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Bekkouch O, Dalli M, Harnafi M, Touiss I, Mokhtari I, Assri SE, Harnafi H, Choukri M, Ko SJ, Kim B, Amrani S. Ginger ( Zingiber officinale Roscoe), Lemon ( Citrus limon L.) Juices as Preventive Agents from Chronic Liver Damage Induced by CCl 4: A Biochemical and Histological Study. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:390. [PMID: 35204272 PMCID: PMC8869411 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Zingiber officinale Roscoe and Citrus limon L. are well known for their multi-use and for their pharmacological effect in the treatment of many illnesses. This study aims to investigate the chemical composition of the ginger and lemon juice extracts and in addition, to evaluate their antioxidant properties and their hepatoprotective effect against the liver damage of Wistar rats induced by the injection of CCl4 to treated animals. The obtained effects were completed by a histological study for better confirmation of the registered pharmacological effects. The ginger juice extract was found to be rich in 4-gingerol, 6-gingediol, and 6-gingerol, while the lemon juice extract chemical composition was highlighted by the presence of eriodyctiol, rutin, hesperidin, and isorhamnetin. Concerning the antioxidant activity, the ginger, lemon juice extracts, and their formulation showed an important antioxidant potential using TAC (total antioxidant capacity), an antiradical activity against the radical DPPH• (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil), and a ferric reducing power. Finally, the ginger, lemon, and their formulation at different doses were able to prevent CCl4 induced liver damage. Indeed, these different bioactive compounds could be used as alternative agents for the treatment of chronic liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oussama Bekkouch
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda 60000, Morocco; (M.H.); (I.T.); (I.M.); (H.H.); (S.A.)
| | - Mohammed Dalli
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda 60000, Morocco; (M.H.); (I.T.); (I.M.); (H.H.); (S.A.)
| | - Mohamed Harnafi
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda 60000, Morocco; (M.H.); (I.T.); (I.M.); (H.H.); (S.A.)
| | - Ilham Touiss
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda 60000, Morocco; (M.H.); (I.T.); (I.M.); (H.H.); (S.A.)
| | - Imane Mokhtari
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda 60000, Morocco; (M.H.); (I.T.); (I.M.); (H.H.); (S.A.)
| | - Soufiane El Assri
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, University Hospital Center Mohammed VI, BP 4806, Oujda 60000, Morocco; (S.E.A.); (M.C.)
| | - Hicham Harnafi
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda 60000, Morocco; (M.H.); (I.T.); (I.M.); (H.H.); (S.A.)
| | - Mohammed Choukri
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, University Hospital Center Mohammed VI, BP 4806, Oujda 60000, Morocco; (S.E.A.); (M.C.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed First University, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Seok-Jae Ko
- Department of Gastroenterology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea;
| | - Bonglee Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Souliman Amrani
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda 60000, Morocco; (M.H.); (I.T.); (I.M.); (H.H.); (S.A.)
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