The Use of Social Media and Its Influence on Undergoing Rhinoplasty

TikTok Videos Related to Rhinoplasty in China: Characteristics and the Quality of the Information

BACKGROUND

There are numerous videos related to rhinoplasty on TikTok in China. The objective is to examine videos on Chinese TikTok regarding rhinoplasty surgery and evaluate the content quality of rhinoplasty-related videos on TikTok.

METHOD

We collected 184 Chinese video samples related to rhinoplasty and extracted basic information. We used the PEMAT-A/V tool to evaluate each video.

RESULTS

A total of 184 videos were included in the study. The sampled videos received approximately 4.8 million likes, 900,000 comments, and 300,000 favorites. Most of the videos (n = 130, 70.65%) were posted by certified plastic surgeons on the TikTok platform. This study found that 6 (3.26%) videos contained obvious errors or misleading information. Regarding the PEMAT-A/V, the median total score was 85.71 (n = 184, IQR = 78.57-92.45%). Videos created by plastic surgeons had the highest comprehension score (n = 130, median = 100%, IQR = 91.67-100%), while videos from news media (n = 16, median = 75%, IQR = 70.76-77.34%) had the lowest usability and PEMAT-A/V total scores. In terms of video content, the PEMAT-A/V total score for surgical risks/contraindications related content (n = 15, median = 92.86%, IQR = 83.48-92.86%) was the highest, while scores for complaint-related content (n = 20, median = 75, IQR = 71.43-78.57%) were the lowest.

CONCLUSIONS

This study is the first report in China to evaluate the quality of information in nose plastic surgery-related videos on TikTok. We found that the quality of videos created by plastic surgeons on the TikTok platform is generally high, while videos provided by news media have lower quality. We encourage healthcare professionals to share more high-quality information on TikTok and educate patients on how to properly handle misinformation.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV

This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

Social Media Influence on Body Image and Cosmetic Surgery Considerations: A Systematic Review

Social media platforms like Instagram (Meta Platforms, Inc., Menlo Park, California, United States) and Snapchat (Snap Inc., California, United States) significantly influence motivations for aesthetic surgery by promoting idealized and digitally enhanced images. Understanding their impact on body image dissatisfaction and acceptance of cosmetic procedures is crucial. A systematic review following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines explored the link between social media, body image dissatisfaction, and cosmetic surgery. The review included 25 studies with 13,731 participants. Specific findings revealed that 70% of young adult women and 60% of young adult men report dissatisfaction with their bodies, leading to increased surgical considerations. The search process utilized databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar, employing keywords like "cosmetic surgery," "social media," and "body image dissatisfaction" for articles published between January 2013 and December 2023. Both men and women show increased dissatisfaction with body parts, leading to surgical considerations. Social media's emphasis on visual aesthetics fosters body dissatisfaction and social appearance anxiety, especially through selfies. Cultural norms and celebrity influence further shape beauty perceptions. While social media promotes cosmetic surgery acceptance, ethical concerns about misleading advertisements, unrealistic beauty standards, and patient privacy persist. This underscores the need for strategies to promote healthy body image and informed choices in the digital age.

What are Board-Certified Plastic Surgeons Posting on Instagram?

BACKGROUND

Plastic surgeons increasingly use social media to market their practices and educate prospective patients. Previous studies have investigated plastic surgery content on Instagram from the angle of hashtags and most popular plastic surgeons. However, very little is understood about what plastic surgeons themselves post on Instagram and what plastic surgery content average users engage with.

OBJECTIVES

The aim of this study was to analyze Instagram posts from accounts related to plastic surgeons in the USA to establish suggestions for growing one's practice with this powerful platform to reach patients.

METHODS

Board-certified plastic surgeons from all US regions that were active from February 1, 2023 to April 12, 2023 were randomly chosen. Their Instagram accounts were accessed for post analysis. For procedural posts, engagement statistics and multiple variables were collected. Dixon's outlier test was used to determine outliers in the data. ANCOVA and Tukey analysis was used to determine whether procedure type influenced engagement.

RESULTS

120 surgeon accounts were identified with 2157 posts analyzed, yielding notable differences in posts among regions. Most posts were aesthetic procedures (94.4%) and of female patients (90.3%). Surgical procedures were also predominant (86.1%). In addition, Reels had higher engagement than photograph posts. Users engaged with Body procedures at the highest rate.

CONCLUSIONS

This cross-sectional analysis shows plastic surgeons tend to overwhelmingly post female patients, aesthetic procedures, and surgical content. These insights may be used to guide social media content and improve the effectiveness of Instagram as a tool for marketing or education.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV

This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.

Prospective Evaluation of Aesthetic and Functional Outcomes following Video-Assisted Rhino-Septoplasty

BACKGROUND

Conservative techniques have been developed in the field of rhinoplasty, focusing on limited tissue resection while emphasizing the reshaping of nasal structural elements.

OBJECTIVES

We aimed to prospectively evaluate aesthetic and functional outcomes following Video-Assisted Rhino-Septoplasty (VARS) using validated tools.

METHODS

Patients' self-reported outcomes were assessed before and 6 months after surgery. Aesthetic evaluations used FACE-Q Rhinoplasty modules (FQRM) Satisfaction with Nose and Nostrils. Functional evaluations were performed with NOSE scores. T-tests were used to determine the significance of the change in scores before and after surgery. p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS

Fifty patients were included (sex ratio = 0.16, mean age = 30 y.o., 78% primary cases). All patients had associated septoplasties, and 32 had inferior turbinate reductions. Mean FQRM Nose scores were 28.1 ± 16.3 before vs. 83.4 ± 17.2/100 after surgery. Mean FQRM Nostrils scores were 61.5 ± 28.6 before vs. 85 ± 21/100 after surgery. Mean NOSE scores were 49.5 ± 36.3 before vs. 14.8 ± 16.6/100 after surgery. All p <0.001. We found no correlation between FQRM Nose and NOSE scores after surgery (ρ = -0.1553, IC95% (-0.41;0.12), p = 0.28).

CONCLUSION

Our study showed that VARS is an effective technique, yielding high patient satisfaction in both aesthetic and functional outcomes.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE II

This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.

Awareness and Interest in Rhinoplasty and Its Postoperative Complications Among Females in the Northern Border Region, Saudi Arabia

BACKGROUND

Rhinoplasty is a popular cosmetic surgical procedure that aims to reshape the nose, enhance its appearance, and improve nasal function. This study investigated the awareness, attitudes, and interest in rhinoplasty among females in the Northern Border Region of Saudi Arabia, as well as their knowledge of potential postoperative complications.

METHODS

An online survey was used to perform a cross-sectional study. Female participants aged between 18 and 45 years, living in the Northern Border Region of Saudi Arabia, were selected. The questionnaire consisted of three main sections: personal information, attitude toward rhinoplasty, and complications of rhinoplasty.

RESULTS

905 females participated in our study. The majority (87.8%, n=795) had heard about rhinoplasty before, and 54.9% (n=497) knew someone who had undergone the surgery. Social media was the most common source of information about rhinoplasty (67.2%, n=608). A significant proportion of participants (72.4%, n=655) believed that their nose appearance sometimes or always limited their social and professional activities. However, only 16.7% (n=151) expressed a desire to change or improve their nose appearance through surgery. The educational status of the participant (*p*=0.027) and their father (*p*=0.011) were significantly associated with interest in rhinoplasty. Satisfaction with nose appearance, breathing, and family and friends' opinions about the participant's nose were also significantly associated with interest in rhinoplasty (*p*<0.001 for all). The majority of participants (88.4%, n=800) were aware of at least one complication, with the most recognized complications being breath disorders (74.6%, n=675), headache (70.6%, n=639), and mismatch of their new noses with the rest of their faces (69.8%, n=632). Age (*p*=0.008), city of residence (*p*<0.001), and satisfaction of family and friends with the participant's nose (*p*=0.019) were significantly associated with complication awareness.

CONCLUSION

This study found that women in Saudi Arabia's Northern Border Region had a high level of awareness and interest in rhinoplasty, despite concerns regarding the safety, availability of educational resources, and ethical considerations in promoting the procedure. The findings highlight the need for accurate and comprehensive information about rhinoplasty and its potential complications to be readily available to the public, particularly through targeted educational interventions and responsible advertising regulations.

Gender Affirmation Surgery-related Hashtag Utilization on Instagram: Implications for Education and Patient Care

Background

Gender-affirmation surgery (GAS) allows for transgender and nonconforming patients to achieve a more congruent physical appearance and alleviate dysphoria. Social media, such as Instagram, has adopted an increasingly important role in plastic and reconstructive surgery, and understanding trends and usage related to GAS can have significant implications for patient education and outreach. As such, this cross-sectional study aims to address the following questions related to GAS-related content available on Instagram: (1) Who is posting this content? (2) What specific hashtags are they using? and (3) What are the implications behind these posts?

Methods

This study analyzed 22 GAS-related hashtags on Instagram. Content analysis was then used to evaluate the "top" 15 posts (n = 330) associated with each hashtag.

Results

A total of 425,607 posts were associated with the 22 hashtags queried. #topsurgery had the highest number of associated posts (n = 279,480), followed by #ftmtopsurgery (n = 41,769) and #vaginoplasty (n = 39,737). Of the "top" 330 posts, 299 were not duplicates. Plastic surgeons eligible for membership in the American Society of Plastic Surgeons accounted for only 1.7% of "top" posts (n = 5); noneligible physicians accounted for 6.0% of posts (n = 18). Patients accounted for the majority of the "top" posts sampled (n = 236; 79.9%).

Conclusions

When used appropriately, social media can be a powerful tool for spreading awareness on procedures and educating patients. Although there is a paucity of plastic surgeons posting GAS-related content on Instagram, patients are playing an important role in disseminating information.

The Effect and Implication of Social Media Platforms on Cosmetic Facial Plastic Surgery Among Females in Saudi Arabia

Introduction Facial plastic surgery addresses various facial imperfections, offering a range of procedures like rhinoplasty and facelifts. Social media promotes unrealistic beauty standards, leading to increased demand for such surgeries. Studies highlight its influence, emphasizing the need for research in this area. Our study aimed to evaluate the effect of social media advertisements and selfies on facial cosmetic surgery decisions and plans among females in Saudi Arabia. Methodology This is a cross-sectional study conducted in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia that targeted females aged 18-80 years old. An electronic questionnaire in Arabic was used for data collection. Data was analyzed in IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 29 (Released 2023; IBM Corp., Armonk, New York, United States). Results Our study assessed 568 Saudi females regarding social media's impact on facial cosmetic surgery. Most of them were aged 21-30 years (39.4%) and Saudi nationals (94.2%). The majority, 87.9% (n=499), had not undergone cosmetic surgeries, and 12.1% (n=69) had; 68.1% (n=387) did not plan future surgeries. Notably, 42.6% (n=242) cited surgeon self-advertising and 38.0% (n=216) better selfies as an influencing factor in their cosmetic surgery decision. Logistic regression revealed several significant predictors of cosmetic surgery decisions including surgeon's advertisement (Exp(B) = 2.812, p < 0.001), cosmetic show viewing (Exp(B) = 2.327, p = 0.004), and social media photos (Exp(B) = 2.762, p = 0.001). Education (Exp(B) = 1.533, p = 0.035) and previous surgery (Exp(B) = 4.523, p < 0.001) correlated positively with considering surgery. Conclusion Our study highlights social media's influence on facial cosmetic surgery decisions among Saudi females. Surgeon advertisements, social media exposure, education, and previous surgery history emerged as significant predictors, warranting further research and targeted interventions.

Interest in Rhinoplasty and Awareness of Postoperative Complications Among Female High School Students in Taif, Saudi Arabia

Background and objective There has been a significant increase in rhinoplasty procedures in Saudi Arabia recently. Cultural factors, societal pressure, and a desire for beauty and self-improvement contribute to the growing interest in cosmetic procedures among the Saudi population. However, limited research has been conducted specifically focusing on the interest in rhinoplasty and the awareness of postoperative complications among female high school students. This study aimed to investigate the interest in rhinoplasty and awareness of postoperative complications among female high school students in Taif, Saudi Arabia. Methodology A cross-sectional observational study was conducted among female high school students through January and February 2024 using a validated questionnaire comprising sociodemographic characteristics, attitudes toward rhinoplasty, and the females' familiarity with the postoperative complications of rhinoplasty. Results The study was conducted among 737 female high school students. About half of the females (N = 376, 51%) were 18 years old, and the other half were under 18 years old (N = 361, 49%). Out of the total females, only 19 (2.6%) underwent cosmetic surgery, with 6 (60%) opting for rhinoplasty. The study found that 152 (20.6%) females were interested in rhinoplasty, and about a quarter of them (N = 99, 13.4%) did not feel happy about their noses. The most common rhinoplasty complications reported by the respondents were a mismatch of the new nose with the rest of the face (N = 471, 63.9%), headache (N = 459, 62.3%), breathing disorders (N = 458, 62.1%), dissatisfaction with the new nose (N = 437, 59.3%), and nose blockage (N = 427, 57.9%). It was found that interest in rhinoplasty was significantly more common among participants having relatives or friends who underwent rhinoplasty than others (N = 51, 25.8% vs. N = 85, 17.2%, respectively; P = 0.010). Moreover, it was revealed that interest in rhinoplasty was significantly more common among participants who were not happy with their nose (N = 78, 78.8%) than those who were happy with their nose (N = 41, 8.3%) and those who did not care (N = 33, 22.9%) (P < 0.001). Conclusions The study revealed that a significant percentage of participants expressed interest in rhinoplasty, indicating a desire for nose reshaping. Counseling services should be available to support students in developing positive body image and self-acceptance. Furthermore, it is important to establish guidelines for media and advertising to guarantee accurate information from surgeons and psychiatrists, ensuring that the public receives balanced and reliable information.

Viral voices: A multi-platform analysis of tonsillectomy on social media

OBJECTIVES

To assess the influence of social media platforms, including TikTok, Instagram, and Facebook, in shaping public perceptions about tonsillectomies and to identify the nature of the content disseminated on these platforms.

METHODS

A comprehensive analysis of 1482 relevant social media posts related to tonsillectomies was conducted across major platforms, including TikTok, Instagram, and Facebook. Content was categorized based on author, topic of the post, timeframe, and overall tone. The study also compared engagement metrics across platforms.

RESULTS

TikTok emerged as the most engaging platform with a mean of 3272.8 likes per post. Patients drove 61.6 % of the discourse, with 63.9 % of discussions being lifestyle oriented. Educational content constituted 12.5 % of the overall discourse. Sentiments towards the procedure were almost evenly split, with 29.4 % positive and 28.5 % negative; 92 % of the negative posts were authored by patients.

CONCLUSIONS

Patients were the most common social media authors, driving the conversation and a significant portion expressing negative views. Physicians, conversely, showed a low level of social media engagement. By understanding and addressing online narratives, clinicians can offer more informed patient support, debunk myths, and provide empathetic insights, ensuring positive patient experiences in the era of digital health communication.

Public Interest in the Off-Label Use of Glucagon-like Peptide 1 Agonists (Ozempic) for Cosmetic Weight Loss: A Google Trends Analysis

Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) agonists are a drug class used for the treatment of diabetes that have recently gained FDA approval for medical management of obesity. The off-label use of Ozempic (Novo Nordisk, Bagsværd, Denmark), the brand name of the GLP-1 agonist semaglutide, for cosmetic weight loss has been popularized by social media and celebrity influence. The aim of this study was to analyze with Google Trends (Alphabet Inc., Mountain View, CA) the recent search popularity of Ozempic and related GLP-1 agonists. The term "Ozempic" was analyzed with Google Trends. Search popularity was assessed in terms of relative search volume (RSV) over a 5-year period. Changes in RSV were further compared with other GLP-1 agonists, "Wegovy" (Novo NordisK) and "Mounjaro" (Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN). Between March 2018 and February 2023, overall RSV in "Ozempic" grew exponentially in the United States. Simple linear regression analysis showed significantly increased RSV over time with an R2 of 0.915 and a regression coefficient of 0.957 (P < .001). When comparing "Ozempic," "Wegovy," and "Mounjaro" since June 2021 (FDA approval of Wegovy), Ozempic remained at the greatest RSV. One-way analysis of variance found statistically significant differences between the 3 search terms at all time points between December 2021 and February 2023 (P < .001). This study demonstrates a significant and growing public interest in Ozempic and related GLP-1 agonists. As the use of GLP-1 agonists for weight loss becomes more prevalent, plastic surgeons, particularly in the aesthetic setting, must be prepared for the downstream implications. Increased awareness, understanding, and further scientific studies led by plastic surgeons will help deliver the safest possible patient outcomes.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3

The Effect of Social Media Usage, Appearance-Related Social Media Pressure and Body Mass Index on Body Appreciation of Cosmetic Procedure Patients

BACKGROUND

The number of cosmetic procedures has increased in recent years. Social media use and its effects on plastic surgery decisions are among the most widely discussed topics. This study aimed to test a research model that explores the relationship between social media usage frequency, appearance-related social media pressure, and body mass index (BMI) on the body appreciation of patients undergoing cosmetic procedures, and to evaluate their clinical impacts.

METHODS

In total, 136 participants were included in this study, which met and exceeded the sample size requirement. The questionnaire was designed by using reliable scales and demographic data. Partial least squares structural equation modeling was used to test the hypothesized research model.

RESULTS

The mean age of the participants was 35 years, and 70% had normal BMI scores. Among them, 59.6% underwent invasive procedures and 40.4% underwent minimally invasive procedures. BMI negatively affected body appreciation (β = 0.199, p < 0.05). Social media did not have a significant effect on appearance-related social media pressure (β = 0.001, p > 0.05). Appearance-related social media pressure negatively affected body appreciation (β = - 0.280. p > 0.05).

CONCLUSION

Social media is not only an information source but also creates pressure on appearance. Therefore, plastic surgeons should use social media and consider the psychology of patients during their communication.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV

This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

Influence of High Expectations and Selfie Photographs on the Satisfaction Level of Facial Plastic Surgery in the Eastern Region of Saudi Arabia

Introduction Selfies are most commonly posted on social media, where their popularity has led to intensified awareness by the subjects of their appearance. This, led to higher demand for cosmetic procedures, intending to enhance how the subject appears in future selfies. Aim This study aims to evaluate the influence of high expectations and selfie photographs on satisfaction level results of facial plastic surgery in Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia. Subject and methods This cross-sectional study was conducted among Eastern Province residents of Saudi Arabia. A self-administered questionnaire was sent to the residents using an online survey. The questionnaire included demographic characteristics (i.e., age, gender, nationality, etc.) and specific questions regarding the influence of selfie photographs and high expectations on the satisfaction rates among patients who had facial plastic surgery. Results Of the 192 participants, 79.2% were females, and 44.8% were aged between 18 to 30 years old. The most commonly sought cosmetic surgery was rhinoplasty (38.5%). 71.4% were taking selfies, while 39.1% perceived better expectations with plastic surgery. High expectations with plastic surgery were more prevalent in older and married participants. It is important to note that an increased satisfaction rate after cosmetic procedures was more associated with high expectations of plastic surgery. Conclusion High expectations directly influence satisfaction with appearance after the cosmetic procedure, but taking selfies does not. Respondents of older age and who were married demonstrated better expectations of plastic surgery compared to the rest of the groups. More investigations are required to confirm the relationship between expectation and taking selfies in terms of satisfaction with self-appearance after cosmetic surgery.

Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists for Chronic Weight Management

Rates of obesity have risen over the past few decades. Subsequently, the popularity of the pharmaceutical weight-loss drug market has grown over the past few years to meet growing demand. Among the most commonly prescribed drugs for weight management, many are glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 agonists) which are also utilized for the management of type 2 diabetes. There is a substantial and growing body of research comparing the efficacy of different clinical trials and examining long-term safety. This literature review examines the rise of off-label prescribing practices in the management of weight, with a focus on GLP-1 agonists. Physicians and patients should be aware of the unique aspects of existing treatment options, the impacts of off-label prescribing, and the effects of these medications. This review emphasizes the importance of informed decision-making, as well as the need for further research to guide future clinical practice.

The Influence of Social Media on the Decision of Rhinoplasty Among Adults in the Western and Southern Regions of Saudi Arabia: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

Introduction Rhinoplasty, a cosmetic surgical procedure aimed at altering the appearance of the nose, has gained immense popularity worldwide. Patients undergo this procedure for various reasons, ranging from aesthetic concerns to functional impairments. Social media, being a ubiquitous platform for sharing and consuming visual content, has emerged as a potential influencer for individuals contemplating rhinoplasty. This study aims to investigate the impact of social media on the prevalence of rhinoplasty among individuals residing in the southern and western regions of Saudi Arabia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted through an online self-administered questionnaire, targeting male and female adults aged 18 years or older, residing in the western and southern regions of Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire comprised 17 questions, categorized into two sections. The first section sought demographic information, including age, gender, education, and other relevant characteristics. The second section focused on the influence of social media on the decision-making process related to rhinoplasty. Results A total of 1645 participants responded to the survey, with 96.80% being Saudi citizens. The majority of respondents were females (69.11%); 58.52% of the respondents were from the western region of Saudi Arabia, while 41.48% lived in the southern region. Most participants (64.27%) were aged between 18 and 30 years. The study revealed that Snapchat (Snap Inc., Santa Monica, California, United States) was the most influential social media platform, with 43.41% of respondents reporting it as the key influencer for their decision to undergo rhinoplasty. Twitter (Twitter, Inc., San Francisco, California, United States) and Instagram (Meta Platforms, Inc., Menlo Park, California, United States) followed at 22.97% and 12.09%, respectively. Interestingly, 28.42% of respondents acknowledged that social media played a significant role in their decision to undergo rhinoplasty, particularly when promoted by celebrities or trusted figures. Comparing responses from the western and southern regions, the study showed that individuals from the southern region were relatively more influenced by social media, with 27.8% and 29.3% of respondents reporting the influence from the two regions, respectively. Out of the total respondents, only 38.75% reported dissatisfaction with their nose's appearance and condition, while 23.60% expressed a tendency towards undergoing rhinoplasty. Conclusion The study's findings underscore the critical role of social media in influencing patients' decisions to undergo rhinoplasty, particularly in the southern region of Saudi Arabia. Snapchat emerged as the most influential social media platform, with celebrities' pictures before and after the procedure being the leading factor in motivating patients to undergo rhinoplasty. The study highlights the need for further research to explore the potential risks and benefits associated with the influence of social media on patients' decision-making regarding rhinoplasty.

Use and Influence of Social Media on the Private Practice of Plastic Surgeons in Saudi Arabia

Today, social media platforms are more popular than ever in Saudi Arabia. Despite the influence of social media on patients' decisions to undergo cosmetic surgery, it is still unclear how social media platforms affect the private practice of plastic surgeons around Saudi Arabia. This study aimed to assess Saudi plastic surgeons' use of social media and its impact on their practices.

Methods

The study was based on a self-administered questionnaire that was built on previous literature and distributed to practicing Saudi plastic surgeons. A survey consisting of 12 items was conducted to assess patterns of social media use and its impact on plastic surgery practice.

Results

This study included 61 participants. Thirty-four surgeons (55.7%) were using social media platforms in their practice. The use of social media was significantly different among surgeons with different levels of practice in cosmetic surgery (P = 0.004) and reconstructive surgery (P = 0.049). Social media presence was significantly more prevalent among surgeons in private practice (70.6%, P = 0.034). The use of social media in plastic surgery is overall positive for the field (60.7%).

Conclusions

Despite plastic surgeons' differing views on social media, its role within the field of plastic surgery is evidently on the rise. The use of social media is not equal across all practice types. Surgeons practicing in private hospitals and specializing in aesthetic surgery are more likely to view social media favorably and use it in their practice.

Adult Knowledge About Postoperative Complications of Rhinoplasty in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia

Background Rhinoplasty, a prevalent cosmetic surgical procedure worldwide, is not exempt from associated risks and complications, as with any other surgery. In light of the surging demand for rhinoplasty amongst young adults, it is imperative to acknowledge that the procedure can engender various complications that can be classified as either early or late complications. Examples of early complications include epistaxis and periorbital ecchymosis, while late complications may manifest as enophthalmos or septal perforation. The present study endeavors to gauge the knowledge of rhinoplasty complications among adult residents of the Western region of Saudi Arabia. Methods To achieve the research objectives, a cross-sectional study design was implemented, utilizing a self-administered online questionnaire. The study targeted male and female adults aged 18 years and above residing in the Western region of Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire comprised of 14 items, categorized into socio-demographic and rhinoplasty postoperative complications sections, respectively. Results The study gathered responses from a total of 968 participants, of which 60.95% fell within the age range of 18-30 years. The majority of participants identified as female (77.89%), and Saudi citizens constituted the vast majority of the respondents (96.28%). Among the participants, 22.62% expressed a desire to undergo rhinoplasty, whereas 77.38% indicated no interest in the procedure. Of those who sought rhinoplasty, the majority favored having the surgery performed by a skilled physician (81.74%). Notably, participants exhibited a relatively high level of awareness regarding the postoperative complications of rhinoplasty, with respiratory issues being the most widely recognized complication (66.63%). Conversely, headache, nausea, and vomiting were the least familiar complications (100%). Conclusion The study findings reveal a considerable knowledge gap among adults residing in the Western region of Saudi Arabia concerning rhinoplasty's possible postoperative complications. The results underscore the pressing need to establish comprehensive educational and awareness-raising programs to equip individuals contemplating the procedure with the requisite information to make informed decisions. Future research endeavors could delve into the underlying determinants that drive the desire for rhinoplasty and assess potential interventions geared toward augmenting individuals' comprehension and knowledge of the procedure.

The Impact of Snapchat Use on Self-Image and Inclination Toward Cosmetic Procedures in Saudi Arabia

Background Exposure to social media gives individuals more significant body image concerns, and many studies have emphasized that people with a negative body image are more interested in cosmetic surgery. So, increased exposure to celebrities with aesthetic images and exposure to cosmetic Surgery information and advertisements lead to negative body image in the exposed populations. Aim This study aimed to determine the impact of social media on self-image inclination toward cosmetic procedures. Subjects and methods This is a cross-sectional study conducted among an adult population in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed among participants using social media platforms. the questionnaire was sought information on socio-demographic characteristics (age, gender, education, etc.), the influence of social media on the decision to undergo cosmetic surgery, and the Acceptance of Cosmetic Surgery Scale (ACSS). Results Among the 1064 participants recruited, 41.4% were aged less than 25 with females outnumbering men substantially (82.1). Twenty-seven of the respondents increased their desire to undergo a cosmetic procedure due to advertisements or publications posted on social media. The total mean ACSS score was 3.36 (SD 1.69) out of 10 points, indicating lower acceptance. The socio-demographic variables associated with increased ACSS scores were being older, female, educated, having been married, and previous history of cosmetic surgery. Conclusion Despite the influence of Snapchat on body image, there was a low inclination to undergo cosmetic surgery among the general population in Saudi Arabia. The tendency to undergo cosmetic surgery tends to increase due to the influence of increased social media following, social media influencers, and advertisements and publications posted on social media platforms. More research is warranted to determine the perspectives of the general public regarding the influence of social media platforms on the inclination to undergo cosmetic surgery procedures for the enhancement of body appearance.