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Reis A, Sampaio C, Sousa W, Aguiar L, Bertelli L. Key topics for making decisions on decorporation terapies. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2024; 200:707-714. [PMID: 38678315 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncae097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Decorporation therapies increase the excretion of the incorporated material and therefore may reduce the probability of the occurrence of stochastic effects and may avoid deterministic effects in persons internally contaminated with radionuclides. The decision to initiate decorporation therapy should consider the effects of treatment in relation to the benefit provided. The literature presents threshold values above which treatment is recommended. The objective of this work is to collect and summarize recommendations on decorporation therapy. Ten key topics are presented for consideration by a multidisciplinary team when assessing the risk-benefit balance for performing decorporation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arlene Reis
- Institute of Radiation Protection and Dosimetry (IRD), Division of Dosimetry and Radiation Protection, Barra da Tijuca, RJ 22783-127, Brazil
| | - Camilla Sampaio
- Institute of Radiation Protection and Dosimetry (IRD), Division of Dosimetry and Radiation Protection, Barra da Tijuca, RJ 22783-127, Brazil
| | - Wanderson Sousa
- Institute of Radiation Protection and Dosimetry (IRD), Division of Dosimetry and Radiation Protection, Barra da Tijuca, RJ 22783-127, Brazil
| | - Laís Aguiar
- Institute of Radiation Protection and Dosimetry (IRD), Division of Dosimetry and Radiation Protection, Barra da Tijuca, RJ 22783-127, Brazil
| | - Luiz Bertelli
- L Bertelli & Associates, 6190 S Eagle Nest Drive Murray, UT, 84123, USA
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2
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Kastl M, Grémy O, Lamart S, Giussani A, Li WB, Hoeschen C. Modelling DTPA therapy following Am contamination in rats. RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS 2023; 62:483-495. [PMID: 37831188 PMCID: PMC10628027 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-023-01046-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
A major challenge in modelling the decorporation of actinides (An), such as americium (Am), with DTPA (diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid) is the fact that standard biokinetic models become inadequate for assessing radionuclide intake and estimating the resulting dose, as DTPA perturbs the regular biokinetics of the radionuclide. At present, most attempts existing in the literature are empirical and developed mainly for the interpretation of one or a limited number of specific incorporation cases. Recently, several approaches have been presented with the aim of developing a generic model, one of which reported the unperturbed biokinetics of plutonium (Pu), the chelation process and the behaviour of the chelated compound An-DTPA with a single model structure. The aim of the approach described in this present work is the development of a generic model that is able to describe the biokinetics of Am, DTPA and the chelate Am-DTPA simultaneously. Since accidental intakes in humans present many unknowns and large uncertainties, data from controlled studies in animals were used. In these studies, different amounts of DTPA were administered at different times after contamination with known quantities of Am. To account for the enhancement of faecal excretion and reduction in liver retention, DTPA is assumed to chelate Am not only in extracellular fluids, but also in hepatocytes. A good agreement was found between the predictions of the proposed model and the experimental results for urinary and faecal excretion and accumulation and retention in the liver. However, the decorporation from the skeletal compartment could not be reproduced satisfactorily under these simple assumptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Kastl
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Olivier Grémy
- Laboratoire de Radio Toxicologie, CEA, Université de Paris-Saclay, Arpajon, France
| | - Stephanie Lamart
- Laboratoire de Radio Toxicologie, CEA, Université de Paris-Saclay, Arpajon, France
- Laboratoire d'Evaluation de la Dose Interne, Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-SANTE/SDOS/LEDI, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Augusto Giussani
- Division of Medical and Occupational Radiation Protection, Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - Wei Bo Li
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Division of Medical and Occupational Radiation Protection, Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - Christoph Hoeschen
- Institut für Medizintechnik, Otto-Von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
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3
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Tani K, Ishigure N, Kim E, Tominaga T, Tatsuzaki H, Akashi M, Kurihara O. Biokinetic model analysis with DTPA administration for a case of accidental inhalation of actinides in Japan. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2023; 199:2025-2029. [PMID: 37819312 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncac224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Accidental inhalation intake of plutonium isotopes and 241Am occurred at a Pu research facility in Japan in 2017, and the five workers involved in this accident were treated by the administration of Ca/Zn-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA). For the worker who was most internally exposed, the therapy was continued over 1 y after the accident. Urinary samples collected before and after each administration were subject to bioassay to evaluate the efficacy of the dose reduction. This study performed numerical analyses using a biokinetic model dealing with 241Am-DTPA with reference to the European Coordinated Network on Radiation Dosimetry approach, which assumes that the complex of actinides and Ca/Zn-DTPA is generated in the designated compartments in the biokinetic model. The results of the model prediction well captured the trend of the observed urinary excretion in the long-term bioassay and would be useful to evaluate the efficacy of the Ca/Zn-DTPA administration for the worker involved in the accident.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kotaro Tani
- Department of Radiation Measurement and Dose Assessment, National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Nobuhito Ishigure
- Department of Radiation Measurement and Dose Assessment, National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Eunjoo Kim
- Department of Radiation Measurement and Dose Assessment, National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Takako Tominaga
- Department of Radiation Emergency Medicine, National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Hideo Tatsuzaki
- Department of Radiation Emergency Medicine, National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Makoto Akashi
- Department of Radiation Emergency Medicine, National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Osamu Kurihara
- Department of Radiation Measurement and Dose Assessment, National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
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4
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Grémy O, Blanchin N, Miccoli L. Excretion of Pu-238 during Long-term Chelation Therapy by Repeated DTPA Inhalation. HEALTH PHYSICS 2022; 123:197-207. [PMID: 35613373 DOI: 10.1097/hp.0000000000001584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT An individual underwent an extensive diethylenetriaminepentaacetate (DTPA) chelation therapy that started several months after plutonium incorporation, most likely by inhalation of a soluble compound. After receiving multiple intravenous infusions of DTPA, the patient continued the treatment by pulmonary delivery of aerosolized DTPA. The purpose of the present work is to provide and discuss the bioassay data obtained during the DTPA aerosol therapy and compare them with those under the DTPA infusion therapy that have been largely interpreted elsewhere. As with DTPA given intravenously, each delayed DTPA inhalation increased the clearance of plutonium not only in urine but also in feces, thus demonstrating the ability to remove plutonium retained by extrapulmonary tissues. Also, the slow decline of increased plutonium urinary elimination together with enhanced fecal excretion are two features coherent with the contribution of intracellular chelation to overall decorporation. The therapeutic benefit of DTPA inhalation appeared lower than with DTPA infusion, most likely due to a lower amount of DTPA reaching the systemic compartments where plutonium chelation predominates. The results suggest that DTPA administration through aerosol could be an alternative to the invasive procedure using a needle, i.e., intravenous injection/infusion, when protracted decorporation therapy is needed following transuranic internalization. Indeed, the patient may be more inclined to undergo a chelation treatment for a longer period because taking DTPA by inhalation may make it less cumbersome and painful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Grémy
- CEA, Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, Université Paris-Saclay, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Nicolas Blanchin
- CEA, Service de Santé au Travail, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France
| | - Laurent Miccoli
- CEA, Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, Université Paris-Saclay, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
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5
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Lai EPC, Li C. Actinide Decorporation: A Review on Chelation Chemistry and Nanocarriers for Pulmonary Administration. Radiat Res 2022; 198:430-443. [PMID: 35943882 DOI: 10.1667/rade-21-00004.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Chelation is considered the best method for detoxification by promoting excretion of actinides (Am, Np, Pu, Th, U) from the human body after internal contamination. Chemical agents that possess carboxylic acid or hydroxypyridinonate groups play a vital role in actinide decorporation. In this review article, we provide considerable background details on the chelation chemistry of actinides with an aim to formulate better decorporation agents. Nanocarriers for pulmonary delivery represent an exciting prospect in the development of novel therapies for actinide decorporation that both reduce toxic side effects of the agent and improve its retention in the body. Recent studies have demonstrated the benefits of using a nebulizer or an inhaler to administer chelating agents for the decorporation of actinides. Effective chelation therapy with large groups of internally contaminated people can be a challenge unless both the agent and the nanocarrier are readily available from strategic national stockpiles for radiological or nuclear emergencies. Sunflower lecithin is particularly adept at alleviating the burden of administration when used to form liposomes as a nanocarrier for pulmonary delivery of diethylenetriamine-pentaacetic acid (DTPA) or hydroxypyridinone (HOPO). Better physiologically-based pharmacokinetic models must be developed for each agent in order to minimize the frequency of multiple doses that can overload the emergency response operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward P C Lai
- Ottawa-Carleton Chemistry Institute, Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Chunsheng Li
- Radiation Protection Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 1C1, Canada
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6
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Avtandilashvili M, Tolmachev SY. Four-decade follow-up of a plutonium-contaminated puncture wound treated with Ca-DTPA. JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION 2021; 41:1122-1144. [PMID: 34034246 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6498/ac04b8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Contaminated wounds are a common route of internal deposition of radionuclides for nuclear and radiation workers. They may result in significant doses to radiosensitive organs and tissues in an exposed individual's body. The United States Transuranium and Uranium Registries' whole-body donor (Case 0303) accidentally punctured his finger on equipment contaminated with plutonium nitrate. The wound was surgically excised and medically treated with intravenous injections of Ca-DTPA. A total of 16 g Ca-DTPA was administered in 18 treatments during the 2 months following the accident. Ninety-three urine samples were collected and analysed over 14 years following the accident. An estimated239Pu activity of 73.7 Bq was excreted during Ca-DTPA treatment. Post-mortem radiochemical analysis of autopsy tissues indicated that 40 years post-accident 21.6 ± 0.2 Bq of239Pu was retained in the skeleton, 12.2 ± 0.3 Bq in the liver, and 3.7 ± 0.1 Bq in other soft tissues; 1.35 ± 0.02 Bq of239Pu was measured in tissue samples from the wound site. To estimate the plutonium intake, late urine measurements, which were unaffected by chelation, and post-mortem radiochemical analysis results were evaluated using the IMBA Professional Plus software. The application of the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements wound model with an assumption of intake material as a predominantly strongly retained soluble plutonium compound with a small insoluble fraction adequately described the data (p= 0.46). The effective intake was estimated to be 50.2 Bq of plutonium nitrate and 1.5 Bq of the fragment. The prompt medical intervention with contaminated tissue excision and subsequent Ca-DTPA decorporation therapy reduced239Pu activity available for uptake and long-term retention in this individual's systemic organs by a factor of 38.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maia Avtandilashvili
- United States Transuranium and Uranium Registries, Washington State University, Richland, WA, United States of America
| | - Sergei Y Tolmachev
- United States Transuranium and Uranium Registries, Washington State University, Richland, WA, United States of America
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Grémy O, Blanchin N, Miccoli L. Interpretation of Enhanced Fecal and Urinary Plutonium Excretion Data under a 2-y Regular DTPA Treatment Started Months after Intake. HEALTH PHYSICS 2021; 121:494-505. [PMID: 34591820 PMCID: PMC8505154 DOI: 10.1097/hp.0000000000001458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT In a worker who had internalized plutonium, most likely through inhalation of a somewhat soluble compound, an extensive diethylenetriaminepentaacetate (DTPA) treatment regimen was initiated several months after contamination. Numerous radiotoxicological analyses were performed in both fecal and urinary specimens collected, sometimes for three consecutive days after DTPA administration. Activity measurements showed the continued effectiveness of DTPA intravenous infusions in removing plutonium from tissues of retention even if the treatment regimen started very belatedly after contamination. In the present case, the activity excreted through urine within the first 24-h after a DTPA infusion contributed only about half of that activity excreted within the first three days (i.e., the cumulative activity of the first three 24-h urine collections). In addition, the careful study of the data revealed that DTPA-induced excretion of plutonium via fecal pathway significantly contributed to the overall decorporation. The intracellular chelation of plutonium may be responsible for this enhanced excretion of activity in feces as well as for the delayed and sustained increased clearance of activity in urine. The authors would suggest that the occupational physicians offer to individuals who internalized moderately soluble or soluble plutonium compounds undergo a long-term DTPA treatment, especially when it is not initiated promptly after intake. Under this scenario, measurements of plutonium in successive urine and fecal collections after treatment should be required to get a better estimate of the therapeutic benefit. Also, intracellular chelation and fecal route should be taken into account for better interpretation of radiotoxicological data and modeling of plutonium kinetics under delayed DTPA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Grémy
- CEA, Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, Université Paris-Saclay, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Nicolas Blanchin
- CEA, Service de Santé au Travail, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France
| | - Laurent Miccoli
- CEA, Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, Université Paris-Saclay, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
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Dumit S, Miller G, Klumpp JA, Poudel D, Bertelli L, Waters TL. Development of a New Chelation Model: Bioassay Data Interpretation and Dose Assessment after Plutonium Intake via Wound and Treatment with DTPA. HEALTH PHYSICS 2020; 119:715-732. [PMID: 33196524 DOI: 10.1097/hp.0000000000001282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The administration of chelation therapy to treat significant intakes of actinides, such as plutonium, affects the actinide's normal biokinetics. In particular, it enhances the actinide's rate of excretion, such that the standard biokinetic models cannot be applied directly to the chelation-affected bioassay data in order to estimate the intake and assess the radiation dose. The present study proposes a new chelation model that can be applied to the chelation-affected bioassay data after plutonium intake via wound and treatment with DTPA. In the proposed model, chelation is assumed to occur in the blood, liver, and parts of the skeleton. Ten datasets, consisting of measurements of C-DTPA, Pu, and Pu involving humans given radiolabeled DTPA and humans occupationally exposed to plutonium via wound and treated with chelation therapy, were used for model development. The combined dataset consisted of daily and cumulative excretion (urine and feces), wound counts, measurements of excised tissue, blood, and post-mortem tissue analyses of liver and skeleton. The combined data were simultaneously fit using the chelation model linked with a plutonium systemic model, which was linked to an ad hoc wound model. The proposed chelation model was used for dose assessment of the wound cases used in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Dumit
- Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos, NM
| | - Guthrie Miller
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Radiation Protection Division, MS G761, Los Alamos, NM 87545
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Rühm W, Ainsbury E, Breustedt B, Caresana M, Gilvin P, Knežević Ž, Rabus H, Stolarczyk L, Vargas A, Bottollier-Depois J, Harrison R, Lopez M, Stadtmann H, Tanner R, Vanhavere F, Woda C, Clairand I, Fantuzzi E, Fattibene P, Hupe O, Olko P, Olšovcová V, Schuhmacher H, Alves J, Miljanic S. The European radiation dosimetry group – Review of recent scientific achievements. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2019.108514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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10
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Dumit S, Bertelli L, Klumpp JA, Poudel D, Waters TL. Chelation Modeling: The Use of Ad Hoc Models and Approaches to Overcome a Dose Assessment Challenge. HEALTH PHYSICS 2020; 118:193-205. [PMID: 31833972 DOI: 10.1097/hp.0000000000001134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Chelating agents are administered to treat significant intakes of radioactive elements such as plutonium, americium, and curium. These drugs may be used as a medical countermeasure after radiological accidents and terrorist acts. The administration of a chelating agent, such as Ca-DTPA or Zn-DTPA, affects the actinide's normal biokinetics. It enhances the actinide's rate of excretion, posing a dose assessment challenge. Thus, the standard biokinetic models cannot be directly applied to the chelation-affected bioassay data in order to assess the radiation dose. The present study reviews the scientific literature, from the early 1970s until the present, on the different studies that focused on developing new chelation models and/or modeling of bioassay data affected by chelation treatment. Although scientific progress has been achieved, there is currently no consensus chelation model available, even after almost 50 y of research. This review acknowledges the efforts made by different research groups, highlighting the different methodology used in some of these studies. Finally, this study puts into perspective where we were, where we are, and where we are heading in regards to chelation modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Dumit
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM
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Dumit S, Breustedt B, Avtandilashvili M, McComish SL, Strom DJ, Tabatadze G, Tolmachev SY. Response to the Letter to the Editor, 'Comments on "Improved Modeling of Plutonium-DTPA Decorporation," (Radiat Res 2019; 191:201-10) by Gremy and Miccoli'. Radiat Res 2019. [PMID: 31815606 DOI: 10.1667/0033-7587-192.6.682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Dumit
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico
| | - Bastian Breustedt
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Safety and Environment (SUM), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Maia Avtandilashvili
- U.S. Transuranium and Uranium Registries, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Richland, WA 99354-4959
| | - Stacey L McComish
- U.S. Transuranium and Uranium Registries, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Richland, WA 99354-4959
| | - Daniel J Strom
- U.S. Transuranium and Uranium Registries, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Richland, WA 99354-4959
| | - George Tabatadze
- U.S. Transuranium and Uranium Registries, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Richland, WA 99354-4959
| | - Sergei Y Tolmachev
- U.S. Transuranium and Uranium Registries, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Richland, WA 99354-4959
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12
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Gremy O, Miccoli L. Comments on "Improved Modeling of Plutonium-DTPA Decorporation" (Radiat Res 2019; 191:201-10). Radiat Res 2019; 192:680-681. [PMID: 31556845 DOI: 10.1667/rr00og.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Gremy
- Laboratoire de RadioToxicologie, CEA, Université de Paris-Saclay, Bruyères le Châtel, France
| | - Laurent Miccoli
- Laboratoire de RadioToxicologie, CEA, Université de Paris-Saclay, Bruyères le Châtel, France
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13
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Tabatadze G, Miller BW, Tolmachev SY. Mapping 241Am Spatial Distribution Within Anatomical Bone Structures Using Digital Autoradiography. HEALTH PHYSICS 2019; 117:179-186. [PMID: 30299339 DOI: 10.1097/hp.0000000000000947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Digital autoradiography with the ionizing radiation quantum imaging detector is used at the US Transuranium and Uranium Registries for visualizing the microdistribution of alpha particles from Am and quantifying the activity. The radionuclide spatial distribution was investigated within cortical and trabecular regions of bone samples from US Transuranium and Uranium Registries case 0846. Multiple specimens from the humerus proximal end, humerus proximal shaft, and clavicle acromial end were embedded in plastic, and 100-μm-thick sections were taken and imaged using the ionizing radiation quantum imaging detector. The detector images were superimposed on the anatomical structure images to visualize Am distribution in cortical bone, trabecular bone, and trabecular spongiosa. Activity concentration ratios were used to characterize Am distribution within different bone regions. The trabecular-to-cortical bone and trabecular-spongiosa-to-cortical bone activity concentration ratios were quantified in both humerus and clavicle. The ionizing radiation quantum imaging detector results were in agreement with those obtained from radiochemical analysis of the remaining bone specimens. The results were compared with International Commission on Radiological Protection default biokinetic model predictions. Digital autoradiography was proven to be an effective method for microscale heterogeneous distribution studies where traditional counting methods are impractical.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Tabatadze
- US Transuranium and Uranium Registries, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, 1845 Terminal Drive, Suite 201, Richland, WA 99354
| | - Brian W Miller
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, 13001 E. 17th Place, Aurora, CO 80045
- College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, 1630 E. University Blvd., Tucson, AZ 85721
| | - Sergei Y Tolmachev
- US Transuranium and Uranium Registries, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, 1845 Terminal Drive, Suite 201, Richland, WA 99354
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