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Ramocha LM, Dorfman JR, Groome M, Baillie V, Verwey C, Laubscher M, Nunes MC, Madhi SA. Human Metapneumovirus-Associated Hospitalization in HIV-1 Exposed Uninfected and HIV-1 Uninfected Children Less Than 5 Years in South Africa. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc 2023; 12:53-55. [PMID: 36306473 DOI: 10.1093/jpids/piac112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Using hospital surveillance data, we estimated Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) hospitalization incidence by age and HIV-exposure status. hMPV-associated hospitalization incidence was highest in <1-year children. Incidence rate ratios of HIV-exposed over unexposed children were 1.5 (95%CI 0.9-2.4) for <6-month children, 1.4 (95%CI 0.7-2.4) for 6- to 11-month children and 0.9 (95%CI 0.4-1.9) for 12- to 59-month children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lesego M Ramocha
- South African Medical Research Council Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.,Department of Science/National Research Foundation: Vaccine Preventable Diseases, University of the Witwatersrand, Faculty of Health Sciences, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Jeffrey R Dorfman
- South African Medical Research Council Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.,Department of Science/National Research Foundation: Vaccine Preventable Diseases, University of the Witwatersrand, Faculty of Health Sciences, Johannesburg, South Africa.,Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Michelle Groome
- South African Medical Research Council Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.,Department of Science/National Research Foundation: Vaccine Preventable Diseases, University of the Witwatersrand, Faculty of Health Sciences, Johannesburg, South Africa.,African Leadership in Vaccinology Expertise (ALIVE), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Vicky Baillie
- South African Medical Research Council Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.,Department of Science/National Research Foundation: Vaccine Preventable Diseases, University of the Witwatersrand, Faculty of Health Sciences, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Charl Verwey
- South African Medical Research Council Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.,Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Marius Laubscher
- South African Medical Research Council Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.,Department of Science/National Research Foundation: Vaccine Preventable Diseases, University of the Witwatersrand, Faculty of Health Sciences, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Marta C Nunes
- South African Medical Research Council Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.,Department of Science/National Research Foundation: Vaccine Preventable Diseases, University of the Witwatersrand, Faculty of Health Sciences, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Shabir A Madhi
- South African Medical Research Council Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.,Department of Science/National Research Foundation: Vaccine Preventable Diseases, University of the Witwatersrand, Faculty of Health Sciences, Johannesburg, South Africa.,African Leadership in Vaccinology Expertise (ALIVE), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Hacker K, Kuan G, Vydiswaran N, Chowell‐Puente G, Patel M, Sanchez N, Lopez R, Ojeda S, Lopez B, Mousa J, Maier HE, Balmaseda A, Gordon A. Pediatric burden and seasonality of human metapneumovirus over 5 years in Managua, Nicaragua. Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2022; 16:1112-1121. [PMID: 35965382 PMCID: PMC9530515 DOI: 10.1111/irv.13034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is an important cause of pediatric respiratory infection. We leveraged the Nicaraguan Pediatric Influenza Cohort Study (NPICS) to assess the burden and seasonality of symptomatic hMPV infection in children. METHODS NPICS is an ongoing prospective study of children in Managua, Nicaragua. We assessed children for hMPV infection via real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). We used classical additive decomposition analysis to assess the temporal trends, and generalized growth models (GGMs) were used to estimate effective reproduction numbers. RESULTS From 2011 to 2016, there were 564 hMPV symptomatic infections, yielding an incidence rate of 5.74 cases per 100 person-years (95% CI 5.3, 6.2). Children experienced 3509 acute lower respiratory infections (ALRIs), of which 160 (4.6%) were associated with hMPV infection. Children under the age of one had 55% of all symptomatic hMPV infections (62/112) develop into hMPV-associated ALRIs and were five times as likely as children over one to have an hMPV-associated ALRI (rate ratio 5.5 95% CI 4.1, 7.4 p < 0.001). Additionally, symptomatic reinfection with hMPV was common. In total, 87 (15%) of all observed symptomatic infections were detected reinfections. The seasonality of symptomatic hMPV outbreaks varied considerably. From 2011 to 2016, four epidemic periods were observed, following a biennial seasonal pattern. The mean ascending phase of the epidemic periods were 7.7 weeks, with an overall mean estimated reproductive number of 1.2 (95% CI 1.1, 1.4). CONCLUSIONS Symptomatic hMPV infection was associated with substantial burden among children in the first year of life. Timing and frequency of symptomatic hMPV incidence followed biennial patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Hacker
- School of Public Health, Department of EpidemiologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Guillermina Kuan
- Sustainable Sciences InstituteManaguaNicaragua
- Centro de Salud Sócrates Flores VivasMinistry of HealthManaguaNicaragua
| | - Nivea Vydiswaran
- School of Public Health, Department of EpidemiologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Gerardo Chowell‐Puente
- School of Public Health, Department of Population Health SciencesGeorgia State UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Mayuri Patel
- School of Public Health, Department of EpidemiologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | | | - Roger Lopez
- Sustainable Sciences InstituteManaguaNicaragua
- Laboratorio Nacional de Virología, Centro Nacional de Diagnóstico y ReferenciaMinistry of HealthManaguaNicaragua
| | | | | | - Jarrod Mousa
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Center for Vaccines and ImmunologyUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Infectious DiseasesUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
| | - Hannah E. Maier
- School of Public Health, Department of EpidemiologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Angel Balmaseda
- Sustainable Sciences InstituteManaguaNicaragua
- Laboratorio Nacional de Virología, Centro Nacional de Diagnóstico y ReferenciaMinistry of HealthManaguaNicaragua
| | - Aubree Gordon
- School of Public Health, Department of EpidemiologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
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Tang X, Dai G, Wang T, Sun H, Jiang W, Chen Z, Yan Y. Comparison of the clinical features of human bocavirus and metapneumovirus lower respiratory tract infections in hospitalized children in Suzhou, China. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:1074484. [PMID: 36704137 PMCID: PMC9871608 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.1074484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We compared the clinical data of hospitalized children with lower respiratory tract infections caused by human bocavirus (HBoV) and human metapneumovirus (hMPV). METHODS In total, 8,430 children admitted to the Department of Respiration, Children's Hospital of Soochow University for lower respiratory tract infections from January 2017 to October 2021 were enrolled. Seven common respiratory viruses, including respiratory syncytial virus, influenza virus A, influenza virus B, parainfluenza virus (PIV) I, PIV II, PIV III, and adenovirus, were detected by direct immunofluorescence assay, whereas human rhinovirus and hMPV were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) and HBoV were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Bacteria was detected in blood, nasopharyngeal secretion, bronchoalveolar lavage specimen or pleural fluid by culture. In parallel, MP was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In addition, we performed metagenomic testing of alveolar lavage fluid from some of the patients in our study. RESULTS The detection rate of HBoV was 6.62% (558/8430), whereas that of hMPV was 2.24% (189/ 8430). The detection rate of HBoV was significantly higher in children aged 1 to <3 years than in other age groups, but there were no significant differences in positivity rates for hMPV by age. Before 2020, the incidence of HBoV infection peaked in summer and autumn, whereas that of hMPV peaked in spring. The epidemiology of both HBoV and hMPV has changed because of the impact of the novel coronavirus. Among the positive cases, the HBoV mixed infection rate was 51.6%, which was similar to that for hMPV mixed infection (44.4%). Comparing clinical characteristics between HBoV and hMPV single infection, the median age of children was 17 months in the HBoV group and 11 months in the hMPV group. In the HBoV single infection group, 31 patients (11.5%) had pulse oxygen saturation of less than 92% on admission, 47 (17.4%) had shortness of breath, and 26 (9.6%) presented with dyspnea. Meanwhile, four patients (3.8%) in the hMPV single infection group had pulse oxygen saturation of less than 92% on admission, eight (7.6%) displayed shortness of breath, and three (2.9%) had dyspnea. The proportion of patients requiring mechanical ventilation and the rate of PICU admission were higher in the HBoV group than in the hMPV group. CONCLUSION The prevalence of HBoV infection is higher than that of hMPV infection in children with lower respiratory tract infection in Suzhou, and HBoV is more likely to cause severe infection than hMPV. Public health interventions for COVID-19 outbreaks have affected the prevalence of HBoV and hMPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xifeng Tang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Pediatrics, The First People's Hospital of Yan Cheng, Yancheng, China
| | - Ge Dai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Huiming Sun
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wujun Jiang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhengrong Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yongdong Yan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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