methods for determination of posaconazole (PSZ) in its pure form and in suspension dosage form. Method I is based on high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) where effective separation of PSZ and the internal standard (itraconazole) was achieved using Merck HPTLC plates (20×10cm aluminium plates with 250μm layer thickness precoated with silicagel 60 F254) and a mobile phase composed of acetone and chloroform (1:2, by volume), followed by densitometric measurement of the drugs' spots at 262nm. Method II involves measurement of the native fluorescence of PSZ in 0.1M H2SO4 at excitation and emission wavelengths of 260 and 365nm, respectively. Method III depends on the voltammetric analysis of PSZ. A well-defined cathodic wave was obtained for PSZ in Britton-Robinson buffer pH 6.5 using the differential-pulse mode at the hanging mercury drop electrode (HMDE). The developed methods were validated according to the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines regarding linearity, ranges, accuracy, precision, robustness and limits of detection and quantification. The proposed methods showed good linearity over the concentration ranges 5-50, 0.05-0.3, 0.005-0.05μg/mL PSZ for methods I, II, and III respectively. Intra and inter-day precision were verified by the RSD% values which were less than 2%. The proposed methods were successfully applied for the quantification of PSZ in suspension dosage form with no observable interferences. Assay methods were favorably compared with those obtained by previously reported HPLC method.
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Affiliation(s)
- H A Khalil
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, 21521 Alexandria, Egypt
| | - A F El-Yazbi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, 21521 Alexandria, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, the American University of Beirut, Lebanon
| | - D A Hamdy
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, 21521 Alexandria, Egypt; AbEx Health Services LTD, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - T S Belal
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, 21521 Alexandria, Egypt.
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Reliable and Easy-To-Use Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method for Simultaneous Analysis of Fluconazole, Isavuconazole, Itraconazole, Hydroxy-Itraconazole, Posaconazole, and Voriconazole in Human Plasma and Serum. Ther Drug Monit 2018; 39:505-513. [PMID: 28742650 DOI: 10.1097/ftd.0000000000000438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A fast and easy-to-use liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination and quantification of 6 triazoles [fluconazole (FLZ), isavuconazole (ISZ), itraconazole (ITZ), hydroxy-itraconazole (OH-ITZ), posaconazole (PSZ), and voriconazole (VRZ)] in human plasma and serum was developed and validated for therapeutic drug monitoring. METHODS Sample preparation was based on protein precipitation with acetonitrile and subsequent centrifugation. Isotope-labeled analogues for each analyte were used as internal standards. Chromatographic separation was achieved using a 50 × 2.1 mm, 1.9 μm polar Hypersil Gold C18 column and mobile phase consisting of 0.1% formic acid/acetonitrile (45%/55%, vol/vol) at a flow rate of 340 μL/min. The triazoles were simultaneously detected using a triple-stage quadrupole mass spectrometer operated in selected reaction monitoring mode with positive heated electrospray ionization within a single runtime of t = 3.00 minutes. RESULTS Linearity of all azole concentration ranges was verified by the Mandel test and demonstrated for all azoles. All calibration curves were linear and fitted using least squares regression with a weighting factor of the reciprocal concentration. Limits of detection (μg/L/L) were FLZ, 9.3; ISZ, 0.3; ITZ, 0.6; OH-ITZ, 8.6; PSZ, 3.4; and VRZ, 2.1. The lower limits of quantitation (μg/L/liter) were FLZ, 28.3; ISZ, 1.0; ITZ, 1.7; OH-ITZ, 26.2; PSZ, 10.3; and VRZ, 6.3. Intraday and interday precisions ranged from 0.6% to 6.6% for all azoles. Intraday and interday accuracies (%bias) of all analytes were within 10.5%. In addition, we report on a 29-year-old white woman (94 kg body weight) with a history of acute myeloid leukemia who underwent stem cell transplantation. Because of diagnosis of aspergillus pneumonia, antifungal pharmacotherapy was initiated with different application modes and dosages of ISZ, and plasma concentrations were monitored over a time period of 6 months. CONCLUSIONS A precise and highly sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed that enables quantification of triazoles in plasma and serum matrix across therapeutically relevant concentration ranges. It was successfully implemented in our therapeutic drug monitoring routine service and is suitable for routine monitoring of antifungal therapy and in severely ill patients.
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Mugheirbi NA, Marsac PJ, Taylor LS. Insights into Water-Induced Phase Separation in Itraconazole–Hydroxypropylmethyl Cellulose Spin Coated and Spray Dried Dispersions. Mol Pharm 2017; 14:4387-4402. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naila A. Mugheirbi
- Department
of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Patrick J. Marsac
- College
of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, Kentucky 40536, United States
| | - Lynne S. Taylor
- Department
of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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Determination of Posaconazole in Plasma/Serum by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Fluorescence Detection. SEPARATIONS 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/separations4020016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Ceesay MM, Couchman L, Smith M, Wade J, Flanagan RJ, Pagliuca A. Triazole antifungals used for prophylaxis and treatment of invasive fungal disease in adult haematology patients: Trough serum concentrations in relation to outcome. Med Mycol 2016; 54:691-8. [DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myw031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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Shalaby A, Hassan WS, Hendawy HA, Ibrahim A. Electrochemical oxidation behavior of itraconazole at different electrodes and its anodic stripping determination in pharmaceuticals and biological fluids. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2015.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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High Performance Liquid Chromatographic Assay for the Simultaneous Determination of Posaconazole and Vincristine in Rat Plasma. Int J Anal Chem 2015; 2015:743915. [PMID: 27034675 PMCID: PMC4807048 DOI: 10.1155/2015/743915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 11/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose. Developing a validated HPLC-DAD method for simultaneous determination of posaconazole (PSZ) and vincristine (VCR) in rat plasma. Methods. PSZ, VCR, and itraconazole (ITZ) were extracted from 200 μL plasma using diethyl ether in the presence of 0.1 M sodium hydroxide solution. The organic layer was evaporated in vacuo and dried residue was reconstituted and injected through HC-C18 (4.6 × 250 mm, 5 μm) column. In the mobile phase, acetonitrile and 0.015 M potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate (30 : 70 to 80 : 20, linear gradient over 7 minutes) pumped at 1.5 mL/min. VCR and PSZ were measured at 220 and 262 nm, respectively. Two Sprague Dawley rats were orally dosed PSZ followed by iv dosing of VCR and serial blood sampling was performed. Results. VCR, PSZ, and ITZ were successfully separated within 11 min. Calibration curves were linear over the range of 50–5000 ng/mL for both drugs. The CV% and % error of the mean were ≤18% and limit of quantitation was 50 ng/mL for both drugs. Rat plasma concentrations of PSZ and VCR were simultaneously measured up to 72 h and their calculated pharmacokinetics parameters were comparable to the literature. Conclusion. The assay was validated as per ICH guidelines and is appropriate for pharmacokinetics drug-drug interaction studies.
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Hamdy DA, Belal TS. A Comparative Study of Newly Developed HPLC-DAD and UHPLC-UV Assays for the Determination of Posaconazole in Bulk Powder and Suspension Dosage Form. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2014; 2014:241035. [PMID: 25258695 PMCID: PMC4167226 DOI: 10.1155/2014/241035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2014] [Revised: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective. To develop and compare HPLC-DAD and UHPLC-UV assays for the quantitation of posaconazole in bulk powder and suspension dosage form. Methods. Posaconazole linearity range was 5-50 μg/mL for both assays. For HPLC-DAD assay, samples were injected through Zorbax SB-C18 (4.6 × 250 mm, 5 μm) column. The gradient elution composed of the mobile phase acetonitrile: 15 mM potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate (30 : 70 to 80 : 20, linear over 7 minutes) pumped at 1.5 mL/min. For UHPLC-UV assay, samples were injected through Kinetex-C18 (2.1 × 50 mm, 1.3 μm) column. The mobile phase composed of acetonitrile: 15 mM potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate (45 : 55) pumped isocratically at 0.4 mL/min. Detection wavelength was 262 nm in both methods. Results. The run time was 11 and 3 minutes for HPLC-DAD and UHPLC-UV assays, respectively. Both assays were linear (r (2) > 0.999) with CV% and % error of the mean <3%. Limits of detection and quantitation were 0.82 and 2.73 μg/mL for HPLC-DAD and 1.04 and 3.16 μg/mL for UHPLC-UV, respectively. The methods quantitated PSZ in suspension dosage form with no observable interferences. Conclusions. Both assays were proven sensitive and selective according to ICH guidelines. UHPLC-UV assay exhibited some economic and chromatographic separation superiority.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia A. Hamdy
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, 1 Khartoum Square, Azarita, Alexandria 21521, Egypt
- *Dalia A. Hamdy:
| | - Tarek S. Belal
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, 1 Khartoum Square, Azarita, Alexandria 21521, Egypt
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Current world literature. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2012; 25:718-28. [PMID: 23147811 DOI: 10.1097/qco.0b013e32835af239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Couchman L. Turbulent flow chromatography in bioanalysis: a review. Biomed Chromatogr 2012; 26:892-905. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.2769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2012] [Accepted: 05/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lewis Couchman
- Toxicology Unit, Department of Clinical Biochemistry; King's College Hospital; Denmark Hill; London; SE5 9RS
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An automated method for the simultaneous measurement of azole antifungal drugs in human plasma or serum using turbulent flow liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 404:513-23. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-6176-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2012] [Revised: 05/30/2012] [Accepted: 05/30/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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