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Klein LB, Melnik J, Curran K, Luebke J, Moore KM, Ruiz AM, Brown C, Parker D, Hernandez-White I, Walsh K. Trauma- and Violence-Informed Empowering Care for Sexual Assault Survivors. JOURNAL OF FORENSIC NURSING 2024:01263942-990000000-00084. [PMID: 38509039 DOI: 10.1097/jfn.0000000000000483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Forensic nurse examiners, including sexual assault nurse examiners, provide care for survivors holistically through healthcare, emotional support, connection to follow-up care, safety planning, and, if desired, evidence collection to aid in the prosecution of sexual assault. There is increasing recognition that trauma-informed care must also include an understanding of the impacts of structural violence on minoritized patients to ensure health equity. AIM To help address this guidance gap, we expanded Campbell and colleagues' empowering care model using a trauma- and violence-informed care (TVIC) lens. METHODS We used an iterative discussion-based process that included five joint meetings between a seven-member transdisciplinary research team and a five-member nurse advisory board. RESULTS In a TVIC-informed empowering care model, we propose behavioral examples for forensic nurses for each of Campbell et al.'s five key domains of empowering care for forensic nurse examinations (i.e., build rapport and establish trust, show compassion, provide patient-directed care, convey professionalism, and provide resource referral and follow-up). CONCLUSIONS These behavioral examples for nurses can help guide forensic nurse training and practice to reduce disparities in treatment and follow-up support. Structures and systems are needed that enable forensic nurses to provide trauma- and violence-informed empowering care to survivors of sexual assault and, over time, increase the accessibility of forensic nurse examinations and improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L B Klein
- Author Affiliations:Sandra Rosenbaum School of Social Work and
| | - Jessica Melnik
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison
| | | | | | | | - Ashley M Ruiz
- Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University
| | | | | | | | - Kate Walsh
- Departments of Psychology and Gender and Women's Studies, University of Wisconsin-Madison
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McTavish JR, McHolm A, Niec A, Pietrantonio AM, McKee C, MacMillan HL. Case conceptualization in child welfare: an underused resource to improve child, family, and provider outcomes. Front Psychiatry 2024; 14:1292690. [PMID: 38274420 PMCID: PMC10808490 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1292690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Case conceptualization, formally known as case formulation, is one tool that assists in determining the best course of action for children and families experiencing family violence that has been under-utilized in child welfare. In this article we present a step-by-step case conceptualization process that considers the child welfare context. We then present a hypothetical case example of a 10-year-old child referred by a child welfare worker to evidence-based treatment for mental health and behavioural concerns. Mental health services are not helpful for the child and further consultation is enlisted. To more effectively guide intervention and treatment planning and ultimately improve outcomes for the child, we present case conceptualization as a process that incorporates relevant aspects of the child and family's history and circumstance. We conclude with a succinct case conceptualization and treatment plan to show how the prognosis of the child can be improved when case conceptualization is employed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill R. McTavish
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Angela McHolm
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Anne Niec
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Anna Marie Pietrantonio
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Christine McKee
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Harriet L. MacMillan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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Dordunoo D, Limoges J, Chiu P, Puddester R, Carlsson L, Pike A. Genomics-informed nursing strategies and health equity: A scoping review protocol. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0295914. [PMID: 38100433 PMCID: PMC10723661 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this scoping review is to map the available evidence on strategies that nurses can use to facilitate genomics-informed healthcare to address health disparities. INTRODUCTION Advancements in genomics over the last two decades have led to an increase in the delivery of genomics-informed health care. Although the integration of genomics into health care services continues to enhance patient outcomes, access to genomic technologies is not equitable, exacerbating existing health disparities amongst certain populations. As the largest portion of the health workforce, nurses play a critical role in the delivery of equitable genomics-informed care. However, little is known about how nurses can help address health disparities within the context of genomics-informed health care. A review of the literature will provide the necessary foundation to identify promising practices, policy, and knowledge gaps for further areas of inquiry. INCLUSION CRITERIA We will include papers that explore strategies that nurses can undertake to facilitate genomics-informed care to address health disparities. METHODS This review will be conducted using JBI methodology for scoping reviews. We will search electronic databases including MEDLINE (OVID), EMBASE, Cochrane Library, PsychInfo, and CINAHL for quantitative and qualitative studies, systematic reviews and grey literature. Theses, books, and unavailable full-text papers will be excluded. The search will be limited to papers from 2013 and beyond. Two reviewers will screen titles and abstracts followed by full-text and disagreements will be resolved by a third reviewer. We will use a data extraction tool using Microsoft Excel and analyse data using descriptive statistics and conventional content analysis. Findings will be presented in the form of evidence tables and a narrative summary. We will report findings using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). DISCUSSION Genomics will continue to transform all aspects of health care across the wellness continuum from prevention, assessment, diagnosis, management, treatment, and palliative care. The identification of nursing strategies to address health disparities will build the foundation for policy and practice to ensure that the integration of genomic technologies benefits everyone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dzifa Dordunoo
- University of Victoria, School of Nursing, Director, Centre for Evidence informed Nursing and Health Care: JBI Centre of Excellence, Victoria, Canada
| | - Jacqueline Limoges
- Athabasca University, Chair, Ontario Cancer Research Ethics Board, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Rebecca Puddester
- Memorial University of Newfoundland, Faculty of Nursing, St. John’s, Canada
| | | | - April Pike
- Memorial University of Newfoundland, Faculty of Nursing, St. John’s, Canada
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Berishaj K. Advancing Health Equity Through Graduate Forensic Nursing Education. JOURNAL OF FORENSIC NURSING 2023; 19:E14-E18. [PMID: 37205623 DOI: 10.1097/jfn.0000000000000429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Social justice is a core value of nursing and is deeply rooted within forensic nursing. Forensic nurses are uniquely positioned to examine and address social determinants of health that contribute to victimization, lack of access to forensic nursing services, and inability to utilize resources and services aimed at restoring health after an injury or illness related to trauma or violence. To achieve this, forensic nursing capacity and expertise must be strengthened through robust education. A graduate, forensic nursing, program sought to address this educational need by integrating content related to social justice, health equity, health disparity, and social determinants of health throughout its specialty curriculum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Berishaj
- Author Affiliations: School of Nursing, Oakland University
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Ghidei W, Montesanti S, Wells L, Silverstone PH. Perspectives on delivering safe and equitable trauma-focused intimate partner violence interventions via virtual means: A qualitative study during COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1852. [PMID: 36195844 PMCID: PMC9530429 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14224-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has been linked with increased rates of intimate partner violence (IPV) and associated experiences of compounded trauma. The emergence of this global pandemic and the public health measures introduced to limit its transmission necessitated the need for virtually delivered interventions to support continuity of care and access to interventions for individuals affected by IPV throughout the crisis. With the rapid shift to virtual delivery, understanding the barriers to accessing virtually delivering trauma-focused IPV interventions to these individuals was missed. This study aimed to qualitatively describe the challenges experienced by service providers with delivering virtually delivered IPV services that are safe, equitable, and accessible for their diverse clients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods The study involved semi-structured interviews with 24 service providers within the anti-violence sector in Alberta, Canada working with and serving individuals affected by IPV. The interviews focused on the perspectives and experiences of the providers as an indirect source of information about virtual delivery of IPV interventions for a diverse range of individuals affected by IPV. Interview transcripts were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis. Results Findings in our study show the concepts of equity and safety are more complex for individuals affected by IPV, especially those who are socially disadvantaged. Service providers acknowledged pre-existing systemic and institutional barriers faced by underserved individuals impact their access to IPV interventions more generally. The COVID-19 pandemic further compounded these pre-existing challenges and hindered virtual access to IPV interventions. Service providers also highlighted the pandemic exacerbated structural vulnerabilities already experienced by underserved populations, which intensified the barriers they face in seeking help, and reduced their ability to receive safe and equitable interventions virtually. Conclusion The findings from this qualitative research identified key determining factors for delivering safe, equitable, and accessible virtually delivered intervention for a diverse range of populations. To ensure virtual interventions are safe and equitable it is necessary for service providers to acknowledge and attend to underlying systemic and institutional barriers including discrimination and social exclusion. There is also a need for a collaborative commitment from multiple levels of the social, health, and political systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winta Ghidei
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, 3-266 Edmonton Clinic Health Academy 11405-87 Ave, T6G 1C9, Edmonton, Canada.
| | - Stephanie Montesanti
- School of Public Health, Centre for Healthy Communities, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Lana Wells
- Brenda Strafford Chair, Prevention of Domestic Violence, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
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PATCH M, ANDERSON JC, ALEXANDER K, SOMOANO FA, KELEN G, HOLBROOK DS, CAMPBELL JC. Didn't put a label on it: Examining intimate partner strangulation within a diagnostic framework. J Adv Nurs 2022; 79:1575-1588. [PMID: 35864083 PMCID: PMC9922028 DOI: 10.1111/jan.15380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The aim was to examine and describe women's emergency department visits and care-seeking experiences, including recognition, evaluation and communication of symptoms, injuries and health risks after non-fatal intimate partner strangulation. DESIGN Using a diagnostic process framework, this mixed-methods study explores concordance and discordance of interview and medical records data to highlight opportunities for clinical diagnostic improvement. METHODS In-depth, semi-structured interviews with women after an emergency department visit for non-fatal intimate partner strangulation, concurrent with medical records reviews, were conducted between March 2018 and January 2019. A constant comparative approach was used to analyse interview and medical record data using an a priori codebook designed based on the National Academies of Science, Engineering and Medicine's conceptual model of the diagnostic process and prior intimate partner violence research. RESULTS Interviews reflected participants did not have a sense of long-term health risks from their strangulation beyond addressing emotional trauma. Women noted that forensic and emergency nursing support was treatment in and of itself that allowed them to be heard and validated. Medical record clinical impressions and final diagnoses included domestic violence, domestic abuse or sexual assault, but not specifically strangulation. CONCLUSION This study contributes to the growing literature regarding strangulation diagnosis and care. Our findings provide new details of women's emergency department care-seeking experiences which, whilst overall aligned with medical records documentation, were not reflected in final diagnostic impressions nor in patient recollection of long-term health risks. IMPACT Nurses are strongly positioned as clinical practice leaders and policy advocates to improve collective responses to this dangerous violence mechanism. Actions such as improving patient education, referral and follow-up options to better communication and address long-term strangulation risk are one example. Further research on non-fatal intimate partner strangulation and care-seeking is warranted to expand this knowledge, particularly in longitudinal cohorts and varied geographical areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle PATCH
- Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jocelyn C. ANDERSON
- Pennsylvania State University College of Nursing, University Park, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | - Gabor KELEN
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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Robinson JC, Luebke J, Hoffman SJ, Moore KM, Kako PM, Mkandawire-Valhmu L. Commentary on "Burnout and the Sexual Assault Nurse Examiner: Who is Experiencing Burnout and Why?". J Emerg Nurs 2022; 48:123-125. [PMID: 35115183 DOI: 10.1016/j.jen.2022.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Alyousef SM, Alhamidi SA. Exploring Experiences of Workplace Violence and Attempts to Address Violence Among Mental Health Nurses in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. SAGE Open Nurs 2022; 8:23779608221142716. [PMID: 36533256 PMCID: PMC9755545 DOI: 10.1177/23779608221142716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Workplace violence has emerged as a global phenomenon requiring immediate attention. The nursing profession is primarily affected, and the unique vulnerability of nurses to workplace violence is particularly evident in the field of mental health nursing. AIMS This study explores the experiences of mental health nurses with work-related violence and attempts to combat this violence in the context of inpatient mental health facilities in Saudi Arabia. METHODS This research comprises a qualitative exploratory study consisting of semistructured interviews with 16 participants using open-ended questions. The participants are psychiatric/mental health nurses with experience in the field, so this methodological approach facilitates a detailed investigation of their encounters with workplace violence. RESULTS This study reveals that nurses experience violence in accordance with two main themes and subthemes: experiences of workplace violence, the influence of violence on work settings, and efforts required to combat violence. Data show that these participants consider of prime importance access to training to increase safety through knowledge, improved communication, and protective skills, along with adequate staffing and a safe built environment. CONCLUSION The research findings confirm the urgency of addressing the needs of mental health nurses in inpatient psychiatric hospitals. Policymakers in the healthcare field must be aware of the inpatient psychiatric care climate and the need for support from those who staff these areas of practice. Training in specialized knowledge and skills is required to ensure a safe work environment as well as appropriate staffing levels, and a safe built environment. These conditions may be required to recruit and retain mental health nurses capable of providing best-practice care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seham Mansour Alyousef
- Community and Psychiatric Department, Nursing College, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami Abdulrahman Alhamidi
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Nursing College, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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St Ivany A, Schminkey DL, Munro-Kramer ML. Acquired Brain Injuries and Intimate Partner Violence: A Situational Analysis of Help Seeking Barriers in Rural Northern New England. Glob Qual Nurs Res 2021; 8:23333936211008163. [PMID: 33912624 PMCID: PMC8047928 DOI: 10.1177/23333936211008163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Nurses care for women experiencing non-fatal strangulation and acquired brain injuries whether or not it is disclosed. Situational analysis was used to analyze 23 interviews from Northern New England with survivors, healthcare workers, and violence/legal advocates to explore overlapping relationships between violence, acquired brain injuries, non-fatal strangulation, and seeking care. Findings included the concepts of paying social consequences and the normalization of violence. Non-fatal strangulation was described as increasingly related to violence and other areas. Repetitive acquired brain injuries can impair functioning needed to address violence and healthcare providers and advocates are generally unaware of the impact of acquired brain injuries. A lack of resources, training, and tools for acquired brain injury screening were barriers in recognizing and responding to it, causing hidden symptoms. This study adds to the literature examining intimate partner violence in rural areas; specifically intimate partner violence-related acquired brain injuries in rural areas.
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Burton CW, Gilpin CE, Draughon Moret J. Structural violence: A concept analysis to inform nursing science and practice. Nurs Forum 2020; 56:382-388. [PMID: 33355920 DOI: 10.1111/nuf.12535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This analysis is meant to elucidate the concept of structural violence and its implications for nursing science and practice. The concept of structural violence, also known as indirect violence, was first identified in the literature by peace researcher Johan Galtung. According to Galtung, structural violence broadly represents harm done to persons and groups through inequitable social, political, or economic structures. Such inequitable structures, such as systemic discrimination based on race, ethnicity, religion, gender, sexual orientation, etc. create conditions within society that directly disadvantage and oppress members of certain groups. This oppression can inflict profound physical, psychological, and socioeconomic harm on individuals, leading to disparate health outcomes. Using techniques for developing conceptual meaning as outlined in Chinn and Kramer (2018), our analysis seeks to specify meanings and applications of structural violence for application to nursing. This analysis draws on literature from clinical, historical, and other social sciences. Databases including CINAHL, PubMed, JSTOR, and PsychInfo were explored for references to structural violence. Structural violence is readily identified in specific contexts where individuals or groups are disadvantaged by socially constructed systems, such as those of race, gender, and economic privilege. Structural violence can result in health disparities and the development of conditions that predispose individuals to health risks. Nurses must be familiar with the concept to address these issues with patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candace W Burton
- Sue and Bill Gross School of Nursing, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Claire E Gilpin
- Sue and Bill Gross School of Nursing, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Jessica Draughon Moret
- Betty Irene Moore School of Nursing, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
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Jack SM, Munro-Kramer ML, Williams JR, Schminkey D, Tomlinson E, Jennings Mayo-Wilson L, Bradbury-Jones C, Campbell JC. Recognising and responding to intimate partner violence using telehealth: Practical guidance for nurses and midwives. J Clin Nurs 2020; 30:588-602. [PMID: 33141467 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.15554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To synthesise the current, global evidence-informed guidance that supports nurses and midwives to recognise and respond to intimate partner violence (IPV), and how these practices can be translated from face-to-face encounters to care that is delivered through telehealth. BACKGROUND COVID-19-related social and physical distancing measures increase the risk for individuals who are socially isolated with partners who perpetuate violence. Providing support through telehealth is one strategy that can mitigate the pandemic of IPV, while helping patients and providers stay safe from COVID-19. DESIGN AND METHODS In this discursive paper, we describe how practical guidance for safely recognising and responding to IPV in telehealth encounters was developed. The ADAPT-ITT (Assessment, Decisions, Administration, Production, Topical Experts, Integration, Testing, Training) framework was used to guide the novel identification and adaptation of evidence-informed guidance. We focused on the first six stages of the ADAPT-ITT framework. CONCLUSIONS This paper fills a gap in available guidance, specifically for IPV recognition and response via telehealth. We present strategies for prioritising safety and promoting privacy while initiating, managing or terminating a telehealth encounter with patients who may be at risk for or experiencing IPV. Strategies for assessment, planning and intervention are also summarised. System-level responses, such as increasing equitable access to telecommunication technology, are also discussed. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Integrating innovative IPV-focused practices into telehealth care is an important opportunity for nurses and midwives during the current global COVID-19 pandemic. There are also implications for future secondary outbreaks, natural disasters or other physically isolating events, for improving healthcare efficiency, and for addressing the needs of vulnerable populations with limited access to health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan M Jack
- School of Nursing, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | | | - Jessica R Williams
- School of Nursing, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Donna Schminkey
- School of Nursing, College of Health and Behavioral Studies, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA, USA
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