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Daich Varela M, Moya R, Schlottmann PG, Hufnagel RB, Arberas C, Fernández FM, Inga ME, Lores J, Pachajoa H, Prada CE, Sallum JMF. Ophthalmic genetics in South America. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART C-SEMINARS IN MEDICAL GENETICS 2020; 184:753-761. [PMID: 32856789 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.c.31832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
South America comprises of heterogeneous topographies, populations, and health care systems. Therefore, it is not surprising to see differences among the countries regarding expertise, education, and practices of ophthalmic genetics for patients with rare eye diseases. Nevertheless, common challenges such as limited genetics training in medical schools and among ophthalmologists, scarcity of diagnostic tools for phenotyping, and expensive genetic testing not covered by the public healthcare systems, are seen in all of them. Here, we provide a detailed report of the current status of ophthalmic genetics, described by the personal views of local ophthalmologists from Brazil, Colombia, Argentina, and Chile. By reporting our strengths and weaknesses as a region, we intend to highlight the need for guidelines on how to manage these patients aligned with public health policies. Our region contributes to research worldwide, with thousands of well diagnosed patients from a number of unique and genetically diverse populations. The constant expansion of ophthalmic genetics and molecular diagnostics requires us to join forces to collaborate across South America and with other countries to improve access to next-generation diagnostics and ultimately improve patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malena Daich Varela
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rene Moya
- Departamento de Retina y Departamento de Genética Ocular, Hospital del Salvador, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Robert B Hufnagel
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Claudia Arberas
- Sección Genética Médica, Hospital de Niños "R. Gutiérrez", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | | | - Juliana Lores
- Centro de Investigaciones en Anomalías Congénitas y Enfermedades Raras Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia.,Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia
| | - Harry Pachajoa
- Centro de Investigaciones en Anomalías Congénitas y Enfermedades Raras Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia.,Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia
| | - Carlos E Prada
- Hospital Internacional de Colombia, Bucaramanga, Colombia.,Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Juliana M Ferraz Sallum
- Department of Ophthalmology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Instituto de Genética Ocular, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Alehabib E, Jamshidi J, Ghaedi H, Emamalizadeh B, Andarva M, Daftarian N, Rezaei Kanavi M, Mohammadi Torbati P, Espandar G, Alinaghi S, Johari AH, Saghally M, Mohajerani F, Darvish H. Novel Mutations in TACSTD2 Gene in Families with Gelatinous Drop-like Corneal Dystrophy (GDLD). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR MEDICINE 2018; 6:204-211. [PMID: 29988226 PMCID: PMC6004293 DOI: 10.22088/bums.6.4.204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
In the current study, we conducted a mutation screening of tumor-associated calcium signal transducer 2 (TACSTD2) gene in six consanguineous Iranian families with gelatinous drop-like corneal dystrophy (GDLD), in order to find the causative mutations. Detailed eye examination was performed by ophthalmologist to confirm GDLD in patients. To detect the possible mutations, direct Sanger sequencing was performed for the only exon of TACSTD2 gene, and its boundary regions in all patients. In the patients with GDLD, the corneal surface showed lesions with different shapes from mild to severe forms depending on the progress of the disease. The patients showed grayish corneal deposits as a typical mulberry form, corneal dystrophy along with corneal lipid deposition, and vascularization. Targeted Sanger sequencing in TACSTD2 gene revealed the causative mutations in this gene in all studied families. Our study expanded the mutational spectrum of TACSTD2 which along with the related symptoms could help with the diagnosis, and management of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Alehabib
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Jamshidi
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Hamid Ghaedi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Babak Emamalizadeh
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Monavvar Andarva
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Narsis Daftarian
- Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mozhgan Rezaei Kanavi
- Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Peyman Mohammadi Torbati
- Department of Pathology, Labbafi-Nezhad Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Goldis Espandar
- Department of Pathology, Labbafi-Nezhad Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Alinaghi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Johari
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansoor Saghally
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mohajerani
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Darvish
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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