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Rahim G, Gupta N, Maheshwari P, Singh M. Monomicrobial Klebsiella pneumoniae necrotizing fasciitis: an emerging life-threatening entity. Clin Microbiol Infect 2019; 25:316-323. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2018.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Hot topics in necrotising skin and soft tissue infections. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2018; 52:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2018.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Malik A, Chakrabarty S, Nair S, Nair D, Chaturvedi P. Necrotizing fasciitis in patients with head and neck cancer. Am J Infect Control 2015; 43:404-5. [PMID: 25721060 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2015.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Revised: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Necrotizing fasciitis is a severe polybacterial infection characterized by necrosis of the fascia and adjacent soft tissues with rapid expansion of the infection along the fascial planes. It is a rare and potentially fatal entity in the head and neck region. We present 2 patients with head and neck cancers who developed necrotizing fasciitis during the postoperative period.
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Ng D, Frazee B. Necrotizing fasciitis caused by hypermucoviscous Klebsiella pneumoniae in a Filipino female in North America. West J Emerg Med 2014; 16:165-8. [PMID: 25671032 PMCID: PMC4307707 DOI: 10.5811/westjem.2014.11.23599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Revised: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Necrotizing fasciitis caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae has been described in Southeast Asia, but has only recently begun to emerge in North America. The hypermucoviscous strain of K. pneumoniae is a particularly virulent strain known to cause devastatingly invasive infections, including necrotizing fasciitis. Here we present the first known case of necrotizing fasciitis caused by hypermucoviscous K. pneumoniae in North America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Ng
- Highland Hospital - Alameda Health System, Department of Emergency Medicine, Oakland, California
| | - Brad Frazee
- Highland Hospital - Alameda Health System, Department of Emergency Medicine, Oakland, California
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Yahav D, Duskin-Bitan H, Eliakim-Raz N, Ben-Zvi H, Shaked H, Goldberg E, Bishara J. Monomicrobial necrotizing fasciitis in a single center: the emergence of Gram-negative bacteria as a common pathogen. Int J Infect Dis 2014; 28:13-6. [PMID: 25220388 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2014.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Revised: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is a life-threatening soft tissue infection. It is usually caused by Streptococcus pyogenes and other Gram-positive bacteria. Several reports, however, emphasize the importance of Gram-negative rods in this infection. METHODS We retrospectively studied all cases of monomicrobial necrotizing fasciitis hospitalized in our center during the years 2002-2012. We compared clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with Gram-negative versus Gram-positive infection. RESULTS Forty-five cases were reviewed, 19 caused by Gram-negative organisms, 10 of them Escherichia coli, and 26 caused by Gram-positive organisms, 10 of them S. pyogenes. Compared to Gram-positive infections, patients with Gram-negative infections were more likely to have a baseline malignancy (9/19, 47.4%) or to have undergone recent surgery (4/19, 42.3%). The 30-day mortality was higher among Gram-negative infected patients (8/19, 42.1% vs. 8/26, 30.8%). Creatine phosphokinase (CPK) was elevated in a minority of patients with Gram-negative necrotizing fasciitis, and its absolute value was lower than in Gram-positive necrotizing fasciitis. CONCLUSIONS In our center, 42% of monomicrobial necrotizing fasciitis cases were found to be caused by Gram-negative organisms, mostly E. coli. These infections usually appeared in immunocompromised or postoperative patients, often presented with normal CPK levels, and were associated with high mortality rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Yahav
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah-Tikva, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - H Duskin-Bitan
- Department of Medicine F-Recanati, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah-Tikva, Israel
| | - N Eliakim-Raz
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah-Tikva, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - H Ben-Zvi
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah-Tikva, Israel
| | - H Shaked
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah-Tikva, Israel
| | - E Goldberg
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah-Tikva, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - J Bishara
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah-Tikva, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Monié M, Drieux L, Nzili B, Dicko M, Goursot C, Greffard S, Decré D, Mézière A. Klebsiella pneumoniae necrotizing fasciitis of the leg in an elderly French woman. Clin Interv Aging 2014; 9:1171-4. [PMID: 25071368 PMCID: PMC4111645 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s60812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae necrotizing fasciitis is a rare infection in regions outside of Asia. Here, we present a case of necrotizing fasciitis of the leg caused by K. pneumoniae in a 92-year-old French woman hospitalized in a geriatric rehabilitation unit. The patient initially presented with dermohypodermitis of the leg that developed from a dirty wound following a fall. A few hours later, this painful injury extended to the entire lower limb, with purplish discoloration of the skin, bullae, and necrosis. Septic shock rapidly appeared and the patient died 9 hours after the onset of symptoms. The patient was Caucasian, with no history of travel to Asia or any underlying disease. Computed tomography revealed no infectious metastatic loci. Blood cultures showed growth of capsular serotype K2 K. pneumoniae strains with virulence factors RmpA, yersiniabactin and aerobactin. This rare and fatal case of necrotizing fasciitis caused by a virulent strain of K. pneumoniae occurred in a hospitalized elderly woman without risk factors. Clinicians and geriatricians in particular should be aware of this important albeit unusual differential diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marguerite Monié
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), GHU Pitié Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, site Charles Foix, Service de Soins de Suite et Réadaptation orthogériatrique et polyvalent, Fondation d’Heur et Chemin Delatour, Ivry s/Seine, Paris, France
| | - Laurence Drieux
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Charles-Foix, Bactériologie-Hygiène, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CR7, Centre d’Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, CIMI, team E13 (Bacteriology), Paris, France
- INSERM, U1135, Centre d’Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, CIMI, team E13 (Bacteriology), Paris, France
| | - Bernadette Nzili
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), GHU Pitié Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, site Charles Foix, Service de Soins de Suite et Réadaptation orthogériatrique et polyvalent, Fondation d’Heur et Chemin Delatour, Ivry s/Seine, Paris, France
| | - Michèle Dicko
- AP-HP, GHU Henri Mondor, Département de Médecine Interne et Gériatrie, Créteil, France
| | - Catherine Goursot
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), GHU Pitié Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, site Charles Foix, Service de Soins de Suite et Réadaptation orthogériatrique et polyvalent, Fondation d’Heur et Chemin Delatour, Ivry s/Seine, Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Greffard
- AP-HP, GHU Pitié Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, site Pitié Salpêtrière, Service de Médecine Gériatrique, Paris, France
| | - Dominique Decré
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CR7, Centre d’Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, CIMI, team E13 (Bacteriology), Paris, France
- INSERM, U1135, Centre d’Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, CIMI, team E13 (Bacteriology), Paris, France
- AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Bactériologie-Hygiène, Paris, France
| | - Anthony Mézière
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), GHU Pitié Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, site Charles Foix, Service de Soins de Suite et Réadaptation orthogériatrique et polyvalent, Fondation d’Heur et Chemin Delatour, Ivry s/Seine, Paris, France
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Rana M, Sturdevant M, Patel G, Huprikar S. Klebsiellanecrotizing soft tissue infections in liver transplant recipients: a case series. Transpl Infect Dis 2013; 15:E157-63. [DOI: 10.1111/tid.12103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2012] [Revised: 02/28/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M.M. Rana
- Department of Medicine; Mount Sinai School of Medicine; New York; New York; USA
| | - M. Sturdevant
- Department of Surgery; University of Pittsburgh Medical Center; Pittsburgh; Pennsylvania; USA
| | - G. Patel
- Department of Medicine; Mount Sinai School of Medicine; New York; New York; USA
| | - S. Huprikar
- Department of Medicine; Mount Sinai School of Medicine; New York; New York; USA
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Persichino J, Tran R, Sutjita M, Kim D. Klebsiella pneumoniae necrotizing fasciitis in a Latin American male. J Med Microbiol 2012; 61:1614-1616. [DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.043638-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jon Persichino
- Department of Internal Medicine, Riverside County Regional Medical Center, Moreno Valley, California, USA
| | - Richard Tran
- Department of Internal Medicine, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Made Sutjita
- Infectious Disease Section, Riverside County Regional Medical Center, Moreno Valley, California, USA
| | - Daniel Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Riverside County Regional Medical Center, Moreno Valley, California, USA
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Cheng NC, Yu YC, Tai HC, Hsueh PR, Chang SC, Lai SY, Yi WC, Fang CT. Recent trend of necrotizing fasciitis in Taiwan: focus on monomicrobial Klebsiella pneumoniae necrotizing fasciitis. Clin Infect Dis 2012; 55:930-9. [PMID: 22715175 DOI: 10.1093/cid/cis565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is a rapidly progressive, life-threatening soft-tissue infection that is traditionally caused by group A Streptococcus (GAS) or mixed aerobic/anaerobic bacteria. Monomicrobial Klebsiella pneumoniae NF (KP-NF) has been reported since 1996 but has not yet been systematically studied. METHODS We retrospectively studied consecutive NF cases treated at a university hospital in Taiwan during 1997-2010 and investigated the clinical characteristics and outcomes associated with monomicrobial KP-NF, using monomicrobial GAS-NF as a reference. We also analyzed the virulence gene profiles of the isolated K. pneumoniae strains. RESULTS Of 134 NF cases, 88 were monomicrobial, of which the most common pathogens were GAS (n = 16) and K. pneumoniae (n = 15). Monomicrobial KP-NF entailed a moderate risk of limb loss (20% vs 25%; P = 1.000) and high mortality (47% vs 19%; P = .135), and it was more likely to involve bacteremia (80% vs 31%; P = .011), concomitant distant abscesses (27% vs 0%; P = .043), and underlying immunocompromising conditions (100% vs 63%; P = .018), compared with GAS-NF. The isolated K. pneumoniae strains (n = 10) were of capsular polysaccharides genotype K1 (n = 4), K54/K20/K5 (n = 4), K2 (n = 1), and K16 (n = 1). All strains carried rmpA, iucABCDiutA, and iroA. Genotype K1 strains had a significantly higher risk of concomitant distant abscesses, compared with non-K1 strains (75% vs 0%; P = .033). CONCLUSIONS K. pneumoniae has become a common pathogen of monomicrobial NF in Taiwan. Physicians treating patients with monomicrobial KP-NF should be aware of the risk of concomitant distant abscesses, particularly in cases caused by genotype K1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nai-Chen Cheng
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei
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Lee SSJ. Editorial commentary: Klebsiella pneumoniae is an emerging major pathogen in necrotizing fasciitis. Clin Infect Dis 2012; 55:940-2. [PMID: 22715174 DOI: 10.1093/cid/cis571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Mita N, Narahara H, Okawa M, Hinohara H, Kunimoto F, Haque A, Saito S, Oshima K. Necrotizing fasciitis following psoas muscle abscess caused by hypermucoviscous Klebsiella pneumoniae. J Infect Chemother 2011; 18:565-8. [PMID: 22065090 DOI: 10.1007/s10156-011-0338-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2011] [Accepted: 10/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A 59-year-old Japanese diabetic woman was admitted to a small private hospital with general malaise, fever, and a 1-month history of low back pain. A computed tomography scan of the abdomen revealed left abdominal necrotizing fasciitis with suspected left psoas muscle abscess. She was transferred to Gunma University Hospital, received antibiotic therapy, and underwent debridement of the infected subcutaneous tissue, fascia, and necrotic left psoas muscle. She was transferred to the intensive care unit to receive mechanical ventilation and inotropic support. Blood culture showed growth of Klebsiella pneumoniae, from which hypermucoviscosity was detected by the string test. She was extubated on day 5 of hospitalization and transferred to a general ward on day 14. Free skin grafting was performed on day 76, and she was discharged on day 134 without any complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norikatsu Mita
- Department of Anesthesiology, Saitama Cardiovascular and Respiratory Disease Center, 1696 Itai, Kumagaya, Saitama, 360-0105, Japan.
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