1
|
Abdelrahman AM, Mohammed AA, Badawy MMM, El Bassuony WI. Orange peels and Chlorella vulgaris supplementation ameliorate gamma radiation-induced oxidative stress by regulating TGF-β and NOX2/NOX4 signaling pathways. Cell Biochem Funct 2023; 41:1263-1274. [PMID: 37756035 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies revealed that Chlorella vulgaris and orange peels are potential sources for many valuable compounds such as flavonoids, which are natural polyphenols with antioxidant capacities that lessen oxidative stress via suppressing ROS levels. Thus, this study was designed to investigate their radioprotective efficiency either alone or in combination as natural food supplements. Sixty-four male Albino rats were divided into eight groups (n = 8) as follows: control, orange peel (10% in diet), C. vulgaris (1% in diet), orange peel + C. vulgaris, gamma irradiated (2Gy twice per week up to 8Gy), orange peel + gamma irradiation, C. vulgaris + gamma irradiation, and orange peel + C. vulgaris + gamma irradiation. After the experiment, blood serums were collected for biochemical analysis, whole bloods were collected for blood picture, bone marrows were collected for GSH, MDA, TGF-β, NOX2 and NOX4, and liver tissues were collected for histopathological evaluation. Current study revealed that exposure to gamma irradiation induced a significant disturbance in liver function markers (ALT and AST), kidney function markers (urea and creatinine), cholesterol and triglycerides levels in serum. In addition, a significant decrease in WBCs, RBCs, PLT, and Hb in blood of irradiated rats. Moreover, a significant elevation in TGF-β, NOX2, NOX4 activities, and MDA level, while showed a marked decrease in GSH concentration. Furthermore, hepatic inflammation appeared in the histopathological examination. Orange peels or C. vulgaris treatments showed acceptable amelioration in all measured parameters, combination between orange peels and C. vulgaris showed statistically significant additive amelioration in radiation induced disturbance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abour M Abdelrahman
- Home Economic Department, Faculty of Specific Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Asmaa A Mohammed
- Department of Medical and Radiological Research, Nuclear Materials Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Monda M M Badawy
- Health Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Walaa I El Bassuony
- Medical and Radiological Department, Nuclear Materials Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kanagaraj K, Phillippi MA, Narayan P, Szolc B, Perrier JR, McLane A, Wolden SL, Barker CA, Wang Q, Amundson SA, Brenner DJ, Turner HC. Assessment of Micronuclei Frequency in the Peripheral Blood of Adult and Pediatric Patients Receiving Fractionated Total Body Irradiation. Cytogenet Genome Res 2023; 163:121-130. [PMID: 37793357 PMCID: PMC10946645 DOI: 10.1159/000534433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay is an established method for assessing chromosome damage in human peripheral blood lymphocytes resulting from exposure to genotoxic agents such as ionizing radiation. The objective of this study was to measure cytogenetic DNA damage and hematology parameters in vivo based on MN frequency in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) from adult and pediatric leukemia patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation preceded by total body irradiation (TBI) as part of the conditioning regimen. CBMN assay cultures were prepared from fresh blood samples collected before and at 4 and 24 h after the start of TBI, corresponding to doses of 1.25 Gy and 3.75 Gy, respectively. For both age groups, there was a significant increase in MN yields with increasing dose (p < 0.05) and dose-dependent decrease in the nuclear division index (NDI; p < 0.0001). In the pre-radiotherapy samples, there was a significantly higher NDI measured in the pediatric cohort compared to the adult due to an increase in the percentage of tri- and quadri-nucleated cells scored. Complete blood counts with differential recorded before and after TBI at the 24-h time point showed a rapid increase in neutrophil (p = 0.0001) and decrease in lymphocyte (p = 0.0006) counts, resulting in a highly elevated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) of 14.45 ± 1.85 after 3.75 Gy TBI (pre-exposure = 4.62 ± 0.49), indicating a strong systemic inflammatory response. Correlation of the hematological cell subset counts with cytogenetic damage, indicated that only the lymphocyte subset survival fraction (after TBI compared with before TBI) showed a negative correlation with increasing MN frequency from 0 to 1.25 Gy (r = -0.931; p = 0.007). Further, the data presented here indicate that the combination of CBMN assay endpoints (MN frequency and NDI values) and hematology parameters could be used to assess cytogenetic damage and early hematopoietic injury in the peripheral blood of leukemia patients, 24 h after TBI exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Kanagaraj
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michelle A. Phillippi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pratyush Narayan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Barbara Szolc
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jay R. Perrier
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Amanda McLane
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Suzanne L. Wolden
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christopher A. Barker
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sally A. Amundson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - David J. Brenner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Helen C. Turner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cronin WA, Forbes AS, Wagner KL, Kaplan P, Cataneo R, Phillips M, Mahon R, Hall A. Exhaled Volatile Organic Compounds Precedes Pulmonary Injury in a Swine Pulmonary Oxygen Toxicity Model. Front Physiol 2019; 10:1297. [PMID: 31849689 PMCID: PMC6901787 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Inspiring high partial pressure of oxygen (FiO2 > 0.6) for a prolonged duration can lead to lung damage termed pulmonary oxygen toxicity (PO2T). While current practice is to limit oxygen exposure, there are clinical and military scenarios where higher FiO2 levels and partial pressures of oxygen are required. The purpose of this study is to develop a non-invasive breath-based biomarker to detect PO2T prior to the onset of clinical symptoms. Methods Male Yorkshire swine (20–30 kg) were placed into custom airtight runs and randomized to air (0.209 FiO2, n = 12) or oxygen (>0.95 FiO2, n = 10) for 72 h. Breath samples, arterial blood gases, and vital signs were assessed every 12 h. After 72 h of exposure, animals were euthanized and the lungs processed for histology and wet-dry ratios. Results Swine exposed to hyperoxia developed pulmonary injury consistent with PO2T. Histology of oxygen-exposed swine showed pulmonary lymphatic congestion, epithelial sloughing, and neutrophil transmigration. Pulmonary injury was also evidenced by increased interstitial edema and a decreased PaO2/FiO2 ratio in the oxygen group when compared to the air control group. Breath volatile organic compound (VOC) sample analysis identified six VOCs that were combined into an algorithm which generated a breath score predicting PO2T with a ROC/AUC curve of 0.72 defined as a of PaO2/FiO2 ratio less than 350 mmHg. Conclusion Exposing swine to 72 h of hyperoxia induced a pulmonary injury consistent with human clinical endpoints of PO2T. VOC analysis identified six VOCs in exhaled breath that preceded PO2T. Results show promise that a simple, non-invasive breath test could potentially predict the risk of pulmonary injury in humans exposed to high partial pressures of oxygen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William A Cronin
- Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, United States.,Undersea Medicine Department, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Angela S Forbes
- Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Kari L Wagner
- Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Peter Kaplan
- Breath Research Laboratory, Menssana Research, Inc., Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Renee Cataneo
- Breath Research Laboratory, Menssana Research, Inc., Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Michael Phillips
- Breath Research Laboratory, Menssana Research, Inc., Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Richard Mahon
- Undersea Medicine Department, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD, United States.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Aaron Hall
- Undersea Medicine Department, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bala S, Chugh NA, Bansal SC, Koul A. Aloe vera modulates X-ray induced hematological and splenic tissue damage in mice. Hum Exp Toxicol 2019; 38:1195-1211. [PMID: 31256688 DOI: 10.1177/0960327119860174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The present study was premeditated to examine the radioprotective effects of aqueous Aloe vera gel extract against whole-body X-ray irradiation-induced hematological alterations and splenic tissue injury in mice. Healthy male balb/c mice were divided into four groups: group 1, control; group 2, A. vera (50 mg/kg body weight) administered per oral on alternate days for 30 days (15 times); group 3, X-ray exposure of 2 Gy (0.25 Gy twice a day for four consecutive days in the last week of the experimental protocol); and group 4, A. vera + X-ray. X-ray exposure caused alterations in histoarchitecture of spleen along with enhanced clastogenic damage as assessed by micronucleus formation and apoptotic index. Irradiation caused an elevation in proinflammatory cytokines like tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-6, total leucocyte counts, neutrophil counts and decreased platelet counts along with unaltered red blood cell counts and hemoglobin. Irradiation also caused an elevation in reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels, lactate dehydrogenase activity and alterations in enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant defense mechanism in plasma and spleen. However, administration of A. vera gel extract ameliorated X-ray irradiation-induced elevation in ROS/LPO levels, histopathological and clastogenic damage. It also modulated biochemical indices, inflammatory markers, and hematological parameters. These results collectively indicated that the A. vera gel extract offers protection against whole-body X-ray exposure by virtue of its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Bala
- 1 Department of Biophysics, Basic Medical Sciences, Block-II, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - N A Chugh
- 1 Department of Biophysics, Basic Medical Sciences, Block-II, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - S C Bansal
- 2 Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - A Koul
- 1 Department of Biophysics, Basic Medical Sciences, Block-II, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
El-Shanshoury H, El-Shanshoury G, Abaza A. Evaluation of low dose ionizing radiation effect on some blood components in animal model. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. El-Shanshoury
- Radiation Safety Department, Nuclear and Radiological Regulatory Authority, Cairo, Egypt
- Laser Sciences (Department of Medical Applications of Laser), National Institute of Laser Sciences, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - G. El-Shanshoury
- Applied Statistic in Radiation Safety Department, Nuclear and Radiological Regulatory Authority, Cairo, Egypt
- Applied Statistic, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - A. Abaza
- Safety and Prevention of Oncology in Radiation Protection Department, Nuclear and Radiological Regulatory Authority, Cairo, Egypt
- Childhood Studies & Pediatric Oncology, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Elwan AM, Salama AA, Sayed AM, Ghoneim AM, Assaied AA, Ibrahim FA, Shousha HA, Elnasharty MMM. Response of rats to dose rates of ionizing radiation evaluated by dielectric properties of bone marrow. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 140:124-132. [PMID: 29776659 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The response of adult Wistar albino female rats toward two dose rates of gamma radiation delivered as acute dose of 7 Gy is investigated using classical methodologies as chemical, hematological and histological parameters in comparison with newly introduced dielectric parameters. Two groups of rats were exposed to γ ray with dose rates 533.35 mGy/min and 325.89 mGy/min. Then the irradiated groups were followed up for two weeks after irradiation. In case of higher dose rate, high percentage of animals was lost and there were substantial alterations in the dielectric parameters in addition to massive damage in liver and bone marrow cells. On the other hand, a reduction of death rate of rats, different behavior in the dielectric parameters of bone marrow and lesser injury of liver tissue were well noticeable in case of lower dose rate. Moreover, the sensitivity of dielectric parameters toward the two different dose rates was well pronounced during the 1st and 2nd weeks after irradiation more than other parameters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Azhar M Elwan
- Dept., of Biochemistry, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Bohouth st., Dokki, Giza, P.O.12622, Egypt.
| | - Aida A Salama
- Dept., of Physics, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, P.O.11651, Egypt
| | - Abdelbaset M Sayed
- Dept., of Biochemistry, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Bohouth st., Dokki, Giza, P.O.12622, Egypt
| | - Ahmad M Ghoneim
- Dept., of Microwave Physics& Dielectrics, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Bohouth st., Dokki, Giza, P.O.12622, Egypt
| | - Aziza A Assaied
- Dept., of Physics, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, P.O.11651, Egypt
| | - Fatma A Ibrahim
- Dept., of Biochemistry, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Bohouth st., Dokki, Giza, P.O.12622, Egypt
| | - Hany A Shousha
- Dept., of Radiation Dosimetry, National Institute of Standards, Tersa Street, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M M Elnasharty
- Dept., of Microwave Physics& Dielectrics, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Bohouth st., Dokki, Giza, P.O.12622, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|