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Zhao F, Chen DY, Jing B, Jiang Y, Liu LY, Song H. Effect of Flammulina velutipes polysaccharide on mitochondrial apoptosis in lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16102. [PMID: 38997305 PMCID: PMC11245558 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57211-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
FVP is a polysaccharide extracted from Flammulina velutipes with immunomodulatory, anti-tumor, and anti-oxidation activities. In this study, we obtained the crude polysaccharide FVP-C from the water extract of Flammulina velutipes, and its main component FVP-S1 was obtained after further purification. Upon structural identification, we found that FVP-C is a neutral polysaccharide, and FVP-S1 was an acidic golden mushroom polysaccharide, consisting of glucuronic acid, xylose, and glucose. Lung adenocarcinoma (A549) was treated with FVP-S1 and FVP-C, respectively, and we found that FVP-S1 and FVP-C inhibited the proliferation and migration ability of tumor cells, as well as changed the morphology of the tumor cells and caused chromosome sheteropythosis, among which FVP-S1 had the best inhibition effect. The results of flow cytometry experiments and mitochondrial membrane potential, RT-qPCR, and Western blot showed that FVP-S1 and FVP-C were able to decrease the mitochondrial membrane potential, increase the expression level of apoptotic proteins Casepase-3 and Casepase-9 proteins, and at the same time, increase the ratio of Bax and Bcl-2, which promoted apoptosis of tumor cells. In conclusion, these data indicated that FVP-S1 and FVP-C were able to induce apoptosis in A549 cells through the mitochondrial pathway, which played an important role in inhibiting tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zhao
- School of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan-Yang Chen
- School of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 4899 Juye Street, Changchun, 130112, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Jing
- School of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Jiang
- School of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan-Yue Liu
- School of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Song
- School of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, People's Republic of China.
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Changchun, 130118, People's Republic of China.
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Supawat B, Vorasiripreecha W, Wattanapongpitak S, Kothan S, Tungjai M. Effects of low-dose radiation on human blood components after in vitro exposure to gamma radiation from 137Cs radioactivity. Appl Radiat Isot 2023; 192:110577. [PMID: 36459900 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2022.110577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This current study was designed to determine the effects of in vitro exposure to radioactive cesium-137 on human blood components. Whole blood samples were given a radiation dose of 0.02, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 mGy of gamma radiation using a 137Cs radioactive standard source. The whole blood samples that were exposed to 0 mGy served as sham-controls. The spectrofluoroscopic technique was used to determine the autofluorescence spectrum of protein in plasma or red blood cells by using excitation wavelength and range of emission wavelengths at 280 nm and 300-550 nm, respectively. The hemolysis of red blood cells was evaluated by determination of the release of hemoglobin from the red blood cells to the supernatant. Complete blood counts were also determined in whole blood. The results showed that there was no change in the ratio of fluorescence emission intensity at 340 nm of wavelength of protein extract from irradiated whole blood or red blood cells compared to the corresponding non-irradiated control. The hemolysis value did not change in irradiated whole blood when compared to the corresponding non-irradiated group. In addition, complete blood count values in irradiated groups did not differ from non-irradiated group. These current results suggested that there were no harmful effects of the low-dose gamma radiation from radioactive 137Cs on blood components when human whole blood was exposed to gamma radiation in an in vitro condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamaporn Supawat
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Radiation Research and Medical Imaging Unit, Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Watcharit Vorasiripreecha
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Sakornniya Wattanapongpitak
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Radiation Research and Medical Imaging Unit, Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Suchart Kothan
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Radiation Research and Medical Imaging Unit, Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Montree Tungjai
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Radiation Research and Medical Imaging Unit, Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
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Aye KT, Wattanapongpitak S, Supawat B, Kothan S, Udomtanakunchai C, Tima S, Tungjai M. Effect of pre-low-dose irradiation on anticancer activities of gallic acid in leukemic K562 and K562/Dox cells: cell viability and cellular energetic state studies. MEDICAL ONCOLOGY (NORTHWOOD, LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 39:229. [PMID: 36175689 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01835-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of pre-low-dose irradiation followed by gallic acid (GA) on cell viability and cellular energetic state of leukemic K562 and K562/Dox cells. The cells were irradiated with 0.02, 0.05, and 0.1 Gy of X-rays. For determining cell viability, pre-low-dose irradiation was followed by 10 or 100 µM GA at 24 h post-irradiation, and the cell viability was then determined at 48 h post-irradiation. For cellular energetic state, pre-low-dose irradiation was followed by 10 or 100 µM GA at 1.5 h post-irradiation and the mitochondrial activity, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), and ATP level were determined at 3 h post-irradiation. The % cell viability was significantly decreased in both cells that were irradiated with X-rays followed by treatment with 10 or 100 µM GA at 24 h post-irradiation, when compared with control group. However, this did not happen when compared with GA alone without any pre-low-dose irradiation. The mitochondrial activity had significantly decreased in 10 µM GA-treated K562 cells and the mitochondrial activity, ΔΨm, and ATP levels had significantly decreased in 10 µM GA-treated K562/Dox cells after irradiation to X-rays when compared with GA alone group. In addition, the ΔΨm and ATP levels was significantly decreased in only 100 µM GA-treated K562/Dox cells, but was not decreased in 100 µM GA-treated K562 cells after exposure to X-rays. These findings suggest that pre-low-dose irradiation followed by GA could not kill K562 and K562/Dox cells, but could improve cellular energetic damage of GA effects possibly through mitochondrial impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khin TheNu Aye
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.,Center of Radiation Research and Medical Imaging, Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.,Ph.D. Degree Program in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Under the CMU Presidential Scholarship, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Sakornniya Wattanapongpitak
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.,Center of Radiation Research and Medical Imaging, Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Benjamaporn Supawat
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.,Center of Radiation Research and Medical Imaging, Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Suchart Kothan
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.,Center of Radiation Research and Medical Imaging, Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Chatchanok Udomtanakunchai
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.,Center of Radiation Research and Medical Imaging, Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Singkome Tima
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Montree Tungjai
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand. .,Center of Radiation Research and Medical Imaging, Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
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Myint O, Wattanapongpitak S, Kothan S, Udomtanakunchai C, Tima S, Tungjai M. Modulation of p-glycoprotein-mediated efflux pirarubicin in living multidrug-resistant K562/Dox cell lines by 4-hydroxybenzoic acid and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid via impairment of the cellular energetic state. Toxicol Rep 2022; 9:1443-1451. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2022.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Aye KT, Wattanapongpitak S, Supawat B, Kothan S, Udomtanakunchai C, Tima S, Pan J, Tungjai M. Gallic acid enhances pirarubicin‑induced anticancer in living K562 and K562/Dox leukemia cancer cells through cellular energetic state impairment and P‑glycoprotein inhibition. Oncol Rep 2021; 46:227. [PMID: 34476509 DOI: 10.3892/or.2021.8178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Leukemia is a common malignancy affecting humans worldwide. Pirarubicin (Pira) is one of the anticancer agents used for the treatment of leukemia. Although Pira is effective, drug resistance may develop in cancer cells exposed to this drug, whereas the combination of natural products with Pira may help to overcome this problem. The aim of the present study was to focus on the effect of gallic acid (GA) on the anticancer activity of Pira in K562 leukemia cells and K562/doxorubicin (Dox)‑resistant leukemia cells in order to investigate the possible underlying mechanisms. The cell viability, mitochondrial activity, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and ATP levels were assessed in living K562 and K562/Dox cancer cells following treatment with GA/Pira combination, GA alone or Pira alone. P‑glycoprotein‑mediated efflux of Pira was determined in GA‑treated K562/Dox cancer cells. The results demonstrated that GA/Pira combination decreased cell viability, mitochondrial activity, ΔΨm and ATP levels in K562 and K562/Dox cancer cells in a GA concentration‑dependent manner compared with non‑treated or Pira‑treated cells. GA inhibited P‑glycoprotein‑mediated efflux of Pira in GA‑treated K562/Dox cancer cells. Therefore, GA enhanced the anticancer effect of Pira on K562 and K562/Dox cancer cells through cellular energy status impairment, and was able to reverse drug resistance in living K562/Dox cancer cells by inhibiting the function of P‑glycoprotein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khin Thenu Aye
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Sakornniya Wattanapongpitak
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Benjamaporn Supawat
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Suchart Kothan
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Chatchanok Udomtanakunchai
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Singkome Tima
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Jie Pan
- Center of Radiation Research and Medical Imaging, Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Montree Tungjai
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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Supawat B, Wattanapongpitak S, Tima S, Kothan S, Tungjai M. Effect of fluoroscopic X-rays combined with iodinated radiographic contrast media on human hematological parameters. TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13530-021-00093-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Supawat B, Homnuan P, Kanthawong N, Semrasa N, Tima S, Kothan S, Udomtanakunchai C, Tungjai M. Different responses of normal cells (red blood cells) and cancer cells (K562 and K562/Dox cells) to low-dose 137Cs gamma-rays. Mol Clin Oncol 2021; 14:74. [PMID: 33680462 PMCID: PMC7922799 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2021.2236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
High-dose radiation is deleterious to cells or tissues. However, the health risks of exposure to low-dose radiation remain unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the biological responses of low-dose gamma-ray in vitro exposure to normal red blood cells (RBCs) and erythroleukemia (K562 and K562/Dox) cancer cells. Cells were given a low dose of 0.03, 0.05 and 0.1 mGy of 137Cs gamma-rays (at a dose rate of 0.001 Gy/min) under in vitro conditions. Cells exposed to 0 Gy served as controls. Hemolysis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured in exposed RBCs following exposure to low-dose gamma-rays. In addition, complete blood count (CBC) parameters were determined in irradiated whole blood. For irradiated K562 and K562/Dox cancer cells, ROS and mitochondrial activity were measured at 0, 30, 60 and 120 post-irradiation times. The results showed no change in the percentage of ROS and hemolysis in irradiated RBCs. The data indicated no perturbation in the CBC parameters in irradiated whole blood. By contrast, statistically significant dose-dependent increases in the percentage of ROS and decreases in the mitochondrial activity in the K562 and K562/Dox cancer cells were observed from 0 min up to 120 min post-irradiation. These findings concluded that there were differences in biological responses in normal cells (RBCs) and cancer cells (K562 and K562/Dox) to low-dose gamma-rays when cells were irradiated under in vitro conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamaporn Supawat
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Center of Radiation Research and Medical Imaging, Department of Radiologic Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Panumas Homnuan
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Natthawan Kanthawong
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Niyada Semrasa
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Singkome Tima
- Division of Clinical Microscopy, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Suchart Kothan
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Center of Radiation Research and Medical Imaging, Department of Radiologic Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Chatchanok Udomtanakunchai
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Montree Tungjai
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Center of Radiation Research and Medical Imaging, Department of Radiologic Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Correspondence to: Dr Montree Tungjai, Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Building 2, 110 Intawaroros Road, Sripoom, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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The Effects of Medical Diagnostic Low Dose X-rays after in vitro Exposure of Human Red Blood Cells: Hemolysis and Osmotic Fragility. TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13530-019-0409-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Supawat B, Udomtanakunchai C, Kothan S, Tungjai M. The Effects of Iodinated Radiographic Contrast Media on Multidrug-resistant K562/Dox Cells: Mitochondria Impairment and P-glycoprotein Inhibition. Cell Biochem Biophys 2019; 77:157-163. [PMID: 30924055 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-019-00868-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Iodinated radiographic contrast media is used in cancer radiography for cancer diagnosis. The aim of this present study was to examine five iodinated radiographic contrast media (IRCM) (i.e., iohexol, iopamidol, iobitridol, ioxaglate, and iodixanol) in terms of their cytotoxicity, mitochondria membrane potential (ΔΨm), and P-glycoprotein function in multidrug resistant K562/Dox cancer cells and corresponding sensitive cancer cells. The cytotoxicity was determined by colorimetric resazurin reduction assay. The ΔΨm and P-glycoprotein function was measured using a noninvasive functional spectrofluorometry. Rhodamine B, fluorescence probe, was used to estimate ΔΨm. The kinetic of P-glycoprotein-mediated efflux pirarubicin was used to monitor P-glycoprotein function in multidrug resistant (MDR) cancer cells. The results showed that ioxaglate and iodixanol show similar efficacy in MDR cancer cells and for their corresponding sensitive cancer cells. Iopamidol, iohexol, and iobitridol showed higher efficacy in MDR cancer cells than for the corresponding sensitive cancer cells by approximately 2 fold. The results also showed no significant change in the |ΔΨm| values in treated K562 and K562/Dox cancer cells when compared to the non-treated K562 and K562/Dox cancer cells. However, there were notable changes detected for iobitridol and iodixanol at 50 mgI/mL. Similarly, the results showed significant differences in P-glycoprotein function of K562/Dox cancer cells after treatment with IRCM when compared to the non-treated K562/Dox cancer cells, with iohexol and iodixanol being the notable exceptions once again. In this present study, IRCM exhibited cytotoxicity on MDR cancer cells and their corresponding sensitive cancer cells. IRCM also showed potential as an anticancer agent in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamaporn Supawat
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Chatchanok Udomtanakunchai
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Suchart Kothan
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Montree Tungjai
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
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