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Rivera SI, Bernal CP, Martínez-Peláez R, Robledo-Nolasco R, De León-Larios G, Félix VG, Ostos R, Maestre GE, Melgarejo JD, Mena LJ. Computer Simulation of Catheter Cryoablation for Pulmonary Vein Isolation. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1508. [PMID: 39120212 PMCID: PMC11312416 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12151508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Cryoablation is a well-established medical procedure for surgically treating atrial fibrillation. Cryothermal catheter therapy induces cellular necrosis by freezing the insides of pulmonary veins, with the goal of disrupting abnormal electrical heart signals. Nevertheless, tissue damage induced by cold temperatures may also lead to other complications after cardiac surgery. In this sense, the simulation of catheter ablation can provide safer environments for training and the performance of cryotherapy interventions. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a novel approach to help better understand how temperature rates can affect this procedure by using computer tools to develop a simulation framework to predict lesion size and determine optimal temperature conditions for reducing the risk of major complications. The results showed that a temperature profile of around -40 °C caused less penetration, reduced necrotic damage, and smaller lesion size in the tissue. Instead, cryotherapy close to -60 °C achieved a greater depth of temperature flow inside the tissue and a larger cross-section area of the lesion. With further development and validation, the framework could represent a cost-effective strategy for providing personalized modeling, better planning of cryocatheter-based treatment, and preventing surgical complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solange I. Rivera
- Department of Chemical, Electronic and Biomedical Engineering, Science and Engineering Division, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato 36250, Mexico;
| | - Clara P. Bernal
- Faculty of Engineering and Technologies, Universidad La Salle Bajío, Leon 36700, Mexico;
| | - Rafael Martínez-Peláez
- Department of Systems and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Geological Sciences, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta 1270709, Chile;
- Computer Academic Unit, School of Information Technologies, Universidad Politécnica de Sinaloa, Mazatlan 82199, Mexico; (V.G.F.); (R.O.)
| | - Rogelio Robledo-Nolasco
- Department of Interventional Cardiology and Electrophysiology, Centro Médico Nacional 20 de Noviembre ISSSTE, Mexico City 03100, Mexico; (R.R.-N.); (G.D.L.-L.)
| | - Gerardo De León-Larios
- Department of Interventional Cardiology and Electrophysiology, Centro Médico Nacional 20 de Noviembre ISSSTE, Mexico City 03100, Mexico; (R.R.-N.); (G.D.L.-L.)
| | - Vanessa G. Félix
- Computer Academic Unit, School of Information Technologies, Universidad Politécnica de Sinaloa, Mazatlan 82199, Mexico; (V.G.F.); (R.O.)
| | - Rodolfo Ostos
- Computer Academic Unit, School of Information Technologies, Universidad Politécnica de Sinaloa, Mazatlan 82199, Mexico; (V.G.F.); (R.O.)
| | - Gladys E. Maestre
- Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX 78550, USA; (G.E.M.); (J.D.M.)
| | - Jesús D. Melgarejo
- Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX 78550, USA; (G.E.M.); (J.D.M.)
| | - Luis J. Mena
- Computer Academic Unit, School of Information Technologies, Universidad Politécnica de Sinaloa, Mazatlan 82199, Mexico; (V.G.F.); (R.O.)
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Bonczar M, Piątek-Koziej K, Wolska J, Tomala O, Stitou EA, Pękala J, Pękala P, Walocha J, Hołda M, Koziej M. Variations in human pulmonary vein ostia morphology: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Clin Anat 2022; 35:906-926. [PMID: 35460116 DOI: 10.1002/ca.23896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to establish the most accurate and up-to-date anatomical knowledge of pulmonary veins (PV), ostia variations, diameters and ostial area, to provide physicians, especially heart and thoracic surgeons with exact knowledge concerning this area. The main online medical databases, such as PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, were searched to gather all studies in which the variations, maximal diameter, and ostial area of the PVs were investigated. During the study, the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. Additionally, the critical appraisal tool for anatomical meta-analysis (CATAM) was used to provide the highest quality findings. The most common ostia variation is the classical one, which contains the left superior pulmonary vein (LSPV), left inferior pulmonary vein (LIPV), right superior pulmonary vein (RSPV) and right inferior pulmonary vein (RIPV). The mean diameter and ostial area of each pulmonary vein were established in the general population and in multiple variations considering the method of collecting the data and geographical location. Significant variability in PV ostia is observed. Left-sided PVs have smaller ostia than the corresponding right-sided PVs, and the inferior PVs ostia are smaller than the superior. The LCPV ostium size is the largest among all veins analyzed, while the RMPV ostium is the smallest. The results of this meta-analysis are hoped to help clinicians in planning and performing procedures that involve the pulmonary and cardiac areas, especially catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Bonczar
- Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | | | - Joanna Wolska
- Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Olaf Tomala
- Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - El-Ayachi Stitou
- Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jakub Pękala
- Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Przemysław Pękala
- Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jerzy Walocha
- Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Mateusz Hołda
- HEART - Heart Embryology and Anatomy Research Team, Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland.,Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, The University of Manchester, UK
| | - Mateusz Koziej
- Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland.,HEART - Heart Embryology and Anatomy Research Team, Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
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