1
|
Sato Y, Takahashi S, Toshiyasu T, Tsuji H, Hanai N, Homma A. Squamous cell carcinoma of the eyelid. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2024; 54:4-12. [PMID: 37747408 PMCID: PMC10773209 DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyad127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Eyelid squamous cell carcinoma is a major type of rare eyelid cancer, together with basal cell carcinoma and sebaceous gland carcinoma. It is a painless disease that progresses slowly and is often detected by the appearance of nodules or plaques. Risk factors include exposure to ultraviolet light, fair skin, radiation and human papillomavirus infection. The standard treatment is surgical removal, and in cases of orbital invasion, orbital content removal is required. If sentinel node biopsy reveals a high risk of lymph node metastasis, adjuvant radiotherapy may be considered. Local chemotherapy, such as imiquimod and 5-fluorouracil, may be used for eyelid squamous cell carcinoma in situ. When surgery or radiotherapy is not recommended for distant metastases or locally advanced disease, drug therapy is often according to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in Japan. The treatment often requires a multidisciplinary team to ensure the preservation of function and cosmetic appearance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyoshi Sato
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Chemotherapy and Cancer Center, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shunji Takahashi
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Toshiyasu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideki Tsuji
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Hanai
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akihiro Homma
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Peric B, Leiler S, Hawlina G, Jancar B, Snoj M, Perhavec A. Sentinel Node Biopsy for Conjunctival Melanoma; Single Centre Experience and Review of Current Literature. Cancer Control 2021; 28:10732748211042116. [PMID: 34633246 PMCID: PMC8512233 DOI: 10.1177/10732748211042116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the role of sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy in patients with
conjuctival melanoma (CjM). Study design Retrospective observational cohort study and literature review. Subjects Slovenian patients with CjM are included in the study. Methods Prospectively collected data of CjM patients treated from June 2005 to
December 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Main outcome measures The numbers of SLN biopsy procedures, positive and false positive SLN, and
local and regional relapses have been described together with overall
survival. Results From June 2005 until December 2016, 24 patients with CjM were treated. The
median follow-up time was 65.3 months. The mean Breslow thickness was 1.5 mm
(sd = 1.8 mm), and ulceration was present in 29% of cases. Altogether, 14/24
(58%) SLN biopsy procedures were performed. SLN was positive in 2/14 (14%)
cases. The estimated 5-year overall survival (OS) of the group was 72.5%,
with a median survival of 151 months (95% CI 77–224). From January 2013 to
January 2020, five (5/140, 3%) authors reported results comparable to our
study. Conclusion Our results confirm that CjM is a rare disease with approximately 14% of
positive SLN. At the moment, there are no firm conclusions regarding who
would benefit most from SLN biopsy or whether or not CLND should be offered.
Data from literature emphasize the need for consistent and uniform staging
and future multicentric studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Peric
- 68196Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Spela Leiler
- Eye Hospital, 37667University Medical Centre, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Gregor Hawlina
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Eye Hospital, 37667University Medical Centre, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Boris Jancar
- 68196Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marko Snoj
- 68196Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Andraz Perhavec
- 68196Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ulloa-Padilla JP, Khararjian A, Choi CJ. Cutaneous eyelid melanoma in an African American child. Orbit 2021; 40:415-418. [PMID: 32731781 DOI: 10.1080/01676830.2020.1799419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cutaneous melanoma of the eyelid constitutes less than 2% of all eyelid malignancies. Such cases in the pediatric population are even rarer, and exceedingly so in darkly pigmented individuals. A 9-year-old African American boy presented with a left upper eyelid lesion. Biopsy was consistent with deep penetrating melanoma, and the patient underwent a wide local excision and sentinel node biopsy. One upper parotid sentinel node was positive, leading to further parotidectomy and selective neck dissection. The eyelid defect was reconstructed by primary closure after margin clearance. This is the first reported case of cutaneous eyelid melanoma in an African American child with nodal metastasis. Clinical features of melanoma in the pediatric population can be more atypical and higher index of suspicion is indicated. While rare, the diagnosis of melanoma in darkly pigmented patients is still possible and cannot be excluded without a definitive biopsy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan P Ulloa-Padilla
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Armen Khararjian
- Departments of Pathology, The Permanente Medical Group, Walnut Creek, CA, USA
| | - Catherine J Choi
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Permanente Medical Group, Walnut Creek, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Outcomes and predictors of survival in cutaneous melanoma of the eyelid: An analysis of the National Cancer Database. J Am Acad Dermatol 2020; 84:1753-1758. [PMID: 33144152 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.10.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
5
|
|
6
|
Cohen VML, O'Day RF. Management Issues in Conjunctival Tumours: Conjunctival Melanoma and Primary Acquired Melanosis. Ophthalmol Ther 2019; 8:501-510. [PMID: 31691901 PMCID: PMC6858423 DOI: 10.1007/s40123-019-00219-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Conjunctival melanoma is a rare malignant condition of the ocular surface. It is potentially lethal, with regional lymph node spread often preceding distant solid-organ metastasis. Due to its rarity and the long latency between treatment and local recurrence or the development of metastases, it is difficult to study. The literature is composed entirely of case series of varying quality, and there is significant variability in the management of this condition. This commentary attempts to distil the evidence base to provide practical management tips for the clinician.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victoria M L Cohen
- Ocular Oncology Service, Moorfields Eye Hospital and St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK.
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Ophthalmology at Moorfields Eye Hospital, University College London Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK.
| | - Roderick F O'Day
- Ocular Oncology Service, Moorfields Eye Hospital and St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
White papules in lower right eyelid as a manifestation of mucoepidermoid carcinoma. JAAD Case Rep 2019; 5:739-741. [PMID: 31440573 PMCID: PMC6698698 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2019.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
|
8
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Periocular sebaceous cell carcinoma is a rare malignancy that is often misdiagnosed leading to increased morbidity and mortality. This review aims to describe current knowledge on the disease to aid clinicians in timely diagnosis and treatment. RECENT FINDINGS New research has shown that the diagnosis of sebaceous cell carcinoma can be aided with immunohistochemical stains. A revision in the American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system incorporates new tumor size classifications in the staging of eyelid carcinomas. Wide local excision and Mohs micrographic surgery continue to represent the standard of care for initial treatment of localized disease. SUMMARY The current review highlights diagnostic and treatment modalities to allow clinicians to make timely diagnosis and tailor treatment plans for individual patient presentations.
Collapse
|
9
|
Lassalle S, Caujolle JP, Leger F, Maschi C, Gastaud L, Nahon-Esteve S, Thariat J, Baillif S, Hofman P. [Focus on clinical and pathological management of conjunctival melanocytic tumors]. Ann Pathol 2018; 38:153-163. [PMID: 29803361 DOI: 10.1016/j.annpat.2018.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Conjunctival-pigmented tumors are rare, but they are one of the most commonly encountered by the pathologist working with the department of ophthalmology. Nevus and melanoma can be encountered and have some histological difference compared to their cutaneous counterpart. Primary acquired melanosis (PAM) is a conjunctival specific entity. This clinical term includes several histological lesions ranging from benignity to melanoma precursor lesion. Histologic examination determines the therapy and the risk of progression to melanoma. We present here a histopathological, clinical and therapeutic synthesis of conjunctival-pigmented lesions, emphasizing the importance of a good understanding between clinicians and pathologists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Lassalle
- Laboratoire de pathologie clinique et expérimentale, pavillon J, hôpital Pasteur, CHU de Nice, 30, voie Romaine, CS 51069, 06001 Nice cedex 1, France; Institute of research on cancer and aging de Nice (IRCAN), Inserm U1081/CNRS UMR7284, UFR de médecine, 28, avenue Valombrose, 06107 Nice cedex 2, France; FHU OncoAge Nice, 30, avenue de la voie Romaine, CS 51069, 06001 Nice cedex 1, France.
| | - Jean-Pierre Caujolle
- Service d'ophtalmologie, hôpital Pasteur 2, CHU de Nice, 30, voie Romaine, CS 51069, 06001 Nice cedex 1, France
| | - François Leger
- Service de pathologie, hôpital Pellegrin, CHU de Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Célia Maschi
- Service d'ophtalmologie, hôpital Pasteur 2, CHU de Nice, 30, voie Romaine, CS 51069, 06001 Nice cedex 1, France
| | - Lauris Gastaud
- Département d'oncologie médicale, centre Antoine-Lacassagne, 33, avenue Valombrose, 06189 Nice, France
| | - Sacha Nahon-Esteve
- Service d'ophtalmologie, hôpital Pasteur 2, CHU de Nice, 30, voie Romaine, CS 51069, 06001 Nice cedex 1, France
| | - Juliette Thariat
- Département de radiothérapie, centre Antoine-Lacassagne, 33, avenue Valombrose, 06189 Nice, France
| | - Stéphanie Baillif
- Service d'ophtalmologie, hôpital Pasteur 2, CHU de Nice, 30, voie Romaine, CS 51069, 06001 Nice cedex 1, France
| | - Paul Hofman
- Laboratoire de pathologie clinique et expérimentale, pavillon J, hôpital Pasteur, CHU de Nice, 30, voie Romaine, CS 51069, 06001 Nice cedex 1, France; Institute of research on cancer and aging de Nice (IRCAN), Inserm U1081/CNRS UMR7284, UFR de médecine, 28, avenue Valombrose, 06107 Nice cedex 2, France; FHU OncoAge Nice, 30, avenue de la voie Romaine, CS 51069, 06001 Nice cedex 1, France
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chaves LJ, Huth B, Augsburger JJ, Correa ZM. Eye-Sparing Treatment for Diffuse Invasive Conjunctival Melanoma. Ocul Oncol Pathol 2018; 4:261-266. [PMID: 30643772 DOI: 10.1159/000485978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The management of patients with diffuse invasive conjunctival melanoma focuses on local tumor control and screening for metastasis. Despite the lack of consensus on the benefit of sentinel lymph node biopsy for these neoplasms, the information obtained by histopathology is useful for tumor staging and treatment planning. Due to the lack of evidence of survival improvement, orbital exenteration is being performed with diminishing frequency. We describe a patient with diffuse invasive conjunctival melanoma and lymph node involvement treated by tumor debulking, brachytherapy (custom unshielded radioactive device), and adjuvant ipilimumab who has had a favorable outcome without emergence of local tumor relapse or distant metastasis during 16 months of follow up.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leandro J Chaves
- Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology, and Head and Neck Surgery, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Bradley Huth
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - James J Augsburger
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Zelia M Correa
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Klefter ON, Rasmussen MLR, Toft PB, Heegaard S. Therapeutic options for conjunctival neoplasia. EXPERT REVIEW OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/17469899.2018.1417840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Niels Klefter
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Peter Bjerre Toft
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Steffen Heegaard
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Pathology, Eye Pathology Section, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
The Role for Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in the Management of Conjunctival Melanoma. Int Ophthalmol Clin 2016; 57:87-101. [PMID: 27898616 DOI: 10.1097/iio.0000000000000161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
13
|
Kao A, Afshar A, Bloomer M, Damato B. Management of Primary Acquired Melanosis, Nevus, and Conjunctival Melanoma. Cancer Control 2016; 23:117-25. [DOI: 10.1177/107327481602300205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Kao
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Armin Afshar
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Michele Bloomer
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Bertil Damato
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, California
| |
Collapse
|