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Deepanjali M, Prasad TS, Manodh P. Efficacy of simvastatin in bone regeneration after surgical removal of mandibular third molars. Oral Maxillofac Surg 2023; 27:427-432. [PMID: 35648294 DOI: 10.1007/s10006-022-01081-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of simvastatin in bone regeneration in extraction sockets of mandibular third molars using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) at 6th post-operative month. METHODS This is a prospective randomized split-mouth study involving 15 patients who underwent surgical extraction of bilaterally impacted mandibular third molars with similar morphology on the same day. The efficacy of drug was analyzed by implanting 10 mg of simvastatin into the socket (study site) and observations were made over 6 months to compare the healing with the control site. RESULTS The study results demonstrated a statistically significant difference in bone regeneration: mean gray value of 429.133 in study site compared with mean gray value of 310.153 in the control site. CONCLUSION These values demonstrate significant change in bone regeneration in simvastatin site as compared to that of control site.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pedamally Manodh
- Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Enhanced osteoinductive capacity of poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid and biphasic ceramic scaffolds by embedding simvastatin. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 26:2693-2701. [PMID: 34694495 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-04240-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study evaluated the effect of embedding simvastatin (SIM) on the osteoinductive capacity of PLGA + HA/βTCP scaffolds in stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED). MATERIALS AND METHODS Scaffolds were produced by PLGA solvent dissolution, addition of HA/βTCP, solvent evaporation, and leaching of sucrose particles to impart porosity. Biphasic ceramic particles (70% HA/30% βTCP) were added to the PLGA in a 1:1 (w:w) ratio. Scaffolds with SIM received 1% (w:w) of this medication. Scaffolds were synthesized in a disc-shape and sterilized by ethylene oxide. The experimental groups were (G1) PLGA + HA/βTCP and (G2) PLGA + HA/βTCP + SIM in non-osteogenic culture medium, while (G3) SHED and (G4) MC3T3-E1 in osteogenic culture medium were the positive control groups. The release profile of SIM from scaffolds was evaluated. DNA quantification assay, alkaline phosphatase activity, osteocalcin and osteonectin proteins, extracellular calcium detection, von Kossa staining, and X-ray microtomography were performed to assess the capacity of scaffolds to induce the osteogenic differentiation of SHED. RESULTS The release profile of SIM followed a non-liner sustained-release rate, reaching about 40% of drug release at day 28. Additionally, G2 promoted the highest osteogenic differentiation of SHED, even when compared to the positive control groups. CONCLUSIONS In summary, the osteoinductive capacity of poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid and biphasic ceramic scaffolds was expressively enhanced by embedding simvastatin. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Bone regeneration is still a limiting factor in the success of several approaches to oral and maxillofacial surgeries, though tissue engineering using mesenchymal stem cells, scaffolds, and osteoinductive mediators might collaborate to this topic.
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Sordi MB, da Cruz ACC, Aragones Á, Cordeiro MMR, de Souza Magini R. PLGA+HA/βTCP Scaffold Incorporating Simvastatin: A Promising Biomaterial for Bone Tissue Engineering. J ORAL IMPLANTOL 2021; 47:93-101. [PMID: 32699891 DOI: 10.1563/aaid-joi-d-19-00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to synthesize, characterize, and evaluate degradation and biocompatibility of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) + hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate (PLGA+HA/βTCP) scaffolds incorporating simvastatin (SIM) to verify if this biomaterial might be promising for bone tissue engineering. Samples were obtained by the solvent evaporation technique. Biphasic ceramic particles (70% HA, 30% βTCP) were added to PLGA in a ratio of 1:1. Samples with SIM received 1% (m/m) of this medication. Scaffolds were synthesized in a cylindric shape and sterilized by ethylene oxide. For degradation analysis, samples were immersed in phosphate-buffered saline at 37°C under constant stirring for 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. Nondegraded samples were taken as reference. Mass variation, scanning electron microscopy, porosity analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetry were performed to evaluate physico-chemical properties. Wettability and cytotoxicity tests were conducted to evaluate the biocompatibility. Microscopic images revealed the presence of macro-, meso-, and micropores in the polymer structure with HA/βTCP particles homogeneously dispersed. Chemical and thermal analyses presented similar results for both PLGA+HA/βTCP and PLGA+HA/βTCP+SIM. The incorporation of simvastatin improved the hydrophilicity of scaffolds. Additionally, PLGA+HA/βTCP and PLGA+HA/βTCP+SIM scaffolds were biocompatible for osteoblasts and mesenchymal stem cells. In summary, PLGA+HA/βTCP scaffolds incorporating simvastatin presented adequate structural, chemical, thermal, and biological properties for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariane Beatriz Sordi
- Center for Research on Dental Implants, Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | - Águedo Aragones
- Ceramic & Composite Materials Research Laboratories, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Shevchuk OO, Panasiuk YV, Korda MM. Locally delivered lovastatin-containing chitosan nanoparticles promote bone regeneration in rats. UKRAINIAN BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.15407/ubj93.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Sordi MB, Cruz A, Fredel MC, Magini R, Sharpe PT. Three-dimensional bioactive hydrogel-based scaffolds for bone regeneration in implant dentistry. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 124:112055. [PMID: 33947549 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Bone tissue requires a range of complex mechanisms to allow the restoration of its structure and function. Bone healing is a signaling cascade process, involving cells secreting cytokines, growth factors, and pro-inflammatory factors in the defect site that will, subsequently, recruit surrounding stem cells to migrate, proliferate, and differentiate into bone-forming cells. Bioactive functional scaffolds could be applied to improve the bone healing processes where the organism is not able to fully regenerate the lost tissue. However, to be optimal, such scaffolds should act as osteoconductors - supporting bone-forming cells, providing nutrients, and sustaining the arrival of new blood vessels, and act as osteoinducers - slowly releasing signaling molecules that stimulate mesenchymal stem cells to differentiate and deposit mineralized bone matrix. Different compositions and shapes of scaffolds, cutting-edge technologies, application of signaling molecules to promote cell differentiation, and high-quality biomaterials are reaching favorable outcomes towards osteoblastic differentiation of stem cells in in vitro and in vivo researches for bone regeneration. Hydrogel-based biomaterials are being pointed as promising for bone tissue regeneration; however, despite all the research and high-impact scientific publications, there are still several challenges that prevent the use of hydrogel-based scaffolds for bone regeneration being feasible for their clinical application. Hence, the objective of this review is to consolidate and report, based on the current scientific literature, the approaches for bone tissue regeneration using bioactive hydrogel-based scaffolds, cell-based therapies, and three-dimensional bioprinting to define the key challenges preventing their use in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariane B Sordi
- Research Center on Dental Implants, Department of Odontology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianopolis, SC, Brazil; Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, SE1 9RT, UK.
| | - Ariadne Cruz
- Department of Odontology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianopolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - Márcio C Fredel
- Ceramic and Composite Materials Research Group, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianopolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - Ricardo Magini
- Department of Odontology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Paul T Sharpe
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, SE1 9RT, UK.
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Dang L, Zhu J, Song C. The effect of topical administration of simvastatin on entochondrostosis and intramembranous ossification: An animal experiment. J Orthop Translat 2021; 28:1-9. [PMID: 33575165 PMCID: PMC7844440 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2020.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Simvastatin, a drug for lowering serum cholesterol, has been shown to enhance bone regeneration, but few studies have qualitatively and quantitatively tested its effect when used topically in different animal models. This study aims to investigate topical administration of simvastatin as a bone regeneration inducer by testing its effect on bone formation in both long tubular bone and flat bone defect, and the mechanism involved. Methods Two animal models were used for testing the effect of simvastatin on entochondrostosis and intramembranous ossification respectively. Simvastatin of different dosages combined with poly lactic acid were implanted in extreme radial defects of 12 adult male New Zealand rabbits. Bone formation was monitored using x-ray and CT-scan and measured using x-ray scales, pixel values and spiral CT-scan for 16 weeks before being subject to histological and immunohistochemistry examination. The result was compared with that of autograft and blank control groups. Simvastatin with thrombin and fibrin sealant were implanted in calvarial defects of three Rhesus monkeys and monitored for 18 weeks. Bone formation was compared between the simvastatin and the blank control group using spiral CT-scan and histological examination. Results Both visual and quantitative measurements by x-ray and spiral CT-scan indicated significant bone formation in radial defects in all simvastatin groups and the autograft group whereas no bone formation was found in control groups. There was no significant difference in bone formation quantity between 100 mg simvastatin and autograft. Histological and immunohistochemistry examination indicated entochondrostosis in association with positive expression of BMP-2 and HIF-1 alpha. Spiral CT-scan and histological examination of calvarial defects of monkeys showed intramembranous ossification after simvastatin implantation. No change was found in the control group. Conclusions Topical administration of simvastatin induces entochondrostosis and intramembranous ossification by enhancing expression of BMP-2 and HIF-1 alpha. The effect of simvastatin on bone regeneration is comparable to autograft. The translational potential of this article Topical administration of simvastatin can repair bone defect in both long tubular bones and flat bones of rabbits and monkeys as effectively as autograft. Given that it is cheap, safe and already in clinical use, simvastatin might be considered as a bone regeneration inducer with great potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Dang
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University 3rd Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease Research, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jinglin Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Chunli Song
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University 3rd Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease Research, Beijing, PR China
- Corresponding author. Department of Orthopedics, Peking University 3rd Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease Research, 49 North Garden Rd., Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, PR China.
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Della Coletta BB, Jacob TB, Moreira LADC, Pomini KT, Buchaim DV, Eleutério RG, Pereira EDSBM, Roque DD, Rosso MPDO, Shindo JVTC, Duarte MAH, Alcalde MP, Júnior RSF, Barraviera B, Dias JA, Andreo JC, Buchaim RL. Photobiomodulation Therapy on the Guided Bone Regeneration Process in Defects Filled by Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Associated with Fibrin Biopolymer. Molecules 2021; 26:847. [PMID: 33562825 PMCID: PMC7914843 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26040847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim is to evaluate the effects of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) on the guided bone regeneration process (GBR) in defects in the calvaria of rats filled with biphasic calcium phosphate associated with fibrin biopolymer. Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly separated: BMG (n = 10), defects filled with biomaterial and covered by membrane; BFMG (n = 10), biomaterial and fibrin biopolymer covered by membrane; and BFMLG (n = 10), biomaterial and fibrin biopolymer covered by membrane and biostimulated with PBMT. The animals were euthanized at 14 and 42 days postoperatively. Microtomographically, in 42 days, there was more evident bone growth in the BFMLG, limited to the margins of the defect with permanence of the particles. Histomorphologically, an inflammatory infiltrate was observed, which regressed with the formation of mineralized bone tissue. In the quantification of bone tissue, all groups had a progressive increase in new bone tissue with a significant difference in which the BFMLG showed greater bone formation in both periods (10.12 ± 0.67 and 13.85 ± 0.54), followed by BFMG (7.35 ± 0.66 and 9.41 ± 0.84) and BMG (4.51 ± 0.44 and 7.11 ± 0.44). Picrosirius-red staining showed greater birefringence of collagen fibers in yellow-green color in the BFMLG, showing more advanced bone maturation. PBMT showed positive effects capable of improving and accelerating the guided bone regeneration process when associated with biphasic calcium phosphate and fibrin biopolymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Botteon Della Coletta
- Department of Biological Sciences (Anatomy), Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru 17012-901, São Paulo, Brazil; (B.B.D.C.); (K.T.P.); (M.P.d.O.R.); (J.V.T.C.S.); (J.C.A.)
| | - Thiago Borges Jacob
- Medical and Dentistry School, University of Marilia (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil; (T.B.J.); (L.A.d.C.M.); (D.V.B.); (R.G.E.); (E.d.S.B.M.P.); (D.D.R.)
| | - Luana Aparecida de Carvalho Moreira
- Medical and Dentistry School, University of Marilia (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil; (T.B.J.); (L.A.d.C.M.); (D.V.B.); (R.G.E.); (E.d.S.B.M.P.); (D.D.R.)
| | - Karina Torres Pomini
- Department of Biological Sciences (Anatomy), Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru 17012-901, São Paulo, Brazil; (B.B.D.C.); (K.T.P.); (M.P.d.O.R.); (J.V.T.C.S.); (J.C.A.)
- Medical and Dentistry School, University of Marilia (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil; (T.B.J.); (L.A.d.C.M.); (D.V.B.); (R.G.E.); (E.d.S.B.M.P.); (D.D.R.)
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marilia (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil;
| | - Daniela Vieira Buchaim
- Medical and Dentistry School, University of Marilia (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil; (T.B.J.); (L.A.d.C.M.); (D.V.B.); (R.G.E.); (E.d.S.B.M.P.); (D.D.R.)
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marilia (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil;
- Medical School, University Center of Adamantina (UniFAI), Adamantina 17800-000, São Paulo, Brazil
- Center for the Study of Venoms and Venomous Animals (CEVAP), São Paulo State University (Univ Estadual Paulista, UNESP), Botucatu 18610-307, São Paulo, Brazil; (R.S.F.J.); (B.B.)
| | - Rachel Gomes Eleutério
- Medical and Dentistry School, University of Marilia (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil; (T.B.J.); (L.A.d.C.M.); (D.V.B.); (R.G.E.); (E.d.S.B.M.P.); (D.D.R.)
| | - Eliana de Souza Bastos Mazuqueli Pereira
- Medical and Dentistry School, University of Marilia (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil; (T.B.J.); (L.A.d.C.M.); (D.V.B.); (R.G.E.); (E.d.S.B.M.P.); (D.D.R.)
| | - Domingos Donizeti Roque
- Medical and Dentistry School, University of Marilia (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil; (T.B.J.); (L.A.d.C.M.); (D.V.B.); (R.G.E.); (E.d.S.B.M.P.); (D.D.R.)
| | - Marcelie Priscila de Oliveira Rosso
- Department of Biological Sciences (Anatomy), Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru 17012-901, São Paulo, Brazil; (B.B.D.C.); (K.T.P.); (M.P.d.O.R.); (J.V.T.C.S.); (J.C.A.)
| | - João Vitor Tadashi Cosin Shindo
- Department of Biological Sciences (Anatomy), Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru 17012-901, São Paulo, Brazil; (B.B.D.C.); (K.T.P.); (M.P.d.O.R.); (J.V.T.C.S.); (J.C.A.)
| | - Marco Antônio Húngaro Duarte
- Department of Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru 17012-901, São Paulo, Brazil;
| | - Murilo Priori Alcalde
- Department of Health Science, Unisagrado University Center, Bauru 17011-160, São Paulo, Brazil;
| | - Rui Seabra Ferreira Júnior
- Center for the Study of Venoms and Venomous Animals (CEVAP), São Paulo State University (Univ Estadual Paulista, UNESP), Botucatu 18610-307, São Paulo, Brazil; (R.S.F.J.); (B.B.)
- Graduate Program in Tropical Diseases, Botucatu Medical School (FMB), São Paulo State University (UNESP – Univ Estadual Paulista), Botucatu 18618-687, São Paulo, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Clinical Research, Center for the Study of Venoms and Venomous Animals (CEVAP), São Paulo State University (UNESP–Univ Estadual Paulista), Botucatu 18610-307, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Benedito Barraviera
- Center for the Study of Venoms and Venomous Animals (CEVAP), São Paulo State University (Univ Estadual Paulista, UNESP), Botucatu 18610-307, São Paulo, Brazil; (R.S.F.J.); (B.B.)
- Graduate Program in Tropical Diseases, Botucatu Medical School (FMB), São Paulo State University (UNESP – Univ Estadual Paulista), Botucatu 18618-687, São Paulo, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Clinical Research, Center for the Study of Venoms and Venomous Animals (CEVAP), São Paulo State University (UNESP–Univ Estadual Paulista), Botucatu 18610-307, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jefferson Aparecido Dias
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marilia (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil;
- Postgraduate Program in Law, University of Marilia (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jesus Carlos Andreo
- Department of Biological Sciences (Anatomy), Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru 17012-901, São Paulo, Brazil; (B.B.D.C.); (K.T.P.); (M.P.d.O.R.); (J.V.T.C.S.); (J.C.A.)
| | - Rogério Leone Buchaim
- Department of Biological Sciences (Anatomy), Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru 17012-901, São Paulo, Brazil; (B.B.D.C.); (K.T.P.); (M.P.d.O.R.); (J.V.T.C.S.); (J.C.A.)
- Center for the Study of Venoms and Venomous Animals (CEVAP), São Paulo State University (Univ Estadual Paulista, UNESP), Botucatu 18610-307, São Paulo, Brazil; (R.S.F.J.); (B.B.)
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Ion R, Necula MG, Mazare A, Mitran V, Neacsu P, Schmuki P, Cimpean A. Drug Delivery Systems Based on Titania Nanotubes and Active Agents for Enhanced Osseointegration of Bone Implants. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:854-902. [PMID: 31362646 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190726123229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
TiO2 nanotubes (TNTs) are attractive nanostructures for localized drug delivery. Owing to their excellent biocompatibility and physicochemical properties, numerous functionalizations of TNTs have been attempted for their use as therapeutic agent delivery platforms. In this review, we discuss the current advances in the applications of TNT-based delivery systems with an emphasis on the various functionalizations of TNTs for enhancing osteogenesis at the bone-implant interface and for preventing implant-related infection. Innovation of therapies for enhancing osteogenesis still represents a critical challenge in regeneration of bone defects. The overall concept focuses on the use of osteoconductive materials in combination with the use of osteoinductive or osteopromotive factors. In this context, we highlight the strategies for improving the functionality of TNTs, using five classes of bioactive agents: growth factors (GFs), statins, plant derived molecules, inorganic therapeutic ions/nanoparticles (NPs) and antimicrobial compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raluca Ion
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Madalina Georgiana Necula
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anca Mazare
- University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Department of Materials Science, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Valentina Mitran
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Patricia Neacsu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Patrik Schmuki
- University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Department of Materials Science, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anisoara Cimpean
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
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Littuma GJS, Sordi MB, Borges Curtarelli R, Aragonês Á, da Cruz ACC, Magini RS. Titanium coated with poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid incorporating simvastatin: Biofunctionalization of dental prosthetic abutments. J Periodontal Res 2019; 55:116-124. [PMID: 31493346 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To propose a biofunctionalized prosthetic abutment by analyzing physico-chemical and morphological properties, simvastatin (SIM) release, and biocompatibility of titanium (Ti) disks coated with poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) incorporating SIM. METHODS Titanium disks (8 × 3 mm) were distributed into four groups: Ti: pure Ti; Ti + PLGA: Ti coated with PLGA; Ti + PLGA + SIM6%: Ti + PLGA with 6% SIM; and Ti + PLGA + SIM0.6%: Ti + PLGA incorporating 0.6% SIM. PLGA was prepared through chloroform evaporation technique. After complete dissolution of PLGA, SIM was diluted in the solution. Ti + PLGA, Ti + PLGA + SIM6%, and Ti + PLGA + SIM0.6% were dip coated with PLGA and PLGA + SIM, respectively. Samples were sterilized by ethylene oxide. For SIM release assay, disks were submerged in PBS, pH 7.4, 37°C, 30 rpm up to 600 hours. At different time intervals, SIM was quantified by spectrophotometry (238 nm). For characterization of the biomaterial components, it was performed Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), optical profilometry, and atomic force microscopy. Biocompatibility analyses were performed by MTS colorimetric assay on murine fibroblasts L929, human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs), and stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs). Absorbance was measured at 490 nm, and percentages of viable cells were calculated in relation to positive control (Ti). SEM images were obtained to verify cell adhesion and morphology. One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test was applied (P < 0.05) for statistical analyses. RESULTS SIM release was slow and continuous, reaching about 21% of the incorporated SIM after 600 hours. Topographical analyses revealed success in coating Ti disks with PLGA incorporating SIM. Regarding biocompatibility test, Ti + PLGA + SIM0.6% showed the highest percentage of L929 viability at days 3 and 7. There was no significant difference for Ti, Ti + PLGA, and Ti + PLGA + SIM0.6% groups on cell viability of both SHEDs and HGFs at days 3 and 7. SEM corroborates that SHEDs and HGFs were able to adhere and proliferate on Ti, Ti + PLGA, and Ti + PLGA + SIM0.6% surfaces. CONCLUSION A slow and controlled release of SIM was achieved, attributed to a diffusional mass transfer mechanism. Moreover, a homogenous coating topography was obtained. Additionally, 0.6% SIM incorporated into PLGA coating improved fibroblasts L929 viability compared to titanium or PLGA. Also, 0.6% SIM incorporated into PLGA promoted cell viability of about 100% for HGFs and approximately 150% for human mesenchymal stem cells. Therefore, this study allows to consider the use of PLGA-coated titanium incorporating SIM as a biofunctionalized abutment for dental implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo J S Littuma
- Dentistry Post Graduation, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Mariane B Sordi
- Dentistry Post Graduation, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ariadne C C da Cruz
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Ricardo S Magini
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
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Encarnação IC, Sordi MB, Aragones Á, Müller CMO, Moreira AC, Fernandes CP, Ramos JV, Cordeiro MMR, Fredel MC, Magini RS. Release of simvastatin from scaffolds of poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic) acid and biphasic ceramic designed for bone tissue regeneration. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2019; 107:2152-2164. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Isis C. Encarnação
- Center for Research on Dental Implants (CEPID), Department of DentistryFederal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis Brazil
| | - Mariane B. Sordi
- Center for Research on Dental Implants (CEPID), Department of DentistryFederal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis Brazil
| | - Águedo Aragones
- Center for Research on Dental Implants (CEPID), Department of DentistryFederal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis Brazil
- Ceramic & Composite Materials Research Laboratories (CERMAT), Department of Mechanical EngineeringFederal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis Brazil
| | | | - Anderson C. Moreira
- Laboratory of Porous Media and Thermophysical Properties (LMPT)Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis Brazil
| | - Celso P. Fernandes
- Laboratory of Porous Media and Thermophysical Properties (LMPT)Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis Brazil
| | - Jeferson V. Ramos
- Laboratory of Porous Media and Thermophysical Properties (LMPT)Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis Brazil
| | - Mabel M. R. Cordeiro
- Center for Research on Dental Implants (CEPID), Department of DentistryFederal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis Brazil
| | - Márcio C. Fredel
- Ceramic & Composite Materials Research Laboratories (CERMAT), Department of Mechanical EngineeringFederal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis Brazil
| | - Ricardo S. Magini
- Center for Research on Dental Implants (CEPID), Department of DentistryFederal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis Brazil
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11
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Lin L, Ma J, Mei Q, Cai B, Chen J, Zuo Y, Zou Q, Li J, Li Y. Elastomeric Polyurethane Foams Incorporated with Nanosized Hydroxyapatite Fillers for Plastic Reconstruction. NANOMATERIALS 2018; 8:nano8120972. [PMID: 30477270 PMCID: PMC6316613 DOI: 10.3390/nano8120972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Plastic surgeons have long searched for the ideal materials to use in craniomaxillofacial reconstruction. The aim of this study was to obtain a novel porous elastomer based on designed aliphatic polyurethane (PU) and nanosized hydroxyapatite (n-HA) fillers for plastic reconstruction. The physicochemical properties of the prepared composite elastomer were characterized by infrared spectroscopy (IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermal analysis, mechanical tests, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results assessed by the dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) demonstrated that the n-HA/PU compounded foams had a good elasticity, flexibility, and supporting strength. The homogenous dispersion of the n-HA fillers could be observed throughout the cross-linked PU matrix. The porous elastomer also showed a uniform pore structure and a resilience to hold against general press and tensile stress. In addition, the elastomeric foams showed no evidence of cytotoxicity and exhibited the ability to enhance cell proliferation and attachment when evaluated using rat-bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). The animal experiments indicated that the porous elastomers could form a good integration with bone tissue. The presence of n-HA fillers promoted cell infiltration and tissue regeneration. The elastomeric and bioactive n-HA/PU composite foam could be a good candidate for future plastic reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Lin
- Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials, Analytical and Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Jingqi Ma
- Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials, Analytical and Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Quanjing Mei
- Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials, Analytical and Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Bin Cai
- Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials, Analytical and Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Jie Chen
- Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials, Analytical and Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Yi Zuo
- Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials, Analytical and Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Qin Zou
- Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials, Analytical and Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Jidong Li
- Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials, Analytical and Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Yubao Li
- Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials, Analytical and Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
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12
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Hu Q, Liu M, Chen G, Xu Z, Lv Y. Demineralized Bone Scaffolds with Tunable Matrix Stiffness for Efficient Bone Integration. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:27669-27680. [PMID: 30063134 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b08668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
As a biophysical cue, matrix stiffness can decide the stem cell fate. However, most methods to construct three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds may change the 3D microstructure while altering their mechanical properties. In this study, demineralized bone matrix scaffolds with different compressive modulus (66.06 ± 27.83 MPa (high), 26.90 ± 13.16 MPa (medium), and 0.67 ± 0.14 MPa (low)) were constructed by controlling the decalcification duration (1 h, 12 h, and 5 days), respectively. The pore size and porosity have no significant difference between the scaffolds before and after decalcification. Cell experiments indicated that the low scaffolds could promote the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in vitro. Rat subcutaneous implantation experiments further demonstrated that the low scaffolds could efficiently improve the cell infiltration, deposition of collagen fibers, and positive osteocalcin and osteopontin expression of endogenous cells as well as angiogenesis. Finally, rabbit femoral condylar defect experiments proved that the low scaffolds could significantly promote the bone repair and integration and stromal cell derived factor-1α/CXC chemokine receptor signal pathway was essential for the stiffness-mediated bone repair. These investigations provided a novel method for fabricating 3D bone grafts with different stiffness, which is also of great significance for studying the effect of stiffness on the biological behavior of MSCs in three dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxia Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College and Mechanobiology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Bioengineering College , Chongqing University , Chongqing 400044 , P. R. China
| | - Mengying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College and Mechanobiology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Bioengineering College , Chongqing University , Chongqing 400044 , P. R. China
| | - Guobao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College and Mechanobiology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Bioengineering College , Chongqing University , Chongqing 400044 , P. R. China
| | - Zhiling Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College and Mechanobiology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Bioengineering College , Chongqing University , Chongqing 400044 , P. R. China
| | - Yonggang Lv
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College and Mechanobiology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Bioengineering College , Chongqing University , Chongqing 400044 , P. R. China
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13
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Ridge Preservation After Maxillary Third Molar Extraction Using 30% Porosity PLGA/HA/β-TCP Scaffolds With and Without Simvastatin. IMPLANT DENT 2017; 26:832-840. [DOI: 10.1097/id.0000000000000655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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14
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Zhou X, Chen J, Wang C, Wu L. Anti-inflammatory effects of Simvastatin in patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage in an intensive care unit. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:6193-6200. [PMID: 29285177 PMCID: PMC5740808 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage is one of the most common types of cerebrovascular disease in humans and often causes paralysis, a vegetative state and even death. Patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage are frequently monitored in intensive care units (ICUs). Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage is associated with a higher rate of mortality and morbidity than other intracephalic diseases. The expression levels of inflammatory factors have important roles in inflammatory responses indicative of changes in a patient's condition and are therefore important in the monitoring and treatment of affected patients at the ICU as well as the development of therapeutic strategies for acute cerebral hemorrhage. The present study investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of Simvastatin in patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage at an ICU, and inflammatory factors and cellular changes were systematically analyzed. The plasma concentrations of inflammatory factors, including interleukin (IL)-4, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10, were evaluated by ELISAs. The plasma concentrations of inflammatory cellular changes were detected by using flow cytometry. The results demonstrated that after Simvastatin treatment of patients with acute cerebral hemorrhage at the ICU, the plasma concentrations of IL-4, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 were downregulated compared with those in placebo-treated controls. In addition, Simvastatin treatment at the ICU decreased lymphocytes, granulocytes and mononuclear cells in patients with acute cerebral hemorrhage. The levels of inflammatory factors were associated with brain edema in patients with acute cerebral hemorrhage treated at the ICU. In addition, the amount of bleeding was reduced in parallel with the inflammatory cell plasma concentration of lymphocytes, granulocytes and mononuclear cells. Importantly, Simvastatin treatment produced beneficial outcomes by improving brain edema and reducing the amount of bleeding. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated the efficacy of Simvastatin in treating acute intracerebral hemorrhage and evidenced the association between inflammatory responses and the progress of affected patients at the ICU, thereby providing insight for applying effective therapies for patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiurong Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261041, P.R. China
| | - Jiafeng Chen
- Department of Neurology, People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261041, P.R. China.,Intensive Care Unit, People's Hospital of Changle County, Weifang, Shandong 262400, P.R. China
| | - Chengdong Wang
- Central Laboratory, People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261041, P.R. China
| | - Lili Wu
- Department of Neurology, People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261041, P.R. China
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15
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Zhang J, Wang H, Shi J, Wang Y, Lai K, Yang X, Chen X, Yang G. Combination of simvastatin, calcium silicate/gypsum, and gelatin and bone regeneration in rabbit calvarial defects. Sci Rep 2016; 6:23422. [PMID: 26996657 PMCID: PMC4800449 DOI: 10.1038/srep23422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was performed to determine whether simvastatin improves bone regeneration when combined with calcium silicate/gypsum and gelatin (CS-GEL). The surface morphology was determined using field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FSEM). Degradation in vitro was evaluated by monitoring the weight change of the composites soaked in phosphate buffered saline (PBS). Drug release was evaluated using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Cytotoxicity testing was performed to assess the biocompatibility of composites. Four 5 mm-diameter bone defects were created in rabbit calvaria. Three sites were filled with CS-GEL, 0.5 mg simvastatin-loaded CS-GEL (SIM-0.5) and 1.0 mg simvastatin-loaded CS-GEL (SIM-1.0), respectively, and the fourth was left empty as the control group. Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and histological analysis were carried out at 4 and 12 weeks postoperatively. The composites all exhibited three-dimensional structures and showed the residue with nearly 80% after 4 weeks of immersion. Drug release was explosive on the first day and then the release rate remained stable. The composites did not induce any cytotoxicity. The results in vivo demonstrated that the new bone formation and the expressions of BMP-2, OC and type I collagen were improved in the simvastatin-loaded CS-GEL group. It was concluded that the simvastatin-loaded CS-GEL may improve bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Implantology, Stomatology Hospital, School of Medical, Zhejiang University, Yan’an Road, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Huiming Wang
- Department of Implantology, Stomatology Hospital, School of Medical, Zhejiang University, Yan’an Road, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jue Shi
- Department of Implantology, Stomatology Hospital, School of Medical, Zhejiang University, Yan’an Road, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatology Hospital, School of Medical, Zhejiang University, Yan’an Road, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Kaichen Lai
- Department of Implantology, Stomatology Hospital, School of Medical, Zhejiang University, Yan’an Road, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xianyan Yang
- Zhejiang-California International Nanosystem Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaoyi Chen
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, No. 158 Shangtang Road, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Guoli Yang
- Department of Implantology, Stomatology Hospital, School of Medical, Zhejiang University, Yan’an Road, Hangzhou, P. R. China
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