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Vazquez-Del Mercado M, Martínez-García EA. Editorial: Molecular markers in rheumatic diseases and their comorbidities. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1266563. [PMID: 37771984 PMCID: PMC10523385 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1266563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Monica Vazquez-Del Mercado
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Investigación en Reumatología y del Sistema Músculo Esquelético, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
- Hospital Civil de Guadalajara “Dr. Juan I. Menchaca”, Especialidad de Reumatología, Sistema Nacional de Posgrados (SNP) 004086, Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencias y Tecnologías (CONAHCYT), Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
- Universidad de Guadalajara-Cuerpo Académico (UDG-CA)-703, Inmunología y Reumatología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Erika Aurora Martínez-García
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Investigación en Reumatología y del Sistema Músculo Esquelético, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
- Universidad de Guadalajara-Cuerpo Académico (UDG-CA)-703, Inmunología y Reumatología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
- Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
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Pan X, Chen S, Shen R, Liu S, You Y. HOXA11-OS participates in lupus nephritis by targeting miR-124-3p mediating Cyr61 to regulate podocyte autophagy. Mol Med 2022; 28:138. [PMID: 36418932 PMCID: PMC9682779 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00570-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The long chain non-coding RNA HOXA11-OS was recently identified. Increasing studies have shown that HOXA11-OS has regulatory effects on genes in gastric cancer, prostate cancer, and various kidney diseases, but research on its role in systemic lupus erythematosus is still lacking. The present study aimed to investigate the role of HOXA11-OS in the regulation of podocyte autophagy in the development of lupus nephritis (LN) and its potential molecular mechanism. METHODS mRNA and protein expression of the target gene (i.e., Cyr61) was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and immunofluorescence. Mouse podocytes were induced using serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) from patients with lupus and their viability was detected using the cell counting kit-8 assay. The interaction of miR-124-3p with HOXA11-OS and Cyr61 was analyzed by double luciferase reporter gene assay. Serum autoantibody levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Pathological lesions in the kidney tissue were detected by hematoxylin-eosin and periodate-Schiff staining. The independent samples t-test was used for comparing two groups, and one-way analysis of variance for comparing multiple groups. RESULTS HOXA11-OS was highly expressed in LN tissues, serum, and cells, and the expression of some key autophagy factors and Cyr61 was significantly increased, while miR-124-3p expression was significantly decreased. In vitro, LN-IgG inhibited podocyte activity, increased autophagy and Cyr61 expression, and aggravated podocyte injury in a time- and dose-dependent manner. As a competitive endogenous RNA of miR-124-3p, HOXA11-OS promoted the expression of Cyr61, thus enhancing the autophagy increase induced by LN-IgG and aggravating podocyte injury. Knockdown of HOXA11-OS had the opposite effect. miR-124-3p mimic or Cyr61 knockdown restored the high expression of autophagy factors and Cyr61 induced by HOXA11-OS overexpression and alleviated podocyte injury. Further in vivo experiments showed that injection of sh-HOXA11-OS adeno-associated virus downregulated HOXA11-OS and significantly alleviated renal damage in lupus mice. CONCLUSIONS HOXA11-OS is involved in the occurrence and development of LN by regulating podocyte autophagy through miR-124-3p/Cyr61 sponging, which may provide a good potential therapeutic target for LN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuhong Pan
- grid.460081.bDepartment of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, No.18 Zhongshan Road II, Baise, 533000 Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region China
| | - Shanshan Chen
- grid.460081.bDepartment of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, No.18 Zhongshan Road II, Baise, 533000 Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region China
| | - Ruiwen Shen
- grid.460081.bDepartment of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, No.18 Zhongshan Road II, Baise, 533000 Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region China
| | - Sen Liu
- grid.460081.bDepartment of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, No.18 Zhongshan Road II, Baise, 533000 Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region China
| | - Yanwu You
- grid.410652.40000 0004 6003 7358Department of Nephrology, People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, No. 6 Taoyuan Road, Qingxiu District, Nanning, 530000 China
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Cerri P, Shahida B, Lantz M, Planck T. Serum CYR61 Levels are Associated with Graves' Ophthalmopathy and Smoking in Patients with Graves' Disease. Horm Metab Res 2022; 54:168-174. [PMID: 35276742 DOI: 10.1055/a-1743-2988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Smoking is a well-known risk factor for Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO) in patients suffering from Graves' disease (GD). Cysteine-rich angiogenic inducer 61 (CYR61), which has multiple physiological functions, has been shown to be associated with GD and GO. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between smoking and CYR61 concentrations in GD patients with and without GO. Serum CYR61 was measured by ELISA. The association between CYR61 concentration and GO was assessed with binary logistic regression in all patients and in subgroups of smokers and nonsmokers. The Spearman correlation coefficient was used to determine the correlations between CYR61 concentration and clinical parameters. CYR61 levels were significantly higher in GD patients with GO than in patients without GO, in smokers than in nonsmokers and in individuals older than 50 years than in those younger than 50 years. The subgroup of "GO smokers" had the highest CYR61 levels [median (IQR), 119 pg/ml (129.8)], compared with "GO nonsmokers" [84.2 pg/ml (90.8), p=0.04], "no GO smokers" [88.9 pg/ml (109.8), p=0.01] and "no GO nonsmokers" [79.4 pg/ml (129.89), p=0.003]. For each unit increase in CYR61 concentration, the odds of having GO in smokers significantly and independently increased by 1% (OR=1.010; 95% CI: 1.002-1.018, p=0.012). In conclusion, our results indicate that smoking and age increase serum CYR61 levels in patients with GD and GO. The role of CYR61 as a predictor of GO in patients with GD should be evaluated in prospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perparim Cerri
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Bushra Shahida
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Mikael Lantz
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Tereza Planck
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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Tan G, Baby B, Zhou Y, Wu T. Emerging Molecular Markers Towards Potential Diagnostic Panels for Lupus. Front Immunol 2022; 12:808839. [PMID: 35095896 PMCID: PMC8792845 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.808839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multifactorial autoimmune disease which can affect various tissues and organs, posing significant challenges for clinical diagnosis and treatment. The etiology of SLE is highly complex with contributions from environmental factors, stochastic factors as well as genetic susceptibility. The current criteria for diagnosing SLE is based primarily on a combination of clinical presentations and traditional lab testing. However, these tests have suboptimal sensitivity and specificity. They are unable to indicate disease cause or guide physicians in decision-making for treatment. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a more accurate and robust tool for effective clinical management and drug development in lupus patients. It is fortunate that the emerging Omics have empowered scientists in the discovery and identification of potential novel biomarkers of SLE, especially the markers from blood, urine, cerebrospinal fluids (CSF), and other bodily fluids. However, many of these markers have not been carefully validated for clinical use. In addition, it is apparent that individual biomarkers lack sensitivity or specificity. This review summarizes the sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic value of emerging biomarkers from recent studies, and discusses the potential of these markers in the development of biomarker panel based diagnostics or disease monitoring system in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gongjun Tan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhuhai Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital, Zhuhai, China
| | - Binila Baby
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Yuqiu Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhuhai Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital, Zhuhai, China
| | - Tianfu Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
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Cyr61 Alleviates Cholangitis by Inhibiting Cytotoxic Effects of CD8 + T Cells on Biliary Epithelial Cells. Curr Med Sci 2021; 41:1205-1213. [PMID: 34787784 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-021-2458-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a chronic progressive cholestatic liver disease. In recent years, researchers have found that cysteine-rich angiogenic inducer 61 (Cyr61, also known as CCN1) has a potential role in reducing portal inflammation in patients with PBC. This study aimed to explore the relationship between Cyr61 and PBC to provide new ideas and an experimental basis for the clinical treatment of PBC. METHODS After induction of the overexpression of Cyr61 in a mouse model of PBC using recombinant adenovirus, hematoxylin and eosin staining and pathological scores were used to indicate intrahepatic inflammation and bile duct damage. Real-time PCR was used to detect changes in inflammation-related cytokines in the liver. To further study the mechanism, we assessed whether Cyr61 protects bile duct epithelial cells from cytotoxic effects. RESULTS Serum and hepatic Cyr61 levels were increased in the murine model of PBC. Overexpression of Cyr61 alleviated hepatic inflammation and bile duct injury in vivo. Cyr61 inhibited the cytotoxic effects of CD8+ T cells by acting on biliary epithelial cells (BECs) in vitro. CONCLUSION Our results provide novel insight into the pathogenesis of PBC and suggest that Cyr61 plays a dominant role in the cytotoxic effects on BECs in PBC. Consequently, therapeutic strategies targeting Cyr61 could be a potent therapy for PBC.
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Bartkowiak K, Heidrich I, Kwiatkowski M, Banys-Paluchowski M, Andreas A, Wurlitzer M, Geffken M, Voß H, Zeller T, Blankenberg S, Peine S, Joosse SA, Müller V, Schlüter H, Oliveira-Ferrer L, Pantel K. Circulating Cellular Communication Network Factor 1 Protein as a Sensitive Liquid Biopsy Marker for Early Detection of Breast Cancer. Clin Chem 2021; 68:344-353. [PMID: 34458901 DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/hvab153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite recent progress in liquid biopsy technologies, early blood-based detection of breast cancer is still a challenge. METHODS We analyzed secretion of the protein cellular communication network factor 1 (CCN1, formerly cysteine-rich angiogenic inducer 61) in breast cancer cell lines by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Soluble CCN1 in the plasma (2.5 µL) of 544 patients with breast cancer and 427 healthy controls was analyzed by ELISA. The breast cancer samples were acquired at the time of primary diagnosis prior to neoadjuvant therapy or surgery. A classifier was established on a training cohort of patients with breast cancer and age-adapted healthy controls and further validated on an independent cohort comprising breast cancer patients and healthy controls. Samples from patients with benign breast diseases were investigated as additional controls. Samples from patients with acute heart diseases (n = 127) were investigated as noncancer controls. The diagnostic accuracy was determined by receiver operating characteristic using the parameters area under the curve, sensitivity, and specificity. RESULTS CCN1 was frequently secreted by breast cancer cell lines into the extracellular space. Subsequent analysis of clinical blood samples from patients with breast cancer and age-adjusted healthy controls revealed an overall specificity of 99.0% and sensitivity of 80.0% for cancer detection. Remarkably, 81.5% of small T1 cancers were already CCN1-positive, while CCN1 concentrations in patients with benign breast lesions were below the threshold for breast cancer detection. CONCLUSIONS Circulating CCN1 is a potentially novel blood biomarker for the detection of breast cancer at the earliest invasive stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Bartkowiak
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Isabel Heidrich
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marcel Kwiatkowski
- Department of Functional Proteo-Metabolomics, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Maggie Banys-Paluchowski
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany.,Department Working Group Gynecological Oncology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Antje Andreas
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Wurlitzer
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maria Geffken
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hannah Voß
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tanja Zeller
- Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg -Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,German Center of Cardiovascular Disease (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg, Lübeck, Kiel, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Blankenberg
- Mildred Scheel Cancer Career Center HaTriCS4, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sven Peine
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Simon A Joosse
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Mildred Scheel Cancer Career Center HaTriCS4, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Volkmar Müller
- Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hartmut Schlüter
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Klaus Pantel
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Chen H, Liu Y, Cao C, Xi H, Chen W, Zheng W, Dong X, Zheng S, Li L, Ma J, Gao Y, Shou J. CYR61 as a potential biomarker for the preoperative identification of muscle-invasive bladder cancers. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:761. [PMID: 34268374 PMCID: PMC8246191 DOI: 10.21037/atm-19-4511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background The biological behaviors, clinical treatment, prognosis of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancers (NMIBCs) and muscle-invasive bladder cancers (MIBCs) are distinct. Accurate staging is pivotal in optimal therapy planning for bladder cancers (BCs). However, it is insufficient for urologists in preoperative determining whether the tumor has invaded within the muscularis propria through cystoscope and imaging methods (CT or MRI). Therefore, searching for ideal biomarkers from the tumor tissues and urine is important for identifying the MIBCs preoperatively. Methods Differentially expressed genes between NMIBCs and MIBCs were identified by microarray analysis and validated by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemical analysis. The correlation between cysteine-rich angiogenic inducer 61 (CYR61) expression and Kaplan-Meier test evaluated patients’ overall survival (OS). CYR61 protein levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in preoperatively collected urine samples from BC patients. The receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyzed the diagnostic accuracy of uric CYR61. The siRNA mediated silencing of CYR61 in bladder carcinoma cells was performed using Lipofectamine 2000. Cell migration and invasion were assessed using wound healing and transwell assay, respectively. Results Differential gene expression analysis using microarray between 14 MIBCs and 16 NMIBCs human tumor samples revealed a significant increase (P<0.001) in the expression of CYR61 in MIBCs compared with NMIBCs. Higher expression of CYR61 in MIBCs was found in additional 54 tumor samples using qRT-PCR. Therefore, the overexpression of CYR61 in MIBCs could be used as a potential biomarker to distinguish between MIBCs and NMIBCs. ELISA detected elevated levels of CYR61 in the urine samples of MIBC patients (average 2.5-fold) compared with NMIBCs, with 72.7% sensitivity and 86.0% specificity to distinguish MIBCs from NMIBCs. Wound healing and transwell assays using CYR61-silenced carcinoma cells indicated the role of CYR61 in cell migration and invasion. Conclusions CYR61 expression is higher in MIBCs compared with NMIBCs and can serve as a promising biomarker for the preoperative diagnosis of MIBCs with prognostic value; however, multicentric prospective validation is essential for the further evaluation of CYR61.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chuanzhen Cao
- Department of Urology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wenting Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Department of Urology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shan Zheng
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jianhui Ma
- Department of Urology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yanning Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jianzhong Shou
- Department of Urology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Yoon T, Ahn SS, Pyo JY, Lee LE, Song JJ, Park YB, Lee SW. Correlation between serum cysteine-rich protein 61 and disease activity of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis. Clin Rheumatol 2021; 40:3703-3710. [PMID: 33755835 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-021-05701-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cysteine-rich protein 61 (CYR61) stimulates protein kinase B (Akt)-mediated nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signalling leading to an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines, which play important roles in the pathogenesis of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV). Hence, we investigated whether serum CYR61 was correlated with disease activity of AAV in a single-centre prospective cohort. METHODS Seventy-two patients with AAV were randomly selected and included. Serum CYR61, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 levels were quantified with the patients' stored sera, and clinical and laboratory data at the time of blood sampling were collected. Spearman's correlation and linear regression analysis was conducted to analyse the correlation between continuous variables. The optimal cut-off of serum CYR61 for predicting high disease activity was identified using the receiver operator characteristic curve. Birmingham vasculitis activity score (BVAS) was used as a measure to assess disease activity, and high disease activity was defined as BVAS ≥ 12. RESULTS Serum CYR61 significantly correlated with BVAS (r = 0.249), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (r = 0.283), C-reactive protein (r = 0.298) and serum IL-6 (r = 0.319). However, a linear association was not found between CYR61 and BVAS (β = 0.102, P = 0.304). The relative risk (RR) for high disease activity in AAV patients with serum CYR61 ≥ 236.2 pg/mL was higher than those with serum CYR61 < 236.2 pg/mL (RR 3.316, P = 0.018). CONCLUSION Even though serum CYR61 was not directly proportional to the increase of BVAS, it could be predictive of high disease activity in AAV. Key Points • Serum CYR61 was significantly correlated with BVAS along with ESR, CRP and serum IL-6. • The cut-off of serum CYR61 for high disease activity of AAV was obtained as 236.2 pg/mL. • AAV patients with serum CYR61 ≥ 236.2 pg/mL had increased risk of having higher disease activity than those with serum CYR61 < 236.2 pg/mL (RR 3.316, P = 0.018).
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Affiliation(s)
- Taejun Yoon
- Department of Medical Science, BK21 Plus Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Soo Ahn
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Yoon Pyo
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Lucy Eunju Lee
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jason Jungsik Song
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Beom Park
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Won Lee
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Lee SM, Lee KH, Park SY, Kim DH, Chung JO, Ju JK, Lee JH, Kim HS. Expression of Cyr61 is associated with clinical course in patients with Crohn's disease. BMC Gastroenterol 2021; 21:129. [PMID: 33743589 PMCID: PMC7981874 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-021-01713-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds Cysteine-rich angiogenic inducer 61 (Cyr61) is emerging as an important regulator of tissue homeostasis and wound repair. We aim to explore the colonic mucosal expression of Cyr61 and analyze the association between Cyr61 expression and clinical course in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD). Methods Endoscopic samples were identified from 83 CD patients with and 372 controls by searching pathological reports. Among them, age- and sex- matched 43 of each group by a propensity score were selected to compare Cyr61 expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC). IHC scores for Cyr61 expression of CD patients were divided into tertiles to evaluate the association with clinical course. We also measured the level of mRNA for Cyr 61 and proinflammatory genes in inflamed and noninflamed colonic mucosal lesions from CD patients. Results The mean IHC scores for Cyr61 expression was higher in CD patients (86.5) than in controls (46.1, P < 0.001). In CD patients, the mean IHC scores for Cyr61 expression (68.3) was lower in patients with clinical recurrence than in patients without recurrence (92.2, P = 0.01). Cyr61 mRNA levels in inflamed mucosa were twofold higher than those in non-inflamed lesion (P > 0.05) and the mRNA levels of IL-6 and TLR-4 in inflamed mucosa were significantly higher than those in non-inflamed mucosa in CD patients (all P < 0.05). When CD patients were stratified into tertile groups according to IHC scores for Cyr61 expression, clinical recurrence rates tended to be lower in patients with high Cyr61 expression (P for trend = 0.02). Compared with tertile 1 of Cyr61 expression, tertile 3 of Cyr 61 expression was associated with reduced risk of clinical recurrence (OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.20–0.92) after adjustment for age, sex and CD activity index at the time of colonoscopy in CD patients (P = 0.03). Conclusions Cyr61 mucosal expression in CD patients was inversely associated with clinical course. Future study need to be considered to evaluate whether Cyr 61 may play a role in activating inflammatory responses and contributing to wound healing and tissue repair in patients with CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Mi Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, 42, Jaebongro, Dong-ku, Gwangju, 501-757, Korea
| | - Kyung-Hwa Lee
- Department of Pathology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Seon-Young Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, 42, Jaebongro, Dong-ku, Gwangju, 501-757, Korea.
| | - Dong Hyun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, 42, Jaebongro, Dong-ku, Gwangju, 501-757, Korea
| | - Jin Ook Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, 42, Jaebongro, Dong-ku, Gwangju, 501-757, Korea
| | - Jae Kyun Ju
- Department of General Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Jae-Hyuk Lee
- Department of Pathology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Hyun Soo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, 42, Jaebongro, Dong-ku, Gwangju, 501-757, Korea.
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FARID MF, ABDULLAH N, TAHIR M, HATTA M, RAUF S, BUDU N. Correlation between mRNA tissue expression and serum concentration of Cyr61 in adenomyosis. GAZZETTA MEDICA ITALIANA ARCHIVIO PER LE SCIENZE MEDICHE 2021; 180. [DOI: 10.23736/s0393-3660.19.04234-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
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Pathak AS, Rojas M, Stouffer GA. Expression of Cyr61 in ApoE -/- mice with chronic unilateral renal artery ligation. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3606. [PMID: 33574403 PMCID: PMC7878479 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81646-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyr61 is a member of the CCN family of proteins that is expressed in atherosclerotic lesions and regulated by angiotensin II. It is unknown whether renal artery stenosis (RAS) increases Cyr61 expression. Male ApoE−/− mice were randomized to surgically induced RAS, RAS + treatment with either irbesartan, aliskiren or amlodipine or sham-surgery. RAS resulted in increased plasma angiotensin II levels, a mild, sustained increase in systolic blood pressure and increased aortic lipid deposition compared to sham-surgery. Surgically induced RAS led to the formation of atheroma in the infrarenal aorta and there was consistent and intense staining for Cyr61 within the atheroma. Treatment with irbesartan, aliskiren and amlodipine were associated with decreased aortic lipid deposition and decreased staining for Cyr61 in aortic atheroma. Serum levels of Cyr61 were not increased in mice or humans with RAS. In summary, Cyr61 expression in aortic atheroma but not serum is increased by RAS in ApoE−/− mice and is reduced by agents that lower blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alokkumar S Pathak
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Mauricio Rojas
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - George A Stouffer
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. .,Division of Cardiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7075, USA.
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12
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Bartkowiak K, Casjens S, Andreas A, Ačkar L, Joosse SA, Raiko I, Brüning T, Geffken M, Peine S, Johnen G, Weber DG, Pantel K. Sensitive Blood-Based Detection of Asbestos-Associated Diseases Using Cysteine-Rich Angiogenic Inducer 61 as Circulating Protein Biomarker. Clin Chem 2020; 67:363-373. [PMID: 33336248 DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/hvaa232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Detection of asbestos-associated diseases like asbestosis or mesothelioma is still challenging. We sought to improve the diagnosis of benign asbestos-associated disease (BAAD) by detection of the protein cysteine-rich angiogenic inducer 61 (Cyr61) in human plasma. METHODS Plasma Cyr61 was quantified using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Plasma samples from males diagnosed with BAAD, but without a malignant disease (n = 101), and malignant mesothelioma (n = 21; 15 males, 6 females), as well as nonasbestos-exposed healthy control participants (n = 150; 58 males, 92 females) were analyzed. Clinical sensitivity and specificity of Cyr61 were determined by receiver operating characteristic analysis. RESULTS The median plasma Cyr61 concentration for healthy control participants was 0.27 ng/mL. Cytoplasmic Cyr61 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy control participants was evenly distributed, as detected by immunofluorescent staining. The increase in plasma Cyr61 concentrations in the BAAD study group was statistically significant compared to the healthy control participants (P < 0.0001). For the detection of BAAD vs male healthy control participants, clinical sensitivity was 88% and clinical specificity 95% with an area under the curve of 0.924 at maximal Youden Index. For a predefined clinical specificity of 100%, the clinical sensitivity was 76%. For male mesothelioma patients vs male healthy control participants, the clinical sensitivity at maximal Youden Index was 95% with a clinical specificity of 100% (area under the curve, 0.997) and for a predefined clinical specificity of 100%, the clinical sensitivity was 93%. CONCLUSIONS In our study, plasma Cyr61 protein concentrations showed to be a new biomarker for asbestos-associated diseases like BAAD and mesothelioma in men, which deserves further investigation in large-scale cohort studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Bartkowiak
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Swaantje Casjens
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Antje Andreas
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lucija Ačkar
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Simon A Joosse
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Irina Raiko
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Thomas Brüning
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Maria Geffken
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sven Peine
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Georg Johnen
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Daniel Gilbert Weber
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Klaus Pantel
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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13
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Feng D, Gerarduzzi C. Emerging Roles of Matricellular Proteins in Systemic Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4776. [PMID: 32640520 PMCID: PMC7369781 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis is a rare chronic heterogenous disease that involves inflammation and vasculopathy, and converges in end-stage development of multisystem tissue fibrosis. The loss of tight spatial distribution and temporal expression of proteins in the extracellular matrix (ECM) leads to progressive organ stiffening, which is a hallmark of fibrotic disease. A group of nonstructural matrix proteins, known as matricellular proteins (MCPs) are implicated in dysregulated processes that drive fibrosis such as ECM remodeling and various cellular behaviors. Accordingly, MCPs have been described in the context of fibrosis in sclerosis (SSc) as predictive disease biomarkers and regulators of ECM synthesis, with promising therapeutic potential. In this present review, an informative summary of major MCPs is presented highlighting their clear correlations to SSc- fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Feng
- Département de Pharmacologie et Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada;
- Centre de recherche de l’Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Faculté de Médecine, Centre affilié à l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Casimiro Gerarduzzi
- Département de Pharmacologie et Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada;
- Centre de recherche de l’Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Faculté de Médecine, Centre affilié à l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H1T 2M4, Canada
- Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
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14
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Shi J, Huo R, Li N, Li H, Zhai T, Li H, Shen B, Ye J, Fu R, Di W. CYR61, a potential biomarker of tumor inflammatory response in epithelial ovarian cancer microenvironment of tumor progress. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:1140. [PMID: 31766991 PMCID: PMC6878653 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-6321-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recent studies have found that inflammatory response is involved in the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer. Advanced ovarian cancer is often presented with ascites that is rich in cytokines, inflammatory factors or cancer cells. Therefore, it is important to study the microenvironment of ascites in order to further clarify the occurrence and progression of ovarian cancer. As a pro-inflammatory factor, the Cyr61 expression patterns are inconsistent in human tumors. Although it has been reported that Cyr61 is related to the progression of ovarian cancer, its specific mechanism is not yet clear. This study sought to evaluate the Cyr61 levels of ascites, serum and different tissues of ovarian cancer to explore the potential association of Cyr61with the tumor-associated inflammatory microenvironment of EOC. Methods Tumor specimens were procured from patients with ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma and ovarian serous cystadenoma. Cyr61 and IL-6 levels of serum or ascites were determined by ELISA (Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay), while Cyr61 expressions of different ovarian tumor tissues were evaluated by IHC (Immunohistochemistry). Then the correlation of Cyr61 level in ascites with clinicopathologic features was analyzed. And other laboratory data were obtained from medical records. Results Both in ascites and serum, significantly higher Cyr61 levels were found in ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma. In malignant ascites, higher Cyr61 level of ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma was more closely associated with FIGO stage, initial tumor size > 10 cm and the residual tumor size. And the increased IL-6 level was linearly related to Cyr61 level. Moreover, the serum levels of Cyr61, IL-6 and CRP in advanced stage of ovarian cancer were much higher than those in early stage. Lastly, the IHC data demonstrate that Cyr61 expression of ovarian serous adenocarcinoma was higher than that of ovarian serous cystadenoma, but it was lower than the paired metastatic lesions. Conclusions As a pro-inflammatory factor, increased ascites Cyr61 level is associated with FIGO stage, initial tumor size > 10 cm and the residual tumor size. Moreover, serum Cyr61 may be used as a potential marker for EOC inflammatory response. Finally, Cyr61 may be involved in the process of tumor metastasis and progression by producing IL-6 and CRP in the EOC inflammatory microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Shi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai, 200127, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongfen Huo
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Ningli Li
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Haichuan Li
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Tianhang Zhai
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Huidan Li
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Baihua Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Jing Ye
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai, 200127, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruojin Fu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai, 200127, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Di
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai, 200127, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Su Y, Wang Z, Ye J, Feng T, Wang F, Chi H, Zhou Z, Hu Q, Liu H, Cheng X, Shi H, Teng J, Yang C, Sun Y. Cysteine-Rich Angiogenic Inducer 61 Serves as a Potential Serum Biomarker for the Remission of Adult-Onset Still's Disease. Front Med (Lausanne) 2019; 6:266. [PMID: 31824953 PMCID: PMC6879423 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2019.00266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) is a rare, polygenic, systemic autoinflammatory disease. The aim of this study is to evaluate the serum levels of cysteine-rich angiogenic inducer 61 (Cyr61), a secreted, extracellular protein in AOSD patients. Methods: A total of 60 AOSD patients (39 of active phase and 21 of inactive phase), 16 rheumatoid arthritis patients as a disease control, and 34 sex- and age-matched healthy control subjects (HC) were enrolled in the study. The data of the clinical manifestations and laboratory examinations were collected. The serum levels of Cyr61, interleukin (IL)-17, and IL-37 were detected by ELISA assay, and the serum levels of IL-10, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were examined by electrochemiluminescence assay. Results: The serum levels of Cyr61 were significantly increased in inactive AOSD than those in active patients and HCs, and the levels of Cyr61 were dramatically increased after treatment. The levels of Cyr61 were inversely correlated with systemic score, the counts of leukocyte and neutrophil, and the levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17). Moreover, the levels of Cyr61 were higher in patients without the clinical symptoms of fever, skin rash, sore throat, arthralgia, and lymphadenopathy compared with those in patients with these symptoms. Conclusion: The serum levels of Cyr61 were inversely correlated with disease activity in AOSD patients; thus, we proposed that Cyr61 was a biomarker for the remission of AOSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Su
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhihong Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junna Ye
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tienan Feng
- Clinical Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huihui Chi
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuochao Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiongyi Hu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Honglei Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaobing Cheng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Shi
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jialin Teng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengde Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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16
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Quesnel K, Shi-Wen X, Hutchenreuther J, Xiao Y, Liu S, Peidl A, Naskar D, Siqueira WL, O'Gorman DB, Hinz B, Stratton RJ, Leask A. CCN1 expression by fibroblasts is required for bleomycin-induced skin fibrosis. Matrix Biol Plus 2019; 3:100009. [PMID: 33543008 PMCID: PMC7852207 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbplus.2019.100009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The microenvironment contributes to the excessive connective tissue deposition that characterizes fibrosis. Members of the CCN family of matricellular proteins are secreted by fibroblasts into the fibrotic microenvironment; however, the role of endogenous CCN1 in skin fibrosis is unknown. Mice harboring a fibroblast-specific deletion for CCN1 were used to assess if CCN1 contributes to dermal homeostasis, wound healing, and skin fibrosis. Mice with a fibroblast-specific CCN1 deletion showed progressive skin thinning and reduced accumulation of type I collagen; however, the overall mechanical property of skin (Young's modulus) was not significantly reduced. Real time-polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that CCN1-deficient skin displayed reduced expression of mRNAs encoding enzymes that promote collagen stability (including prolyl-4-hydroxylase and PLOD2), although expression of COL1A1 mRNA was unaltered. CCN1-deficent skin showed reduced hydroxyproline levels. Electron microscopy revealed that collagen fibers were disorganized in CCN1-deficient skin. CCN1-deficient mice were resistant to bleomycin-induced skin fibrosis, as visualized by reduced collagen accumulation and skin thickness suggesting that deposition/accumulation of collagen is impaired in the absence of CCN1. Conversely, CCN1-deficient mice showed unaltered wound closure kinetics, suggesting de novo collagen production in response to injury did not require CCN1. In response to either wounding or bleomycin, induction of α-smooth muscle actin-positive myofibroblasts was unaffected by loss of CCN1. CCN1 protein was overexpressed by dermal fibroblasts isolated from lesional (i.e., fibrotic) areas of patients with early onset diffuse scleroderma. Thus, CCN1 expression by fibroblasts, being essential for skin fibrosis, is a viable anti-fibrotic target. The role of endogenous CCN1 in skin biology is largely unknown Fibroblast-specific deletion CCN1 causes thinner skin and misaligned collagen CCN1-deficient mice were resistant to bleomycin-induced skin fibrosis Wound healing closure kinetics was unaffected by loss of CCN1 CCN1 may be as a target for anti-fibrotic therapy
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Quesnel
- Department of Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Xu Shi-Wen
- Centre for Rheumatology, University College London (Royal Free Campus), London, NW3 2PF, UK
| | - James Hutchenreuther
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Yizhi Xiao
- Department of Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Shangxi Liu
- Department of Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Alexander Peidl
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Deboki Naskar
- Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 1G6, Canada
| | - Walter L Siqueira
- Department of Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - David B O'Gorman
- Roth McFarlane Hand and Upper Limb Centre, Lawson Research Institute, London, ON, N6A 4V2, Canada.,Departments of Biochemistry and Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, N6A 5C1, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Boris Hinz
- Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 1G6, Canada
| | - Richard J Stratton
- Centre for Rheumatology, University College London (Royal Free Campus), London, NW3 2PF, UK
| | - Andrew Leask
- Department of Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada
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17
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Tsou PS, Khanna D, Sawalha AH. Identification of Cysteine-Rich Angiogenic Inducer 61 as a Potential Antifibrotic and Proangiogenic Mediator in Scleroderma. Arthritis Rheumatol 2019; 71:1350-1359. [PMID: 30884213 DOI: 10.1002/art.40890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We previously identified CYR61 as a histone deacetylase 5 (HDAC-5)-repressed gene in systemic sclerosis (SSc; scleroderma) endothelial cells (ECs). When overexpressed, cysteine-rich angiogenic inducer 61 (CYR-61) promoted angiogenesis in SSc ECs. This study was undertaken to examine the role of CYR-61 in fibrosis and determine the mechanisms involved in CYR-61-mediated angiogenesis in SSc. METHODS Dermal ECs and fibroblasts were isolated from biopsy specimens from healthy subjects and patients with SSc. CYR-61 level was determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. CYR-61 was overexpressed using a CYR61 vector or knocked down using small interfering RNA, and functional and mechanistic studies were then conducted in fibroblasts and ECs. RESULTS Lower CYR61 messenger RNA levels were observed in dermal fibroblasts and ECs from SSc patients than in those from healthy controls. In SSc fibroblasts, overexpression of CYR-61 led to significant reduction in the expression of profibrotic genes, including COL1A1 (P = 0.002) and ACTA2 (P = 0.04), and an increase in the expression of matrix-degrading genes, including MMP1 (P = 0.002) and MMP3 (P =0.004), and proangiogenic VEGF (P = 0.03). The antifibrotic effect of CYR-61 was further demonstrated by delay in wound healing, inhibition of gel contraction, inactivation of the transforming growth factor β pathway, and early superoxide production associated with senescence in SSc fibroblasts. In SSc ECs, overexpression of CYR-61 led to increased production of vascular endothelial cell growth factor. The proangiogenic effects of CYR-61 were mediated by signaling through αvβ3 receptors and downstream activation of AMP-activated protein kinase, AKT, and the endothelial cell nitric oxide synthase/nitric oxide pathway system. CONCLUSION CYR-61, which is epigenetically regulated by HDAC-5, is a potent antifibrotic and proangiogenic mediator in SSc. Therapeutic intervention to promote CYR-61 activity or increase CYR-61 levels might be of benefit in SSc.
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18
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Idborg H, Zandian A, Sandberg AS, Nilsson B, Elvin K, Truedsson L, Sohrabian A, Rönnelid J, Mo J, Grosso G, Kvarnström M, Gunnarsson I, Lehtiö J, Nilsson P, Svenungsson E, Jakobsson PJ. Two subgroups in systemic lupus erythematosus with features of antiphospholipid or Sjögren's syndrome differ in molecular signatures and treatment perspectives. Arthritis Res Ther 2019; 21:62. [PMID: 30777133 PMCID: PMC6378708 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-019-1836-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies and own clinical observations of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) suggest that SLE harbors distinct immunophenotypes. This heterogeneity might result in differences in response to treatment in different subgroups and obstruct clinical trials. Our aim was to understand how SLE subgroups may differ regarding underlying pathophysiology and characteristic biomarkers. Methods In a cross-sectional study, including 378 well-characterized SLE patients and 316 individually matched population controls, we defined subgroups based on the patients’ autoantibody profile at inclusion. We selected a core of an antiphospholipid syndrome-like SLE (aPL+ group; positive in the lupus anticoagulant (LA) test and negative for all three of SSA (Ro52 and Ro60) and SSB antibodies) and a Sjögren’s syndrome-like SLE (SSA/SSB+ group; positive for all three of SSA (Ro52 and Ro60) and SSB antibodies but negative in the LA test). We applied affinity-based proteomics, targeting 281 proteins, together with well-established clinical biomarkers and complementary immunoassays to explore the difference between the two predefined SLE subgroups. Results The aPL+ group comprised 66 and the SSA/SSB+ group 63 patients. The protein with the highest prediction power (receiver operating characteristic (ROC) area under the curve = 0.89) for separating the aPL+ and SSA/SSB+ SLE subgroups was integrin beta-1 (ITGB1), with higher levels present in the SSA/SSB+ subgroup. Proteins with the lowest p values comparing the two SLE subgroups were ITGB1, SLC13A3, and CERS5. These three proteins, rheumatoid factor, and immunoglobulin G (IgG) were all increased in the SSA/SSB+ subgroup. This subgroup was also characterized by a possible activation of the interferon system as measured by high KRT7, TYK2, and ETV7 in plasma. In the aPL+ subgroup, complement activation was more pronounced together with several biomarkers associated with systemic inflammation (fibrinogen, α-1 antitrypsin, neutrophils, and triglycerides). Conclusions Our observations indicate underlying pathogenic differences between the SSA/SSB+ and the aPL+ SLE subgroups, suggesting that the SSA/SSB+ subgroup may benefit from IFN-blocking therapies while the aPL+ subgroup is more likely to have an effect from drugs targeting the complement system. Stratifying SLE patients based on an autoantibody profile could be a way forward to understand underlying pathophysiology and to improve selection of patients for clinical trials of targeted treatments. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13075-019-1836-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Idborg
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arash Zandian
- Division of Affinity Proteomics, SciLifeLab, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ann-Sofi Sandberg
- Clinical Proteomics Mass Spectrometry, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bo Nilsson
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kerstin Elvin
- Unit of Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lennart Truedsson
- Section of Microbiology, Immunology and Glycobiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Azita Sohrabian
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johan Rönnelid
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - John Mo
- Patient Safety Respiratory, Inflammation, Autoimmunity, Infection and Vaccines, AstraZeneca R&D, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Giorgia Grosso
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marika Kvarnström
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Iva Gunnarsson
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Janne Lehtiö
- Clinical Proteomics Mass Spectrometry, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Nilsson
- Division of Affinity Proteomics, SciLifeLab, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elisabet Svenungsson
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Per-Johan Jakobsson
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Lin J, He Y, Wang B, Xun Z, Chen S, Zeng Z, Ou Q. Blocking of YY1 reduce neutrophil infiltration by inhibiting IL-8 production via the PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway in rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Immunol 2018; 195:226-236. [PMID: 30229869 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous study revealed that Yin Yang 1(YY1) played an important part in promoting interleukin (IL)-6 production in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, whether YY1 has any role in regulation of IL-8 in RA remains unclear. YY1 and IL-8 expression in RA patients were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) was used to analyze the signaling pathway involved in YY1-induced IL-8 production. The expression of YY1 and proteins involved in the pathway were detected by Western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Migration of neutrophils was performed by chemotaxis assay. In this study, we found that high expression of IL-8 was positively associated with YY1 expression in RA. Blocking YY1 expression by YY1-short hairpin (sh)RNA lentivirus reduced IL-8 production. Mechanistically, we showed YY1 activated IL-8 production via the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/Akt/mTOR) signaling pathway. Further, using a co-culture system consisting of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and neutrophils, we found that migration of neutrophils would be inhibited by YY1 RNA interference. Finally, using the collagen-induced arthritis animal model, we showed that treatment with the YY1-shRNA lentivirus led to reduction of IL-8 levels and attenuation of inflammation and neutrophil infiltration in vivo. Our results reveal a role of YY1 involved in neutrophil infiltration in RA via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR/IL-8 signaling pathway. YY1 may be a new therapeutic target for treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China.,First Clinical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Y He
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China.,First Clinical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - B Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China.,First Clinical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Z Xun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China.,First Clinical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - S Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Z Zeng
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Q Ou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China.,First Clinical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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Woo YJ, Seo Y, Kim JJ, Kim JW, Park Y, Yoon JS. Serum CYR61 Is Associated with Disease Activity in Graves' Orbitopathy. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2017; 26:1094-1100. [PMID: 28548552 DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2017.1319960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the clinical implications of cysteine-rich angiogenic inducer 61 (CYR61) in Graves' orbitopathy (GO). METHODS Sera from 52 GO patients, 23 Graves' disease (GD) patients, and 20 healthy controls, and orbital fat tissue samples from 12 of 52 GO patients and 8 control subjects were included for analysis. Concentrations of CYR61 were measured from sera with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and CYR61 mRNA expression levels were evaluated from orbital fat tissue with polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Serum CYR61 levels were higher in GO patients than in controls (p = 0.001). Patients with active GO showed higher CYR61 levels than those with inactive GO (p < 0.001) or GD (p = 0.004). Expression of CYR61 mRNA was 7.4-fold higher in patients with GO than in healthy controls (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS CYR61 could be an adjuvant biomarker associated with the inflammatory activity of GO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Jun Woo
- a Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology , Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul , South Korea
| | - Yuri Seo
- a Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology , Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul , South Korea
| | - Jin Joo Kim
- a Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology , Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul , South Korea
| | - Ji Won Kim
- a Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology , Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul , South Korea
| | - Yil Park
- b Department of Plastic Surgery, Yonsei First Plastic Surgery Clinic , Seoul , South Korea
| | - Jin Sook Yoon
- a Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology , Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul , South Korea
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21
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CCN1 promotes IL-1β production in keratinocytes by activating p38 MAPK signaling in psoriasis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43310. [PMID: 28266627 PMCID: PMC5339692 DOI: 10.1038/srep43310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
CCN1, an extracellular protein also known as cysteine-rich protein 61 (Cyr61), is a novel pro-inflammatory factor involved in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. As an inflammatory disease, psoriasis is characterized by keratinocyte activation-induced epidermal hyperplasia and cytokine-mediated inflammation. We demonstrated in our previous study that CCN1 promoted keratinocyte activation in psoriasis. However, the role of CCN1 in regulating inflammation in psoriasis is still unknown. Here, we showed that CCN1 increased inflammatory cytokine IL-1β production in keratinocytes. Furthermore, endogenous ATP and caspase-1 were required for mature IL-1β production stimulated by CCN1 in keratinocytes. After binding to the receptor of integrin α6β1, CCN1 activated the downstream p38 MAPK signaling pathway, thus inducing the expression of IL-1β. In addition, we inhibited CCN1 function in mouse models of psoriasis, and decreased IL-1β production was observed in vivo. Overall, we showed that CCN1 increased IL-1β production via p38 MAPK signaling, indicating a role for CCN1 protein in regulating inflammation in psoriasis.
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22
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Chiu HY, Wang IT, Huang WF, Tsai YW, Shiu MN, Tsai TF. Increased risk of avascular necrosis in patients with psoriatic disease: A nationwide population-based matched cohort study. J Am Acad Dermatol 2016; 76:903-910.e1. [PMID: 27986394 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Avascular necrosis (AVN) and psoriasis have some pathogenic mechanisms and associated conditions in common. OBJECTIVE To examine the association between psoriasis and AVN. METHODS This study used data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database for the period 2004-2006 and identified 28,268 patients with psoriasis, who were then matched for age and sex with 113,072 controls without psoriasis from the Taiwan Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2000. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were used for the analysis. RESULTS The unadjusted risk of AVN was significantly higher for patients with psoriasis than for controls (hazard ratio [HR] 2.29) and remained significant after adjustment for other risk factors (adjusted HR 1.96; 95% confidence interval 1.62-2.38). The risk for AVN increased in relation to psoriasis severity and was higher for patients with psoriasis and arthritis than for patients without arthritis. The adjusted HRs were higher for male patients than for female patients and for patients younger than 30 years compared with older patients. LIMITATIONS We lacked information on daily tobacco use, alcohol consumption, and physical activity. CONCLUSION The risk for AVN increased with the disease severity of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsien-Yi Chiu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan; Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Ting Wang
- Department of Physical Therapy and Assistive Technology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Weng-Foung Huang
- Institute of Health and Welfare Policy, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wen Tsai
- Institute of Health and Welfare Policy, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Neng Shiu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsen-Fang Tsai
- Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
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23
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Correlation between Cyr61 expression and clinicopathologic parameters in adenomyosis. J Reprod Immunol 2016; 118:42-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2016.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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CCN1/CYR61-mediated meticulous patrolling by Ly6Clow monocytes fuels vascular inflammation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:E4847-56. [PMID: 27482114 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1607710113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is characterized by the recruitment of leukocytes from the bloodstream. The rapid arrival of neutrophils is followed by a wave of inflammatory lymphocyte antigen 6 complex (Ly6C)-positive monocytes. In contrast Ly6C(low) monocytes survey the endothelium in the steady state, but their role in inflammation is still unclear. Here, using confocal intravital microscopy, we show that upon Toll-like receptor 7/8 (TLR7/8)-mediated inflammation of mesenteric veins, platelet activation drives the rapid mobilization of Ly6C(low) monocytes to the luminal side of the endothelium. After repeatedly interacting with platelets, Ly6C(low) monocytes commit to a meticulous patrolling of the endothelial wall and orchestrate the subsequent arrival and extravasation of neutrophils through the production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. At a molecular level, we show that cysteine-rich protein 61 (CYR61)/CYR61 connective tissue growth factor nephroblastoma overexpressed 1 (CCN1) protein is released by activated platelets and enables the recruitment of Ly6C(low) monocytes upon vascular inflammation. In addition endothelium-bound CCN1 sustains the adequate patrolling of Ly6C(low) monocytes both in the steady state and under inflammatory conditions. Blocking CCN1 or platelets with specific antibodies impaired the early arrival of Ly6C(low) monocytes and abolished the recruitment of neutrophils. These results refine the leukocyte recruitment cascade model by introducing endothelium-bound CCN1 as an inflammation mediator and by demonstrating a role for platelets and patrolling Ly6C(low) monocytes in acute vascular inflammation.
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