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Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Chen H, Bai B, Wang Q, Lin Z, Li J, Zhang X, Chen W, Chen W. Reopening the capsular bag by removing the capsular proliferative membrane to enable secondary in-the-bag intraocular lens implantation in pediatric aphakic eyes. J Cataract Refract Surg 2024; 50:250-256. [PMID: 37882739 PMCID: PMC10878449 DOI: 10.1097/j.jcrs.0000000000001352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To present a surgical technique for reopening the capsular bag in pediatric aphakia. SETTING Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangzhou, China. DESIGN Case series study. METHODS Consecutive pediatric patients with bilateral aphakia requiring secondary intraocular lens (IOL) implantation between July 2021 and June 2022 were included. The diameter of the capsular proliferative membranous ring (PMR) and position of IOL implantation were documented. Various parameters of capsular bag opening during primary cataract removal and secondary surgery were also analyzed. RESULTS 48 eyes were included with a mean follow-up of 8.1 ± 4.4 months. Using the surgical technique developed in this study, the capsular bag was successfully reopened with in-the-bag (ITB) implantation in 43 eyes (89.6%). ITB implantation was accomplished in all eyes with an outer diameter of PMR ≤5.5 mm and in 3 of 8 eyes (37.5%) with an outer diameter of PMR >5.5 mm. A positive correlation was observed between the primary and secondary anterior capsular opening diameters (ACODs) ( r = 0.422, P = .007) and the primary and secondary posterior capsular opening diameters (PCODs) ( r = 0.619, P < .001). The inner diameter of PMR was found to be positively correlated with secondary PCOD ( r = 0.728, P < .001) and the outer diameter with secondary ACOD ( r = 0.669, P < .001). CONCLUSIONS This was a safe and effective surgical technique for pediatric secondary IOL implantation with maximum preservation of the peripheral capsule. Aphakic eyes with an outer diameter of PMR ≤5.5 mm are preferred for secondary ITB implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhou
- From the State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China (Zhou, Y. Zhang, H. Chen, Bai, Wang, Lin, Li, X. Zhang, Wan Chen, Weirong Chen); Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (Zhou); Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China (X. Zhang)
| | - Yu Zhang
- From the State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China (Zhou, Y. Zhang, H. Chen, Bai, Wang, Lin, Li, X. Zhang, Wan Chen, Weirong Chen); Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (Zhou); Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China (X. Zhang)
| | - Hui Chen
- From the State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China (Zhou, Y. Zhang, H. Chen, Bai, Wang, Lin, Li, X. Zhang, Wan Chen, Weirong Chen); Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (Zhou); Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China (X. Zhang)
| | - Bingyu Bai
- From the State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China (Zhou, Y. Zhang, H. Chen, Bai, Wang, Lin, Li, X. Zhang, Wan Chen, Weirong Chen); Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (Zhou); Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China (X. Zhang)
| | - Qiwei Wang
- From the State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China (Zhou, Y. Zhang, H. Chen, Bai, Wang, Lin, Li, X. Zhang, Wan Chen, Weirong Chen); Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (Zhou); Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China (X. Zhang)
| | - Zhuoling Lin
- From the State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China (Zhou, Y. Zhang, H. Chen, Bai, Wang, Lin, Li, X. Zhang, Wan Chen, Weirong Chen); Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (Zhou); Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China (X. Zhang)
| | - Jing Li
- From the State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China (Zhou, Y. Zhang, H. Chen, Bai, Wang, Lin, Li, X. Zhang, Wan Chen, Weirong Chen); Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (Zhou); Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China (X. Zhang)
| | - Xiulan Zhang
- From the State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China (Zhou, Y. Zhang, H. Chen, Bai, Wang, Lin, Li, X. Zhang, Wan Chen, Weirong Chen); Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (Zhou); Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China (X. Zhang)
| | - Wan Chen
- From the State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China (Zhou, Y. Zhang, H. Chen, Bai, Wang, Lin, Li, X. Zhang, Wan Chen, Weirong Chen); Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (Zhou); Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China (X. Zhang)
| | - Weirong Chen
- From the State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China (Zhou, Y. Zhang, H. Chen, Bai, Wang, Lin, Li, X. Zhang, Wan Chen, Weirong Chen); Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (Zhou); Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China (X. Zhang)
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Zhao Q, Chang P, Zhao Y, Wang D, Zhao Y. Capsulotomy opening diameter outcomes in aphakic eyes after primary congenital cataract removal and its association. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1062144. [PMID: 36896396 PMCID: PMC9989205 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1062144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim To observe the change of capsulotomy opening diameter (COD) in aphakic eyes after primary congenital cataract removal and investigate its influencing factors. Methods Ocular parameters, including corneal diameter (CD), axial length (AL), anterior and posterior COD (ACOD, PCOD), and age at surgery were recorded at primary congenital cataract removal and secondary intraocular lens implantation. The concentrations of 15 kinds of cytokines in aqueous humor samples collected at the primary surgery were detected. The change (Δ) of COD between two surgeries were described, and its association was analyzed. Results Fifty eyes from 33 patients with congenital cataract who underwent primary and secondary surgery were enrolled. The changes in ACOD and PCOD were not statistically significant on the whole. ΔACOD was positively correlated with ΔCD and the concentrations of PDGF-AA, VEGF and TGF-β1. The concentration of FGF-2 and the interval between two surgeries showed negative correlations with ΔACOD and ΔPCOD. Conclusion COD in aphakic eyes kept changing after primary surgery. The positive correlation between ΔACOD and ΔCD manifested the enlargement of ACOD was influenced by lateral eye growth. Meanwhile, ΔACOD was also associated with cytokines, indicating postoperative inflammation promoted the ACOD constriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihui Zhao
- Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Wenzhou, China.,Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Pingjun Chang
- Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yinying Zhao
- Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Wenzhou, China
| | - Dandan Wang
- Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yune Zhao
- Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Wenzhou, China
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Fu Y, Wang D, Ding X, Chang P, Zhao Y, Hu M, Li Z, Zhao YE. Posterior Capsular Outcomes of Pediatric Cataract Surgery With In-The-Bag Intraocular Lens Implantation. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:827084. [PMID: 35463896 PMCID: PMC9024078 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.827084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the change of posterior capsular outcomes of pediatric cataract surgery with primary in-the-bag intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. METHODS We conducted a case series of pediatric cataract children who underwent cataract extraction with primary in-the-bag IOL implantation, posterior capsulorhexis or vitrectorhexis, and limited anterior vitrectomy at the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University between 2016 and 2019. Digital retro-illumination photographs of pediatric eyes were obtained at baseline and 6 months, 12 months, and the last visit postoperatively. Capsular outcomes of the posterior capsular opening area (PCOA) and lens reprolifration area at those time points were compared. Correlations between the PCOA and influential factors, such as age at surgery, axial growth, and follow-up duration, were analyzed. The study was registered at register.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04803097). RESULTS Data of 23 patients (27 eyes) were used in the final analysis. During follow-up, the PCOA enlarged at a rate of 0.29-0.32 mm2/month during the first six months postoperatively and 0.05-0.08 mm2/month over the next 1-2 years. Six months postoperatively, the PCOA enlargement statistically and positively correlated with the follow-up duration and axial growth. The area of lens reprolifration was 0.46 ± 1.00 mm2 at six months postoperatively and then remained stable. CONCLUSION The PCOA enlarged rapidly within the first six months after the pediatric cataract surgery with primary IOL implantation. Six months postoperatively, the enlargement of PCOA was positively correlated with follow-up duration and axial growth. Posterior capsulorhexis or capsulectomy should be performed with a diameter of 3.0 to 4.0 mm for good visual axis transparency and the protection of in-the-bag IOL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yana Fu
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health, Wenzhou, China.,National Center for Clinical and Medical Research, Wenzhou, China
| | - Dandan Wang
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health, Wenzhou, China.,National Center for Clinical and Medical Research, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xixia Ding
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health, Wenzhou, China.,National Center for Clinical and Medical Research, Wenzhou, China
| | - Pingjun Chang
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health, Wenzhou, China.,National Center for Clinical and Medical Research, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yinying Zhao
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health, Wenzhou, China.,National Center for Clinical and Medical Research, Wenzhou, China
| | - Man Hu
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health, Wenzhou, China.,National Center for Clinical and Medical Research, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhangliang Li
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health, Wenzhou, China.,National Center for Clinical and Medical Research, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yun-E Zhao
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health, Wenzhou, China.,National Center for Clinical and Medical Research, Wenzhou, China
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Liu Z, Wang R, Lin H, Liu Y. Lens regeneration in humans: using regenerative potential for tissue repairing. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:1544. [PMID: 33313289 PMCID: PMC7729322 DOI: 10.21037/atm-2019-rcs-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The crystalline lens is an important optic element in human eyes. It is transparent and biconvex, refracting light and accommodating to form a clear retinal image. The lens originates from the embryonic ectoderm. The epithelial cells at the lens equator proliferate, elongate and differentiate into highly aligned lens fiber cells, which are the structural basis for maintaining the transparency of the lens. Cataract refers to the opacity of the lens. Currently, the treatment of cataract is to remove the opaque lens and implant an intraocular lens (IOL). This strategy is inappropriate for children younger than 2 years, because a developing eyeball is prone to have severe complications such as inflammatory proliferation and secondary glaucoma. On the other hand, the absence of the crystalline lens greatly affects visual function rehabilitation. The researchers found that mammalian lenses possess regenerative potential. We identified lens stem cells through linear tracking experiments and designed a minimally invasive lens-content removal surgery (MILS) to remove the opaque lens material while preserving the lens capsule, stem cells and microenvironment. In infants with congenital cataract, functional lens regeneration in situ can be observed after MILS, and the prognosis of visual function is better than that of traditional surgery. Because of insufficient regenerative ability in humans, the morphology and volume of the regenerated lens cannot reach the level of a normal lens. The activation, proliferation and differentiation of lens stem cells and the alignment of lens fibers are regulated by epigenetic factors, growth factors, transcription factors, immune system and other signals and their interactions. The construction of appropriate microenvironment can accelerate lens regeneration and improve its morphology. The therapeutic concept of MILS combined with microenvironment manipulation to activate endogenous stem cells for functional regeneration of organs in situ can be extended to other tissues and organs with strong self-renewal and repair ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruixin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haotian Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yizhi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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