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Desando G, Giavaresi G, Cavallo C, Bartolotti I, Sartoni F, Nicoli Aldini N, Martini L, Parrilli A, Mariani E, Fini M, Grigolo B. Autologous Bone Marrow Concentrate in a Sheep Model of Osteoarthritis: New Perspectives for Cartilage and Meniscus Repair. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2017; 22:608-19. [PMID: 27151837 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2016.0033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cell-based therapies are becoming a valuable tool to treat osteoarthritis (OA). This study investigated and compared the regenerative potential of bone marrow concentrate (BMC) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), both engineered with Hyaff(®)-11 (HA) for OA treatment in a sheep model. METHODS OA was induced via unilateral medial meniscectomy. Bone marrow was aspirated from the iliac crest, followed by concentration processes or cell isolation and expansion to obtain BMC and MSC, respectively. Treatments consisted of autologous BMC and MSC seeded onto HA. The regenerative potential of bone, cartilage, menisci, and synovia was monitored using macroscopy, histology, immunohistochemistry, and micro-computed tomography at 12 weeks post-op. Data were analyzed using the general linear model with adjusted Sidak's multiple comparison and Spearman's tests. RESULTS BMC-HA treatment showed a greater repair ability in inhibiting OA progression compared to MSC-HA, leading to a reduction of inflammation in cartilage, meniscus, and synovium. Indeed, the decrease of inflammation positively contributed to counteract the progression of fibrotic and hypertrophic processes, known to be involved in tissue failure. Moreover, the treatment with BMC-HA showed the best results in allowing meniscus regeneration. Minor healing effects were noticed at bone level for both cell strategies; however, a downregulation of subchondral bone thickness (Cs.Th) was found in both cell treatments compared to the OA group in the femur. CONCLUSION The transplantation of BMC-HA provided the best effects in supporting regenerative processes in cartilage, meniscus, and synovium and at less extent in bone. On the whole, both MSC and BMC combined with HA reduced inflammation and contributed to switch off fibrotic and hypertrophic processes. The observed regenerative potential by BMC-HA on meniscus could open new perspectives, suggesting its use not only for OA care but also for the treatment of meniscal lesions, even if further analyses are necessary to confirm its healing potential at long-term follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Desando
- 1 Laboratory RAMSES, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute , Bologna, Italy
| | - Gianluca Giavaresi
- 2 Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute , Bologna, Italy .,3 Laboratory BITTA, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute , Bologna, Italy
| | - Carola Cavallo
- 1 Laboratory RAMSES, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute , Bologna, Italy
| | - Isabella Bartolotti
- 4 Laboratory of Immunorheumatology and Tissue Regeneration, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute , Bologna, Italy
| | - Federica Sartoni
- 1 Laboratory RAMSES, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute , Bologna, Italy
| | - Nicolò Nicoli Aldini
- 2 Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute , Bologna, Italy .,3 Laboratory BITTA, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute , Bologna, Italy
| | - Lucia Martini
- 2 Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute , Bologna, Italy .,3 Laboratory BITTA, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute , Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Erminia Mariani
- 4 Laboratory of Immunorheumatology and Tissue Regeneration, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute , Bologna, Italy .,5 Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University of Bologna , Bologna, Italy
| | - Milena Fini
- 2 Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute , Bologna, Italy .,3 Laboratory BITTA, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute , Bologna, Italy
| | - Brunella Grigolo
- 1 Laboratory RAMSES, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute , Bologna, Italy .,4 Laboratory of Immunorheumatology and Tissue Regeneration, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute , Bologna, Italy
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