1
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Lim ZH, Seo SI, Myung DS, Kim SH, Lee HH, Kim S, Lee BI. Current status and clinical outcome of endoscopic hemostatic powder in gastrointestinal bleeding: a retrospective multicenter study. Clin Endosc 2024; 57:620-627. [PMID: 38454544 DOI: 10.5946/ce.2023.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Few multicenter studies have investigated the efficacy of hemostatic powders in gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. We aimed to investigate the clinical outcomes of hemostatic powder therapy and the independent factors affecting rebleeding rates. METHODS We retrospectively recruited patients who underwent a new hemostatic adhesive powder (UI-EWD; Next-Biomedical) treatment for upper and lower GI bleeding between January 1, 2020 and March 1, 2023. We collected patients' medical records and bleeding lesions. The primary outcomes were clinical and technical success rates, and the secondary outcomes were early, delayed, and refractory bleeding, mortality, and factors affecting early rebleeding rates. RESULTS This study enrolled 135 patients (age: 67.7±13.6 years, male: 74.1%) from five hospitals. Indications for UI-EWD were peptic ulcers (51.1%), post-procedure-related bleeding (23.0%), and tumor bleeding (19.3%). The clinical and technical success rates were both 97%. The early, delayed, and refractory rebleeding rates were 19.3%, 11.1%, and 12.8%, respectively. Initially elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels (p=0.014) and Forrest classification IA or IB compared with IIA or IIB (p=0.036) were factors affecting early rebleeding. CONCLUSIONS UI-EWD showed high clinical and technical success rates; however, rebleeding after UI-EWD therapy in patients with initially high BUN levels and active bleeding, according to the Forrest classification, should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zie Hae Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung In Seo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dae-Seong Myung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Seung Han Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Han Hee Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Selen Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bo-In Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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2
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Tabet Aoul A, Mupparuju V, Cirillo J, Chandrupatla S, Jordan J, Castano M, Oyesanmi O. Use of TC-325 Hemostatic Powder as a Rescue Monotherapy for Management of Rectal Variceal Bleed. ACG Case Rep J 2024; 11:e01391. [PMID: 38903452 PMCID: PMC11188910 DOI: 10.14309/crj.0000000000001391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The use of the endoscopic hemostatic powder TC-325 as a rescue monotherapy or as an adjunct agent in achieving hemostasis has been studied in upper gastrointestinal variceal bleeds and nonvariceal lower gastrointestinal bleeds with promising results. In this report, we describe a case of a successful use of TC-325 as rescue monotherapy to manage rectal variceal bleeding in a patient with alcohol-related cirrhosis with no report of bleeding recurrence and no side effects within the first 7 days, 30 days, or 6 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amel Tabet Aoul
- Department of Internal Medicine, HCA Healthcare Florida Citrus Hospital Florida, Inverness, FL
| | - Vamsee Mupparuju
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, HCA Healthcare Florida Citrus Hospital Florida, Inverness, FL
| | - Jonathan Cirillo
- Department of Internal Medicine, HCA Healthcare Florida Citrus Hospital Florida, Inverness, FL
| | - Sreekanth Chandrupatla
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, HCA Healthcare Florida Citrus Hospital Florida, Inverness, FL
| | - Jeffrey Jordan
- Department of Internal Medicine, HCA Healthcare Florida Citrus Hospital Florida, Inverness, FL
| | - Maria Castano
- Department of Internal Medicine, HCA Healthcare Florida Citrus Hospital Florida, Inverness, FL
| | - Olugbenga Oyesanmi
- Department of Internal Medicine, HCA Healthcare Florida Citrus Hospital Florida, Inverness, FL
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3
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Shah MP, Saleem S, Attar B, Cui C, Mutneja H. Hemospray Versus Conventional Therapy for Non-variceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cureus 2024; 16:e55079. [PMID: 38550446 PMCID: PMC10978054 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.55079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Hemospray (TC-325; Cook Medical, Winston-Salem, NC) has been used effectively in hemostasis in non-variceal upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. Current guidelines suggest using Hemospray as a temporizing measure or adjunct technique. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Hemospray as a modality for primary hemostasis. We searched MEDLINE, CENTRAL, and CINAHL (Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature) databases from inception to August 1, 2022. Three independent reviewers performed a comprehensive review of all original articles describing the application of Hemospray as the primary method of hemostasis in non-variceal upper GI bleeding patients. Three reviewers independently reviewed and abstracted data and assessed study quality using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Primary outcomes were (1) primary hemostasis rate, (2) rebleeding rate until hospital discharge or death, (3) need for surgery, and (4) overall mortality rate. Of the 211 studies identified, 146 underwent title and abstract review, and four were included in the systematic review. Pooled results from 303 patients showed that compared to standard of care, Hemospray has significantly higher odds of primary hemostasis (OR: 3.48, 95% CI: 1.09-11.18, p = 0.04). There was no statistically significant difference in terms of rebleeding rates (OR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.24-2.55, p = 0.69), need for surgery (OR: 1.62, 95% CI: 0.35-7.41, p = 0.54), or overall mortality (OR: 1.08, 95% CI: 0.56-2.08, p = 0.83). This systematic review and meta-analysis prove that Hemospray is a better modality of primary hemostasis in non-variceal upper GI bleeding when used as a primary method. At the same time, there is no significant difference in complications, including rebleeding, need for surgical intervention, and all-cause mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihir P Shah
- Internal Medicine, John H. Stroger, Jr. Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, USA
| | - Sania Saleem
- Internal Medicine, John H. Stroger, Jr. Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, USA
| | - Bashar Attar
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, USA
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, John H. Stroger, Jr. Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, USA
| | - Can Cui
- Internal Medicine, John H. Stroger, Jr. Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, USA
| | - Hemant Mutneja
- Gastroenterology, John H. Stroger, Jr. Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, USA
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4
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Ryou SH, Bang KB. Endoscopic management of postoperative bleeding. Clin Endosc 2023; 56:706-715. [PMID: 37915192 PMCID: PMC10665615 DOI: 10.5946/ce.2023.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Postoperative gastrointestinal bleeding is a rare but serious complication that can lead to prolonged hospitalization and significant morbidity and mortality. It can be managed by reoperation, endoscopy, or radiological intervention. Although reoperation carries risks, particularly in critically ill postoperative patients, minimally invasive interventions, such as endoscopy or radiological intervention, confer advantages. Endoscopy allows localization of the bleeding focus and hemostatic management at the same time. Although there have been concerns regarding the potential risk of creating an anastomotic disruption or perforation during early postoperative endoscopy, endoscopic management has become more popular over time. However, there is currently no consensus on the best endoscopic management for postoperative gastrointestinal bleeding because most practices are based on retrospective case series. Furthermore, there is a wide range of individual complexities in anatomical and clinical settings after surgery. This review focused on the safety and effectiveness of endoscopic management in various surgical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Hyeok Ryou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Ki Bae Bang
- Department of Internal Medicine, H+ Yangji Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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5
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Ali-Mohamad N, Cau MF, Zenova V, Baylis JR, Beckett A, McFadden A, Donnellan F, Kastrup CJ. Self-propelling thrombin powder enables hemostasis with no observable recurrent bleeding or thrombosis over 3 days in a porcine model of upper GI bleeding. Gastrointest Endosc 2023; 98:245-248. [PMID: 37061138 DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2023.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Hemostatic powders used to manage upper GI bleeding continue to exhibit high recurrent bleeding rates. Previously, self-propelling thrombin powder (SPTP) sprayed endoscopically managed severe Forrest class 1A bleeding. Here, we evaluate SPTP in a 3-day recovery model of diffuse ulcerated bleeding. METHODS Five anesthetized pigs underwent an endoscopic mucosal snare resection to trigger diffuse ulcer bleeding and were treated with SPTP. The time to hemostasis and the amount of powder delivered were measured. Pigs were recovered and monitored. RESULTS Five pigs achieved hemostasis in 4.5 ± 1.2 minutes At 3 days after the procedure, the pigs were rescoped and showed no recurrent bleeding. Measured blood parameters were not significantly different from baseline. There were no signs of foreign bodies or thromboembolism during gross necropsy and histopathology of key organs. CONCLUSIONS SPTP is a promising novel material that stopped diffuse ulcer bleeding in 5 pigs without recurrent bleeding or adverse local or systemic events.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Massimo F Cau
- Michael Smith Laboratories; School of Biomedical Engineering
| | | | - James R Baylis
- CoMotion Drug Delivery Systems Inc, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Andrew Beckett
- Royal Canadian Medical Service, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Department of Surgery, St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | - Christian J Kastrup
- Michael Smith Laboratories; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA; Departments of Surgery, Biochemistry, Biomedical Engineering, and Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
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6
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Deliwala SS, Chandan S, Mohan BP, Khan S, Reddy N, Ramai D, Bapaye JA, Dahiya DS, Kassab LL, Facciorusso A, Chawla S, Adler D. Hemostatic spray (TC-325) vs. standard endoscopic therapy for non-variceal gastrointestinal bleeding: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Endosc Int Open 2023; 11:E288-E295. [PMID: 36968978 PMCID: PMC10038751 DOI: 10.1055/a-2032-4199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and study aims
Hemospray (TC-325) is a mineral powder with adsorptive properties designed for use in various gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) scenarios. We conducted a systematic review & meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing TC-325 to standard endoscopic therapy (SET) for non-variceal GIB (NVGIB).
Methods
Multiple databases were searched through October 2022. Meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model to determine pooled relative risk (RR) and proportions with 95 % confidence intervals (CI) for primary hemostasis, hemostasis failure, 30-day rebleeding, length of stay (LOS), and need for rescue interventions. Heterogeneity was assessed using I
2
%.
Results
Five RCTs with 362 patients (TC-325 178, SET 184) – 123 females and 239 males with a mean age 65 ± 16 years). The most common etiologies were peptic ulcer disease (48 %), malignancies (35 %), and others (17 %). Bleeding was characterized as Forrest IA (7 %), IB (73 %), IIA (3 %), and IIB (1 %). SET included epinephrine injection, electrocautery, hemoclips, or a combination. No statistical difference in primary hemostasis between TC-325 compared to SET, RR 1.09 (CI 0.95–1.25; I
2
43),
P =
0.2, including patients with oozing/spurting hemorrhage, RR 1.13 (CI 0.98–1.3; I
2
35),
P =
0.08. Failure to achieve hemostasis was higher in SET compared to TC-325, RR 0.30 (CI 0.12–0.77, I
2
0),
P =
0.01, including patients with oozing/spurting hemorrhage, RR 0.24 (CI 0.09 – 0.63, I
2
0),
P =
0.004. We found no difference between the two interventions in terms of rebleeding, RR 1.13 (CI 0.62–2.07, I
2
26),
P =
0.8 and LOS, standardized mean difference (SMD) 0.27 (CI, –0.20–0.74; I
2
62),
P =
0.3. Finally, pooled rate of rescue interventions (angiography) was statistically higher in SET compared to TC-325, RR 0.68 (CI 0.5–0.94; I
2
0),
P =
0.02.
Conclusions
Our analysis shows that for acute NV GIB, including oozing/spurting hemorrhage, TC-325 does not result in higher rates of primary hemostasis compared to SET. However, lower rates of failures were seen with TC-325 than SET. In addition, there was no difference in the two modalities when comparing rates of rebleeding and LOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smit S. Deliwala
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Saurabh Chandan
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, United States
| | - Babu P. Mohan
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University of Utah Health School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
| | - Shahab Khan
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Nitin Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, PSG Institute of Medical Science, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Daryl Ramai
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University of Utah Health School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
| | - Jay A. Bapaye
- Department of Medicine, Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, New York, United States
| | - Dushyant Singh Dahiya
- Department of Internal Medicine, Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Saginaw, Michigan, United States
| | | | | | - Saurabh Chawla
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Douglas Adler
- Center for Advanced Therapeutic Endoscopy, Centura Health, Denver, Colorado, United States
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7
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Meier B, Caca K. [Gastrointestinal bleeding]. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 2023; 148:116-127. [PMID: 36690008 DOI: 10.1055/a-1813-3801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
GASTROINTESTINAL BLEEDING Gastrointestinal bleeding occurs frequently in clinical practice. The presence of gastrointestinal bleeding usually is suspected by typical clinical history and results of clinical examination and laboratory findings. Endoscopic treatment of gastrointestinal bleeding is associated with high success rates over 90%. Different techniques for endoscopic hemostasis are available and for most indications, a combination of two modalities is recommended. Endoscopic management of recurrent or persistent bleeding is technically more challenging and associated with increased mortality (up to 10%, especially in patients with high age and comorbidities). In this situation, endoscopic hemostasis using an over-the-scope clip has shown to be superior to standard treatment for recurrent peptic ulcer bleeding in the upper gastrointestinal tract. Recent studies also have shown superiority for first-line over-the-scope clip treatment of non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding in high-risk patients. In this review, management of gastrointestinal bleeding is summarized based on current guidelines and current literature.
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8
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Barkun AN, Alali A. The Role of Hemostatic Powder in Endoscopic Hemostasis of Nonvariceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding. Ann Intern Med 2022; 175:289-290. [PMID: 34871058 DOI: 10.7326/m21-4267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alan N Barkun
- Division of Gastroenterology, McGill University and McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ali Alali
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
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9
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Abstract
Acute gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) is a common clinical entity. Expert management of acute GIB requires collaborative care between internists and other specialists. This article reviews the presentation, treatment, and prevention of acute GIB using recommendations from recent guidelines and expert panel reviews. The article acknowledges the pivotal role played by primary care providers in the inpatient and outpatient management of acute GIB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey L Tokar
- Gastroenterology Section, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple Health, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jennifer T Higa
- Gastroenterology Section, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple Health, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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