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Sabat AJ, Pantano D, Akkerboom V, Bathoorn E, Friedrich AW. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus virulence factors as biomarkers of infection. Biol Chem 2021; 402:1565-1573. [PMID: 34505460 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2021-0243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The gold standard for the diagnosis of bacterial infections in clinical samples is based on culture tests that are time-consuming and labor-intense. For these reasons, an extraordinary effort has been made to identify biomarkers as the tools for sensitive, rapid and accurate identification of pathogenic microorganisms. Moreover, biomarkers have been tested to distinguish colonization from infection, monitor disease progression, determine the clinical status of patients or predict clinical outcomes. This mini-review describes Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus biomarkers, which contribute to pathogenesis and have been used in culture-independent bacterial identification directly from patient samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur J Sabat
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, NL-9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Daniele Pantano
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, NL-9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Viktoria Akkerboom
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, NL-9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Erik Bathoorn
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, NL-9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander W Friedrich
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, NL-9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa Volatilome Characteristics and Adaptations in Chronic Cystic Fibrosis Lung Infections. mSphere 2020; 5:5/5/e00843-20. [PMID: 33028687 PMCID: PMC7568651 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00843-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a leading cause of chronic lung infections in cystic fibrosis (CF), which are correlated with lung function decline. Significant clinical efforts are therefore aimed at detecting infections and tracking them for phenotypic changes, such as mucoidy and antibiotic resistance. Both the detection and tracking of lung infections rely on sputum cultures, but due to improvements in CF therapies, sputum production is declining, although risks for lung infections persist. Therefore, we are working toward the development of breath-based diagnostics for CF lung infections. In this study, we characterized of the volatile metabolomes of 81 P. aeruginosa clinical isolates collected from 17 CF patients over a duration of at least 5 years of a chronic lung infection. We found that the volatilome of P. aeruginosa adapts over time and is correlated with infection phenotype changes, suggesting that it may be possible to track chronic CF lung infections with a breath test. Pseudomonas aeruginosa chronic lung infections in individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) significantly reduce quality of life and increase morbidity and mortality. Tracking these infections is critical for monitoring patient health and informing treatments. We are working toward the development of novel breath-based biomarkers to track chronic P. aeruginosa lung infections in situ. Using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC–TOF-MS), we characterized the in vitro volatile metabolomes (“volatilomes”) of 81 P. aeruginosa isolates collected from 17 CF patients over at least a 5-year period of their chronic lung infections. We detected 539 volatiles produced by the P. aeruginosa isolates, 69 of which were core volatiles that were highly conserved. We found that each early infection isolate has a unique volatilome, and as infection progresses, the volatilomes of isolates from the same patient become increasingly dissimilar, to the point that these intrapatient isolates are no more similar to one another than to isolates from other patients. We observed that the size and chemical diversity of P. aeruginosa volatilomes do not change over the course of chronic infections; however, the relative abundances of core hydrocarbons, alcohols, and aldehydes do change and are correlated with changes in phenotypes associated with chronic infections. This study indicates that it may be feasible to track P. aeruginosa chronic lung infections by measuring changes to the infection volatilome and lays the groundwork for exploring the translatability of this approach to direct measurement using patient breath. IMPORTANCEPseudomonas aeruginosa is a leading cause of chronic lung infections in cystic fibrosis (CF), which are correlated with lung function decline. Significant clinical efforts are therefore aimed at detecting infections and tracking them for phenotypic changes, such as mucoidy and antibiotic resistance. Both the detection and tracking of lung infections rely on sputum cultures, but due to improvements in CF therapies, sputum production is declining, although risks for lung infections persist. Therefore, we are working toward the development of breath-based diagnostics for CF lung infections. In this study, we characterized of the volatile metabolomes of 81 P. aeruginosa clinical isolates collected from 17 CF patients over a duration of at least 5 years of a chronic lung infection. We found that the volatilome of P. aeruginosa adapts over time and is correlated with infection phenotype changes, suggesting that it may be possible to track chronic CF lung infections with a breath test.
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Lucas JS, Alanin MC, Collins S, Harris A, Johansen HK, Nielsen KG, Papon JF, Robinson P, Walker WT. Clinical care of children with primary ciliary dyskinesia. Expert Rev Respir Med 2017; 11:779-790. [DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2017.1360770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jane S. Lucas
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Mikkel Christian Alanin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Samuel Collins
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Amanda Harris
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Helle Krogh Johansen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Afsnit 9301, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kim G Nielsen
- Danish PCD & chILD Centre, CF Centre Copenhagen Paediatric Pulmonary Service, ERN Accredited for PCD and CF Health Care, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jean Francois Papon
- APHP, Bicetre University Hospital, ENT Department, Universite Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France
| | - Phil Robinson
- PCD Service, Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Woolf T. Walker
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
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Saiman L, Siegel JD, LiPuma JJ, Brown RF, Bryson EA, Chambers MJ, Downer VS, Fliege J, Hazle LA, Jain M, Marshall BC, O’Malley C, Pattee SR, Potter-Bynoe G, Reid S, Robinson KA, Sabadosa KA, Schmidt HJ, Tullis E, Webber J, Weber DJ. Infection Prevention and Control Guideline for Cystic Fibrosis: 2013 Update. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2016; 35 Suppl 1:S1-S67. [DOI: 10.1086/676882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 270] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The 2013 Infection Prevention and Control (IP&C) Guideline for Cystic Fibrosis (CF) was commissioned by the CF Foundation as an update of the 2003 Infection Control Guideline for CF. During the past decade, new knowledge and new challenges provided the following rationale to develop updated IP&C strategies for this unique population:1.The need to integrate relevant recommendations from evidence-based guidelines published since 2003 into IP&C practices for CF. These included guidelines from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)/Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC), the World Health Organization (WHO), and key professional societies, including the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA). During the past decade, new evidence has led to a renewed emphasis on source containment of potential pathogens and the role played by the contaminated healthcare environment in the transmission of infectious agents. Furthermore, an increased understanding of the importance of the application of implementation science, monitoring adherence, and feedback principles has been shown to increase the effectiveness of IP&C guideline recommendations.2.Experience with emerging pathogens in the non-CF population has expanded our understanding of droplet transmission of respiratory pathogens and can inform IP&C strategies for CF. These pathogens include severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and the 2009 influenza A H1N1. Lessons learned about preventing transmission of methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) and multidrug-resistant gram-negative pathogens in non-CF patient populations also can inform IP&C strategies for CF.
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Haq IJ, Gardner A, Brodlie M. A multifunctional bispecific antibody against Pseudomonas aeruginosa as a potential therapeutic strategy. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2016; 4:12. [PMID: 26855948 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2305-5839.2015.10.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Iram J Haq
- 1 Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK ; 2 Department of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Great North Children's Hospital, The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Aaron Gardner
- 1 Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK ; 2 Department of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Great North Children's Hospital, The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Malcolm Brodlie
- 1 Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK ; 2 Department of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Great North Children's Hospital, The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Silva Filho LVRFD, Ferreira FDA, Reis FJC, Britto MCAD, Levy CE, Clark O, Ribeiro JD. Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in patients with cystic fibrosis: scientific evidence regarding clinical impact, diagnosis, and treatment. J Bras Pneumol 2014; 39:495-512. [PMID: 24068273 PMCID: PMC4075866 DOI: 10.1590/s1806-37132013000400015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2013] [Accepted: 04/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence-based techniques have been increasingly used in the creation of clinical guidelines and the development of recommendations for medical practice. The use of levels of evidence allows the reader to identify the quality of scientific information that supports the recommendations made by experts. The objective of this review was to address current concepts related to the clinical impact, diagnosis, and treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in patients with cystic fibrosis. For the preparation of this review, the authors defined a group of questions that would be answered in accordance with the principles of PICO-an acronym based on questions regarding the Patients of interest, Intervention being studied, Comparison of the intervention, and Outcome of interest. For each question, a structured review of the literature was performed using the Medline database in order to identify the studies with the methodological design most appropriate to answering the question. The questions were designed so that each of the authors could write a response. A first draft was prepared and discussed by the group. Recommendations were then made on the basis of the level of scientific evidence, in accordance with the classification system devised by the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine, as well as the level of agreement among the members of the group.
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Anstead M, Saiman L, Mayer-Hamblett N, Lands LC, Kloster M, Goss CH, Rose L, Burns JL, Marshall B, Ratjen F. Pulmonary exacerbations in CF patients with early lung disease. J Cyst Fibros 2013; 13:74-9. [PMID: 24029220 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2013.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2013] [Revised: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current definitions of pulmonary exacerbation (PE) in cystic fibrosis are based on studies in participants with significant lung disease and may not reflect the spectrum of findings observed in younger patients with early lung disease. METHODS We used data from a recent trial assessing the efficacy of azithromycin in children to study signs and symptoms associated with PEs and related changes in lung function and weight. RESULTS While increased cough was present in all PEs, acute weight loss and reduction in oxygen saturation were not observed. Changes in lung function did not differ between subjects who did experience a PE and those who were exacerbation-free. CONCLUSIONS Cough was the predominant symptom in CF patients with early lung disease experiencing a PE. There was no significant difference in mean 6-month change in lung function or weight among subjects with one or more exacerbations and those without an exacerbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Anstead
- Kentucky Children's Hospital, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY United States.
| | - Lisa Saiman
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Larry C Lands
- Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Christopher H Goss
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Lynn Rose
- Cystic Fibrosis Therapeutics Network Coordinating Center, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Jane L Burns
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, United States
| | | | - Felix Ratjen
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Program in Physiology and Experimental Medicine, SickKids Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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