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Da Silva AM, De Lavôr JR, Freitas VS, Vieira AR. Risk of orofacial clefts in relation to maternal body mass index, diabetes and hypertension. J Neonatal Perinatal Med 2024; 17:41-48. [PMID: 38277306 DOI: 10.3233/npm-230118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate if maternal body mass index, diabetes and hypertension are associated with orofacial clefts. METHODS Case-control study. Information from 53,188 live births with and without orofacial cleft registered at USA Vital Statistics Natality Birth Data between 2017 and 2021. Case group consisted of all affected live births diagnosed with orofacial clefts (13,297 cases). Comparison group consisted of 39,891 live births without clefts or any other congenital malformation. Information about orofacial cleft cases were compared with the comparison group. The unadjusted and adjusted Odds Ratios were estimated to evaluate the strength of association between mother's pre-pregnancy body mass index, maternal diabetes and hypertension and orofacial cleft occurrence, assuming a p value < 0.05 and 95% confidence intervals (95% C.I.) for statistically significant differences. RESULTS Mother's pre-pregnancy body mass index, maternal diabetes and maternal hypertension are conditions associated with an increased risk of orofacial cleft development in the child (OR = 1.08, p = 0.004, 95% C.I. = 1.024-1.149; OR = 1.32, 95%, p = 0.000, 95% C.I. = 1.202-1.444; and OR = 1.35, p = 0.000, 95% C.I. = 1.239-1.484; respectively). Maternal ethnicity, sex of infant, and cigarette smoking pregnancy remained as covariates after adjustments in all logistic regression models. CONCLUSION Due to the increased prevalence of obesity, diabetes, and hypertension, and also to their association with congenital malformations, such as clefts, it is recommended that mothers planning to become pregnant to follow healthy habits, maintain healthy weight, and be screened for possible diabetes or hypertension prior to conception and early in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Da Silva
- Public Health PhD Graduate Program, State University of Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - J R De Lavôr
- Pediatric Dentistry PhD Graduate Program, State University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - V S Freitas
- Department of Health, State University of Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil
| | - A R Vieira
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Wei Y, Jin L, Li Z, Liu J, Wang L, Pi X, Yin S, Wang C, Ren A. Levels of uranium and thorium in maternal scalp hair and risk of orofacial clefts in offspring. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2019; 204:125-131. [PMID: 31029986 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Uranium and thorium are common radioactive elements that exist in the environment. However, few environmental epidemiological studies have focused on their possible effects on congenital malformations. Here, we explored the association between uranium and thorium concentrations in maternal scalp hair grown from 3 months before to 3 months after conception, namely during the periconceptional period and the risk of orofacial clefts (OFCs) in offspring. Our study included 153 women whose pregnancies were affected by OFCs (cases) and 601 women who delivered infants without birth defects (controls) from four provinces in China. Face-to-face interviews were used to collect sociodemographic characteristics with a structured questionnaire. Concentrations of uranium and thorium in maternal scalp hair grown during the periconceptional period were detected using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. The risk of OFCs in association with higher concentrations of the two radioactive elements was estimated using odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) while adjusting for potential confounding factors. The levels of uranium and thorium in maternal hair were in agreement with the published literature. After adjusting for several confounders, the ORs of thorium in the highest, upper, and lower quartile versus the lowest quartile were 2.63 (95% CI, 1.41-4.92), 1.98 (95% CI, 1.03-3.79), and 2.73 (95% CI, 1.46-5.12), respectively. No association was found between levels of uranium and the risk of OFCs. Maternal periconceptional exposure to thorium may be a risk factor for OFCs in offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihui Wei
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Lei Jin
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Zhiwen Li
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Jufen Liu
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Xin Pi
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Shengju Yin
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Chengrong Wang
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Aiguo Ren
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China.
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Kim J, Langlois PH, Mitchell LE, Agopian AJ. Maternal occupation and the risk of neural tube defects in offspring. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH 2017; 73:304-312. [PMID: 28723301 DOI: 10.1080/19338244.2017.1356259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated the association between maternal occupation and the risk of neural tube defects (NTDs) in offspring. Data for 491 nonsyndromic cases were obtained from the Texas Birth Defects Registry for deliveries between 1999 and 2009. We randomly selected 2,291 controls among all live births in Texas during this time. Maternal occupations were classified using automated software and manual assignment. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to examine the relationship between maternal occupation and risk for any NTD, adjusting for maternal race/ethnicity, any diabetes, and maternal body mass index. These analyses were repeated for spina bifida specifically. Some maternal occupations, particularly those related to business/finance, health care practice, and cleaning/maintenance, were significantly associated with increased risk of spina bifida and/or any NTD. Further research is needed to identify the specific occupational exposures related to NTD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihye Kim
- a Department of Epidemiology , Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas School of Public Health , Houston , Texas , USA
| | - Peter H Langlois
- b Birth Defects Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch, Texas Department of State Health Services , Austin , Texas , USA
| | - Laura E Mitchell
- a Department of Epidemiology , Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas School of Public Health , Houston , Texas , USA
| | - A J Agopian
- a Department of Epidemiology , Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas School of Public Health , Houston , Texas , USA
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Agopian AJ, Kim J, Langlois PH, Lee L, Whitehead LW, Symanski E, Herdt ML, Delclos GL. Maternal occupational physical activity and risk for orofacial clefts. Am J Ind Med 2017; 60:627-634. [PMID: 28524264 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.22731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To perform a case-control study of maternal occupational physical activity and risk for orofacial clefts in Texas during 1999-2009. METHODS We used logistic regression to assess 14 measures of physical activity estimated from a job exposure matrix, using the maternal occupation reported on the birth certificate, among 887 children with cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CLP), 436 children with cleft palate only (CP), and 1932 controls. RESULTS After adjusting for several potential confounders, seven measures of physical activity (as a categorical and/or continuous variable) were significantly associated with CLP, CP, or both. Positive associations were seen for keeping balance, kneeling, standing, and walking/running (odds ratio 95% confidence interval range 1.0-1.9 for fourth versus first quartile). A significant positive trend was also seen for bending/twisting. Negative associations were seen for repetitive motion and sitting. CONCLUSIONS Maternal occupational physical activity may be related to the etiology of orofacial clefts.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. J. Agopian
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences; UTHealth School of Public Health; Houston Texas
| | - Jihye Kim
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences; UTHealth School of Public Health; Houston Texas
| | - Peter H. Langlois
- Birth Defects Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch; Texas Department of State Health Services; Austin Texas
| | - Laura Lee
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences; UTHealth School of Public Health; Houston Texas
| | - Lawrence W. Whitehead
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences; UTHealth School of Public Health; Houston Texas
| | - Elaine Symanski
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences; UTHealth School of Public Health; Houston Texas
| | - Michele L. Herdt
- Center for Environmental Health; New York State Department of Health; Albany New York
| | - George L. Delclos
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences; UTHealth School of Public Health; Houston Texas
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