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Li L, Wu B, Dong J, He S, Xu J, Tse G, Dai F, Liu H. Hemodynamic changes in progressive cerebral infarction: An observational study based on blood pressure monitoring. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2024; 26:122-133. [PMID: 38192040 PMCID: PMC10857478 DOI: 10.1111/jch.14759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Progressive cerebral infarction (PCI) is a common complication in patients with ischemic stroke that leads to poor prognosis. Blood pressure (BP) can indicate post-stroke hemodynamic changes which play a key role in the development of PCI. The authors aim to investigate the association between BP-derived hemodynamic parameters and PCI. Clinical data and BP recordings were collected from 80 patients with cerebral infarction, including 40 patients with PCI and 40 patients with non-progressive cerebral infarction (NPCI). Hemodynamic parameters were calculated from the BP recordings of the first 7 days after admission, including systolic and diastolic BP, mean arterial pressure, and pulse pressure (PP), with the mean values of each group calculated and compared between daytime and nighttime, and between different days. Hemodynamic parameters and circadian BP rhythm patterns were compared between PCI and NPCI groups using t-test or non-parametric equivalent for continuous variables, Chi-squared test or Fisher's exact test for categorical variables, Cox proportional hazards regression analysis and binary logistic regression analysis for potential risk factors. In PCI and NPCI groups, significant decrease of daytime systolic BP appeared on the second and sixth days, respectively. Systolic BP and fibrinogen at admission, daytime systolic BP of the first day, nighttime systolic BP of the third day, PP, and the ratio of abnormal BP circadian rhythms were all higher in the PCI group. PCI and NPCI groups were significantly different in BP circadian rhythm pattern. PCI is associated with higher systolic BP, PP and more abnormal circadian rhythms of BP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Li
- Department of NeurologyZhoushan HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityZhoushanChina
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of NeurologyPeople's Hospital of QuzhouQuzhouChina
| | - Jiaoxuan Dong
- Department of NeurologyZhoushan HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityZhoushanChina
| | - Songbin He
- Department of NeurologyZhoushan HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityZhoushanChina
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of NeurologyZhoushan HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityZhoushanChina
| | - Gary Tse
- School of Nursing and Health StudiesHong Kong Metropolitan UniversityHong KongChina
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic‐Molecular Function of Cardiovascular DiseaseDepartment of CardiologyTianjin Institute of CardiologySecond Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
- Kent and Medway Medical SchoolUniversity of Kent and Canterbury Christ Church UniversityCanterburyKentUK
| | - Fangyu Dai
- Department of NeurologyZhoushan HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityZhoushanChina
| | - Haipeng Liu
- Research Centre for Intelligent HealthcareCoventry UniversityCoventryUK
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2
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Wang A, Jia B, Zhang X, Huo X, Chen J, Gui L, Cai Y, Guo Z, Han Y, Peng Z, Jing P, Chen Y, Liu Y, Yang Y, Wang F, Sun Z, Li T, Sun H, Yuan H, Shao H, Gao L, Zhang P, Wang F, Cao X, Shi W, Li C, Yang J, Zhang H, Wang F, Deng J, Liu Y, Deng W, Song C, Chen H, He L, Zhao H, Li X, Yang H, Zhou Z, Wang Y, Miao Z. Efficacy and Safety of Butylphthalide in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Neurol 2023; 80:851-859. [PMID: 37358859 PMCID: PMC10294018 DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2023.1871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Importance DL-3-n-butylphthalide (NBP) is a drug for treating acute ischemic stroke and may play a neuroprotective role by acting on multiple active targets. The efficacy of NBP in patients with acute ischemic stroke receiving reperfusion therapy remains unknown. Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of NBP in patients with acute ischemic stroke receiving reperfusion therapy of intravenous thrombolysis and/or endovascular treatment. Design, Setting, and Participants This multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel randomized clinical trial was conducted in 59 centers in China with 90-day follow-up. Of 1236 patients with acute ischemic stroke, 1216 patients 18 years and older diagnosed with acute ischemic stroke with a National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score ranging from 4 to 25 who could start the trial drug within 6 hours from symptom onset and received either intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) or endovascular treatment or intravenous rt-PA bridging to endovascular treatment were enrolled, after excluding 20 patients who declined to participate or did not meet eligibility criteria. Data were collected from July 1, 2018, to May 22, 2022. Interventions Within 6 hours after symptom onset, patients were randomized to receive NBP or placebo in a 1:1 ratio. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary efficacy outcome was the proportion of patients with a favorable outcome based on 90-day modified Rankin Scale score (a global stroke disability scale ranging from 0 [no symptoms or completely recovered] to 6 [death]) thresholds of 0 to 2 points, depending on baseline stroke severity. Results Of 1216 enrolled patients, 827 (68.0%) were men, and the median (IQR) age was 66 (56-72) years. A total of 607 were randomly assigned to the butylphthalide group and 609 to the placebo group. A favorable functional outcome at 90 days occurred in 344 patients (56.7%) in the butylphthalide group and 268 patients (44.0%) in the placebo group (odds ratio, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.35-2.14; P < .001). Serious adverse events within 90 days occurred in 61 patients (10.1%) in the butylphthalide group and 73 patients (12.0%) in the placebo group. Conclusions and Relevance Among patients with acute ischemic stroke receiving intravenous thrombolysis and/or endovascular treatment, NBP was associated with a higher proportion of patients achieving a favorable functional outcome at 90 days compared with placebo. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03539445.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anxin Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Baixue Jia
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuelei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaochuan Huo
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianhuang Chen
- Department of Neurology, Liuyang Jili Hospital, Hunan, China
| | - Liqiang Gui
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Langfang Changzheng Hospital, Hebei, China
| | - Yefeng Cai
- Department of Neurology, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Guangdong Province, Guangdong, China
| | - Zaiyu Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin TEDA Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuqing Han
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Xiqing Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhaolong Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanyang Nanshi Hospital, Henan, China
| | - Ping Jing
- Department of Neurology, Central Hospital of Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yongjun Chen
- Department of Neurology, University of South China Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Huna, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Jingjiang People's Hospital, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Neurology, Jilin Qianwei Hospital, Jilin, China
| | - Fengyun Wang
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng Brain Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Zengqiang Sun
- Department of Neurology, Zibo Municipal Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Tong Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second People's Hospital of Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Hongxia Sun
- Department of Neurology, Jilin Province People's Hospital, Jilin, China
| | - Haicheng Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Central Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Hongmin Shao
- Department of Neurology, Tangshan Fengrun District People's Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Lianbo Gao
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning, China
| | - Peipei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Nanpi, Hebei, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiangyang Cao
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Huai’an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and The Second People’s Hospital of Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wanchao Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking University BinHai Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Changmao Li
- Department of Neurology, Loudi Central Hospital, Hunan, China
| | - Jianwen Yang
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, The People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Hunan, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Fushun Mining Bureau of Liaoning Health Industry Group, Liaoning, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Seventh People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianzhong Deng
- Department of Neurology, Anyang District Hospital, Henan, China
| | - Yanjie Liu
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Weisheng Deng
- Department of Neurology, Meizhou People's Hospital, Guangdong, China
| | - Cunfeng Song
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Liaocheng Third People's Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Huisheng Chen
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Northern Theatre Command, Liaoning, China
| | - Li He
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongdong Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xianfeng Li
- Department of Neurology, The First People’s Hospital of Nanning City, Guangxi, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhiming Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Anhui, China
| | - Yilong Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongrong Miao
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Gach J, Olejniczak T, Pannek J, Boratyński F. Fungistatic Effect of Phthalide Lactones on Rhodotorula mucilaginosa. Molecules 2023; 28:5423. [PMID: 37513295 PMCID: PMC10384090 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, there is an increasing number of cases of fungal infections caused by opportunistic strains of the yeast Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, mainly in immunocompromised patients during hospitalization. The excessive use of antibiotics and azole compounds increases the risk of resistance to microorganisms. A new alternative to these drugs may be synthetic phthalide lactones with a structure identical to or similar to the natural ones found in celery plants, which show low toxicity and relatively high fungistatic activity. In the present study, the fungistatic activity of seven phthalide lactones was determined against R. mucilaginosa IHEM 18459. We showed that 3-n-butylidenephthalide, the most potent compound selected in the microdilution test, caused a dose-dependent decrease in dry yeast biomass. Phthalide accumulated in yeast cells and contributed to an increase in reactive oxygen species content. The synergistic effect of fluconazole resulted in a reduction in the azole concentration required for yeast inhibition. We observed changes in the color of the yeast cultures; thus, we conducted experiments to prove that the carotenoid profile was altered. The addition of lactones also triggered a decline in fatty acid methyl esters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Gach
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Teresa Olejniczak
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jakub Pannek
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Filip Boratyński
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
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Li Y, Hong Z, Li S, Xie S, Wang J, Wang J, Liu Y. Efficacy of Butylphthalide in Combination with Edaravone in the Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke and the Effect on Serum Inflammatory Factors. DISEASE MARKERS 2023; 2023:9969437. [PMID: 37082457 PMCID: PMC10113042 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9969437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the efficacy of butylphthalide combined with edaravone in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke and the effect on serum inflammatory factors. Methods One hundred and sixty patients with acute ischemic stroke who attended the neurovascular intervention department of our hospital from May 2020 to June 2022 were enrolled as study subjects for prospective analysis and were equally divided into a control group and an experimental group using the random number table method, with 80 cases in each group. The control group was treated with edaravone injection, while the experimental group was treated with butylphthalide combined with edaravone. The disease was recorded to compare the efficacy, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, homocysteine, serum inflammatory factors including tumor necrosis factor-α, C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 levels, and the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups. Results The total effective rate of treatment in the experimental group was 90.0% (72/80), while that of the control group was 62.5% (50/80), the total effective rate of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). After treatment, the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, homocysteine level, and serum TNF-α, CRP, and IL-6 levels of patients in the experimental group improved compared with those before treatment, and the degree of improvement was better than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). After 3 months of treatment, a comparison of the incidence of adverse reactions in the two groups showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion The treatment of acute ischemic stroke with butylphthalide combined with edaravone has positive significance in improving blood circulation regulation and serum inflammatory factor levels and is reliable and worthy of clinical promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Neurovascular Intervention, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Hong
- Department of Neurovascular Intervention, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Shaoquan Li
- Department of Neurovascular Intervention, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Songwang Xie
- Department of Neurovascular Intervention, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Junyong Wang
- Department of Neurovascular Intervention, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Neurovascular Intervention, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Yongchang Liu
- Department of Neurovascular Intervention, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
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Zhang Z, Pan C, McBride D, Wu Z, Zhang G, Chen D, Zhang JH, Tang Z. Progress in the treatment of chronic intracranial large artery occlusion: Time for large, randomized trials? BRAIN HEMORRHAGES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hest.2022.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Lv J, Zhao D, Zhao G, Xie Z. Efficacy and safety of butylphthalide in secondary prevention of stroke: study protocol for a multicenter, real world trial based on Internet. BMC Neurol 2022; 22:305. [PMID: 35986234 PMCID: PMC9389750 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-022-02815-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background As one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality, stroke and its recurrence has attracted more and more attention. Dl-3-n-butylphthalidle(NBP) has been widely used for treating acute ischemic stroke in China and shows a great clinical effect. NBP plays a role in different pathophysiological processes in the treatment of ischemic stroke, including antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-thrombosis, and mitochondrial protection. Many randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter clinical trials suggest that NBP is a safe and effective treatment for ischemic stroke. To sum up, the current research is mainly focused on the short-term treatment of stroke patients with RCT (randomized controlled trial). Therefore, we designed this study to confirm the role of butylphthalide in secondary stroke prevention in the real world. Methods This study will be a multicenter, prospective real-world trial. We would recruit 8000 patients with ischemic stroke from 78 public hospitals in China. All participants will be allocated to one of two parallel treatment groups according to their own wills: (1) butylphthalide group: 0.2 g of butylphthalide capsules three times daily plus routine treatment (aspirin 50-300 mg/d, clopidogrel 75 mg/d, etc.); (2) control group: routine treatment (aspirin 50-300 mg/d, clopidogrel 75 mg/d, etc.). Treatment duration is 90 consecutive days or more. The primary outcome is recurrence rate of stroke within 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 1 year in butylphthalide group and control group. The secondary outcomes included NIHSS score, the mRS score, other clinical cardiovascular events within one year (sudden death / myocardial infarction / arrhythmia / heart failure, etc.), and adverse events of patients in groups. NIHSS will be captured in the first month after discharge, and the others will be captured at the same time points as the primary end point. Discussion This trial will be exploring the efficacy and safety of butylphthalide in secondary prevention of ischemic stroke to expand the scope of application of butylphthalide soft capsules and provide new ideas for enriching the secondary prevention of stroke. Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR). Trial registration number: ChiCTR2000034481. Registered on 6 July 2020, http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=55800 Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12883-022-02815-x.
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Bai J. Clinical efficacy and safety of urinary kallindinogenase combined with butylphthalide in the treatment of progressive cerebral infarction. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:13909-13915. [PMID: 35035732 PMCID: PMC8748135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the clinical efficacy and safety of urinary Kallindinogenase (HUK) combined with butylphthalide (NBP) in the treatment of progressive cerebral infarction (PCI), to provide more choices for the clinical treatment of PCI. METHODS The clinical data of 94 with PCI admitted to our hospital from July 2015 to March 2017 were retrospectively analyzed in this study. In addition to basic treatment, the control group (n = 52) was treated with NBP and edaravone. The research group (n = 42) was treated with NBP and HUK. After 14 days of treatment, the clinical efficacy on the two groups was evaluated according to their neurological function deficit using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). The functional recovery results after the stroke were measured using the Modified Rankin Scale (MRS). The independence rate of the two groups was compared. The activities of daily living (ADL) scale was adopted to evaluate the patients' life quality. The two groups were compared in the incidence of complications during treatment and the recurrence within 12 months. RESULTS The two groups of patients were not greatly different in basic data. After 14 days of treatment, the improvements in NIHSS, MRS, and ADL scores in the research group were more obvious than those in the control group. After 12 months of treatment, the research group showed a significantly higher independence rate than the control group. No serious adverse reactions were found in the two groups. There was no death during the treatment. After 12 months of treatment, the two groups were not greatly different in recurrence rate. CONCLUSION HUK combined with NBP can reduce the neurological dysfunction and disability rate of patients and improve their independence rate and life quality. It is a safe and effective method for the treatment of PCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Bai
- Department of Neurology, Tangshan Gongren Hospital Tangshan 063000, Hebei Province, China
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8
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Zhang A, Li J, Wang S, Xu Y, Li Q, Wu Z, Wang C, Meng H, Zhang J. Rapid and improved oral absorption of N-butylphthalide by sodium cholate-appended liposomes for efficient ischemic stroke therapy. Drug Deliv 2021; 28:2469-2479. [PMID: 34766542 PMCID: PMC8592624 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2021.2000678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
As a multi-target drug to treat ischemic stroke, N-butylphthalide (NBP) is extremely water-insoluble and exhibits limited oral bioavailability, impeding its wide oral application. Effective treatment of ischemic stroke by NBP requires timely and efficient drug exposure, necessitating the development of new oral formulations. Herein, liposomes containing biosurfactant sodium cholate (CA-liposomes) were systemically investigated as an oral NBP delivery platform because of its high biocompatibility and great potential for clinical applications. The optimized liposomes have a uniform hydrodynamic size of 104.30 ± 1.60 nm and excellent encapsulation efficiency (93.91 ± 1.10%). Intriguingly, NBP-loaded CA-liposomes produced rapid drug release and the cumulative release was up to 88.09 ± 4.04% during 12 h while that for NBP group was only 6.79 ± 0.99%. Caco-2 cell monolayer assay demonstrated the superior cell uptake and transport efficiency of NBP-loaded CA-liposomes than free NBP, which was mediated by passive diffusion via transcellular and paracellular routes. After oral administration to rats, NBP-loaded CA-liposomes exhibited rapid and almost complete drug absorption, with a tmax of 0.70 ± 0.14 h and an absolute bioavailability of 92.65% while NBP suspension demonstrated relatively low bioavailability (21.7%). Meanwhile, NBP-loaded CA-liposomes produced 18.30-fold drug concentration in the brain at 5 min compared with NBP suspension, and the brain bioavailability increased by 2.48-fold. As expected, NBP-loaded CA-liposomes demonstrated significant therapeutic efficacy in a middle cerebral artery occlusion rat model. Our study provides new insights for engineering oral formulations of NBP with fast and sufficient drug exposure against ischemic stroke in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailing Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianbo Li
- Henan Key Laboratory for Pharmacology of Liver Diseases, Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuaishuai Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yaru Xu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qinglian Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhe Wu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chenxu Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory for Pharmacology of Liver Diseases, Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Haiyang Meng
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jinjie Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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9
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Zhang L, Tang X, Wang C, Ding D, Zhu J, Zhou Y, Diao S, Kong Y, Cai X, Li C, Yao Y, Fang Q. Predictive Model of Dysphagia and Brain Lesion-Symptom Mapping in Acute Ischemic Stroke. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:753364. [PMID: 34744695 PMCID: PMC8564389 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.753364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose: Early recognition and management of post-stroke dysphagia (PSD) based on MRI may reduce the incidence of complications. Combining clinical symptoms with applications of MRI, we aimed to identify the risk factors of PSD, develop a prediction scale with high accuracy and map key dysphagia brain areas. Methods: A total of 275 acute ischemic stroke patients were enrolled in this study, and 113 (41.1%) patients were diagnosed with PSD. All patients underwent the water-swallowing test (WST) and volume-viscosity swallow test (V-VST) within first 24 h following admission to assess swallowing. Vascular factors were evaluated and MRI brain scans were obtained within 3 days after symptom onset for each participant admitted to the hospital. T-test, chi-squared test and Fisher’s exact test were used to investigate the associations of various patient characteristics with dysphagia, and multivariable logistic regression models were used to construct a prediction scale. Scale accuracy was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. We extracted white matter hyperintensities for each patient as potential brain lesions. Voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping (VLSM) was used to identify key brain areas for dysphagia. Results: Risk factors related with PSD were older age, history of atrial fibrillation, higher fasting blood glucose, NIH stroke scale, TOAST classification, progressive stroke, middle cerebral artery lesion and anterior cerebral artery lesion. Three variables with most significant associations, including NIH stroke scale, TOAST classification and progressive stroke, combined with age and gender, were used to construct a dysphagia prediction scale with high accuracy (AUC = 0.86). VLSM identified left inferior parietal gyrus as a key brain region for PSD. Conclusion: Risk factors of PSD were identified and a predictive model of dysphagia was constructed intelligently and automatically. The left inferior parietal gyrus was identified as a key brain area for dysphagia, which provides a new symptom-based treatment target for early rehabilitation in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiang Tang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Can Wang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Dongxue Ding
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Juehua Zhu
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yun Zhou
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Diao
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yan Kong
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiuying Cai
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Cuiping Li
- Shanghai Zhiyu Software Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Ye Yao
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Fang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Wei ZZ, Chen D, Lee MJH, Zhao Y, Gu X, Yu SP, Wei L. DL-3-n-butylphthalide Increases Collateriogenesis and Functional Recovery after Focal Ischemic Stroke in Mice. Aging Dis 2021; 12:1835-1849. [PMID: 34631224 PMCID: PMC8460296 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2020.1226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence indicates that collateral circulation is critical for the outcome of ischemic stroke. DL-3-n-butylphthalide (NBP), a synthesized compound based on an extract from seeds of celery Apium graveolens Linn, has been used as a therapeutic drug, showing multiple neuroprotective and regenerative activities. A potential effect of NBP on collateral arterial regulation is unknown. We examined the effects of NBP on arteriogenesis of collateral arteries in vitro and a mouse ischemic stroke model. In cultures of mouse iPS cell-derived vascular progenitors, NBP (10 μM) significantly increased α-smooth muscle actin (αSMA)/CD-31 co-labeled cells and the expression of newly formed vasculature marker PDGFRα. A sensorimotor cortex ischemia was induced in transgenic mice expressing αSMA-GFP that allowed direct observation of arterial vasculatures in brain regions. NBP (80 mg/kg) was intranasally delivered 1 hr after stroke and once daily for 14 days. To label proliferating cells, 5-Bromo-2’-deoxyuridine (BrdU, 50 mg/kg, i.p.) was administrated every day from 3 days after stroke. Western blotting of peri-infarct tissue detected increased expressions of VEGF, Ang-1 and reduced nNOS level in NBP-treated mice. The NBP treatment significantly increased αSMA/BrdU co-labeled cells, the diameter of ipsilateral collaterals, and arterial area in ischemic and peri-infarct regions examined 14 days after stroke. Examined 3 days after stroke, NBP prevented functional deficits in the cylinder test and corner test. The NBP treatment of 14 days improved the local cerebral blood flow (LCBF) and functional performance in multiple tests. Thus, NBP promotes collateriogenesis, short and long-term structural and functional improvements after ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zachory Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Dongdong Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Matthew Joong H Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yingying Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Xiaohuan Gu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Shan Ping Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ling Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Zhang X, Wang A, Zhang JY, Jia B, Huo X, Zuo Y, Tian X, Wang Y, Miao Z. Efficacy and safety of butylphthalide for patients who had acute ischaemic stroke receiving intravenous thrombolysis or endovascular treatment (BAST trial): study protocol for a randomised placebo-controlled trial. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e045559. [PMID: 34035100 PMCID: PMC8154958 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION As a neuroprotective medication, butylphthalide (NBP) may help protect against cerebral ischaemic injury. However, evidence on whether NBP influences the outcomes of patients who had acute ischaemic stroke who are receiving revascularisation treatment is limited. This study aims to evaluate whether additional NBP therapy can improve the functional outcome of patients who receive intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator and/or endovascular treatment (EVT). METHODS AND ANALYSIS The study will be a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multiple-centre, parallel group trial. The sample size is estimated at 1200 patients. Eligible patients will be randomised at a 1:1 ratio to receive either NBP or placebo daily for 90 days, which will include 14 days of injections and 76 days of capsules. The first use of NBP/placebo will be started within 6 hours of onset of ischaemic stroke. The primary outcome is the functional outcome as assessed by the 90-day modified Rankin Scale, adjusted for baseline scores on the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale. The primary safety outcome is the percentage of serious adverse events during the 90 days of treatment. This trial will determine whether NBP medication benefits patients who had acute ischaemic stroke who receive intravenous thrombolysis or EVT. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The protocol was written according to the general ethical guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Institutional Review Board/Ethics Committee of Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University with approval number KY 2018-003-02. Ethics committees of all participating sites have approved the study . Results of the study will be published in peer-reviewed scientific journals and shared in scientific presentations. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03539445.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelei Zhang
- Department of Neurological Intervention, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Anxin Wang
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Yu Zhang
- Department of Neurological Intervention, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Baixue Jia
- Department of Neurological Intervention, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaochuan Huo
- Department of Neurological Intervention, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yingting Zuo
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Tian
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yilong Wang
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongrong Miao
- Department of Neurological Intervention, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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12
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Mamtilahun M, Wei Z, Qin C, Wang Y, Tang Y, Shen FX, Tian HL, Zhang Z, Yang GY. DL-3n-Butylphthalide Improves Blood-Brain Barrier Integrity in Rat After Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 14:610714. [PMID: 33510620 PMCID: PMC7835508 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.610714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: DL-3n-butylphthalide (NBP) has beneficial effects in different stages of ischemic stroke. Our previous studies have demonstrated that NBP promoted angiogenesis in the perifocal region of the ischemic brain. However, the molecular mechanism of NBP for blood–brain barrier protection in acute ischemic stroke was unclear. Here, we explored the neuroprotective effects of NBP on blood–brain barrier integrity in the acute phase of ischemic stroke in a rat model. Methods: Adult male Sprague–Dawley rats (n = 82) underwent 2 h of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion and received 90 mg/kg of NBP for 3 days. Brain edema, infarct volume, surface blood flow, and neurological severity score were evaluated. Blood–brain barrier integrity was evaluated by Evans blue leakage and changes in tight junction proteins. We further examined AQP4 and eNOS expression, MMP-9 enzyme activity, and possible signaling pathways for the role of NBP after ischemic stroke. Results: NBP treatment significantly increased eNOS expression and surface blood flow in the brain, reduced brain edema and infarct volume, and improved neurological severity score compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, NBP attenuated Evans blue and IgG leakage and increased tight junction protein expression compared to the control after 1 and 3 days of ischemic stroke (p < 0.05). Finally, NBP decreased AQP4 expression, MMP-9 enzyme activity, and increased MAPK expression during acute ischemic stroke. Conclusion: NBP protected blood–brain barrier integrity and attenuated brain injury in the acute phase of ischemic stroke by decreasing AQP4 expression and MMP-9 enzyme activity. The MAPK signaling pathway may be associated in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muyassar Mamtilahun
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenyu Wei
- University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Affiliated Shidong Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuan Qin
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongting Wang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaohui Tang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan-Xia Shen
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Heng-Li Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-Yuan Yang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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13
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Wei L, Zeng K, Gai J, Zhou F, Wei Z, Bao Q. Effect of acupuncture on neurovascular units after cerebral infarction in rats through PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2020; 75:387-397. [PMID: 32280081 DOI: 10.3233/ch-190659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the effect of acupuncture on neurovascular units after cerebral infarction (CI) in rats through the phosphatidylinositol 3-hydroxy kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) signaling pathway. METHODS A total of 36 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham group (n = 12), model group (n = 12) and acupuncture group (n = 12). The external carotid artery was only exposed in model group, while the post-CI ischemia-reperfusion model was established using the suture method in the other 2 groups. After modeling, the rats in sham group and model group were fixed and sampled, while those in acupuncture group were treated with acupuncture intervention for 2 weeks and sampled. The neurological deficits of rats were evaluated using the Zea-Longa score, and the spatial learning and memory of rats were detected via water maze test. Moreover, the expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), growth associated protein-43 (GAP-43) and synuclein (SYN) in brain tissues were detected via immunohistochemistry, and the relative protein expressions of PI3K p85, PI3K p110 and p-AKT were detected via Western blotting. The messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expressions of VEGF, GAP-43 and SYN were detected via quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). RESULTS The Zea-Longa score was significantly increased in model group and acupuncture group compared with that in sham group (p < 0.05), while it significantly declined in acupuncture group compared with that in model group (p < 0.05). The escape latency was significantly prolonged and the times of crossing platform were significantly reduced in model group and acupuncture group compared with those in sham group (p < 0.05), while the escape latency was significantly shortened and the times of crossing platform were significantly increased in acupuncture group compared with those in model group (p < 0.05). The positive expressions of VEGF, GAP-43 and SYN were obviously increased in model group and acupuncture group compared with those in sham group (p < 0.05), while they were obviously increased in acupuncture group compared with those in model group (p < 0.05). Besides, model group and acupuncture group had significantly higher relative protein expressions of PI3K p85, PI3K p110 and p-AKT than sham group (p < 0.05), while acupuncture group also had significantly higher relative protein expressions of PI3K p85, PI3K p110 and p-AKT than model group (p < 0.05). The relative mRNA expressions of VEGF, GAP-43 and SYN were remarkably increased in model group and acupuncture group compared with those in sham group (p < 0.05), while they were remarkably increased in acupuncture group compared with those in model group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Acupuncture promotes the repair of neurovascular units after CI in rats through activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, thereby exerting a protective effect on neurovascular units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Wei
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shenzhen Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Kexue Zeng
- Department of Acupuncture Rehabilitation, Guangdong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Juanjuan Gai
- Department of Anorectal, Guangdong Province Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Feixiong Zhou
- Department of Acupuncture Rehabilitation, Guangdong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenglin Wei
- Department of Acupuncture Rehabilitation, Guangdong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qinghui Bao
- Department of Traditional Therapy, Guangdong Province Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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14
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Paul S, Candelario-Jalil E. Emerging neuroprotective strategies for the treatment of ischemic stroke: An overview of clinical and preclinical studies. Exp Neurol 2020; 335:113518. [PMID: 33144066 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 298] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is the leading cause of disability and thesecond leading cause of death worldwide. With the global population aged 65 and over growing faster than all other age groups, the incidence of stroke is also increasing. In addition, there is a shift in the overall stroke burden towards younger age groups, particularly in low and middle-income countries. Stroke in most cases is caused due to an abrupt blockage of an artery (ischemic stroke), but in some instances stroke may be caused due to bleeding into brain tissue when a blood vessel ruptures (hemorrhagic stroke). Although treatment options for stroke are still limited, with the advancement in recanalization therapy using both pharmacological and mechanical thrombolysis some progress has been made in helping patients recover from ischemic stroke. However, there is still a substantial need for the development of therapeutic agents for neuroprotection in acute ischemic stroke to protect the brain from damage prior to and during recanalization, extend the therapeutic time window for intervention and further improve functional outcome. The current review has assessed the past challenges in developing neuroprotective strategies, evaluated the recent advances in clinical trials, discussed the recent initiative by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke in USA for the search of novel neuroprotectants (Stroke Preclinical Assessment Network, SPAN) and identified emerging neuroprotectants being currently evaluated in preclinical studies. The underlying molecular mechanism of each of the neuroprotective strategies have also been summarized, which could assist in the development of future strategies for combinational therapy in stroke treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surojit Paul
- Department of Neurology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
| | - Eduardo Candelario-Jalil
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
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15
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Marco-Contelles J, Zhang Y. From Seeds of Apium graveolens Linn. to a Cerebral Ischemia Medicine: The Long Journey of 3- n-Butylphthalide. J Med Chem 2020; 63:12485-12510. [PMID: 32672958 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
3-n-Butylphthalide (NBP) as well as its derivatives and analogues (NBPs), in racemic or enantiomerically pure forms, possess potent and diverse pharmacological properties and have shown a great potential therapeutic interest for many human conditions, especially for cerebral ischemia. This Perspective outlines the synthesis and therapeutic applications of NBPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Marco-Contelles
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry, CSIC, Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006-Madrid, Spain
| | - Yihua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.,Center of Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
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16
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Tian A, Li W, Zai Q, Li H, Zhang RW. 3‑N‑Butyphthalide improves learning and memory in rats with vascular cognitive impairment by activating the SIRT1/BDNF pathway. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:525-533. [PMID: 32377741 PMCID: PMC7248482 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is a type of cerebral vascular disorder that leads to learning and memory decline. VCI models can be induced by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion via permanent bilateral common carotid artery occlusion. 3-N-Butylphthalide (NBP) is a neuroprotective drug used for the treatment of ischemic cerebrovascular diseases. Silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) plays an important role in memory formation and cognitive performance, and its abnormal reduction is associated with cognitive dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a neurotrophic factor that plays critical roles in promoting neuronal growth and injury repair. The present study was performed to investigate the effects and the underlying mechanism of NBP on learning deficits in a rat model of VCI. Rats were divided into a control group, model group, low-NBP-dose group (30 mg/kg/day), high-NBP-dose group (60 mg/kg/day), NBP + SIRT1 inhibitor group and NBP + BDNF inhibitor group. Rats were then subjected to Morris water maze and T-maze tests, which identified that NBP treatment significantly attenuated memory impairments in VCI rats. Molecular examination indicated that SIRT1 and BDNF expression levels in the hippocampus were increased by NBP treatment. However, NBP failed to ameliorate cognitive function after inhibition of the SIRT1/BDNF signaling pathway. In addition, NBP in combination with a SIRT1 inhibitor suppressed BDNF protein expression, but inhibition of BDNF did not inhibit SIRT1 protein expression in rats with VCI. The present results suggested that the neuroprotective effects of NBP on learning deficits in a rat model of VCI may be via regulation of the SIRT1/BDNF signaling pathway, in which SIRT1 may be the upstream signaling molecule. Therefore, the SIRT1/BDNF pathway could be a potential therapeutic target for VCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayong Tian
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Wan Li
- Department of Neurology, The Ninth People's Hospital of Shenyang, Shenyang, Liaoning 110024, P.R. China
| | - Qing Zai
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Rong-Wei Zhang
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
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17
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Zhang C, Zang Y, Song Q, Zhao W, Li H, Hu L, Zhang Q, Gu F, Zhang C. Effects of butylphthalide injection on treatment of transient ischemic attack as shown by diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging abnormality. Int J Neurosci 2020; 130:454-460. [PMID: 31822157 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2019.1692835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chenhao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Baoding City, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Yanjing Zang
- Department of Geriatric, The Second Hospital of Baoding City, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Qin Song
- Second Neurology Department, The Second Hospital of Baoding City, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Weidong Zhao
- Second Neurology Department, The Second Hospital of Baoding City, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Hongxuan Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Baoding City, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Lei Hu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Baoding City, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Baoding City, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Fang Gu
- Fifth Department of Internal Medicine, Baoding Children’s Hospital, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Chunliang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Baoding City, Baoding, Hebei, China
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18
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Luo R, Wangqin R, Zhu L, Bi W. Neuroprotective mechanisms of 3-n-butylphthalide in neurodegenerative diseases. Biomed Rep 2019; 11:235-240. [PMID: 31798868 PMCID: PMC6873419 DOI: 10.3892/br.2019.1246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Since 3-n-butylphthalide (NBP) was approved by the China Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of acute ischemia stroke in 2002, a number of studies have investigated NBP worldwide. In recent years, NBP has also demonstrated potential as treatment of several neurodegenerative diseases, which has increased the interest in its mechanisms of protection and action. Clinical studies and studies that used cell or animal models, have directly demonstrated neuroprotective effects of NBP via the following mechanisms: i) Inhibiting the inflammatory reaction; ii) reducing mitochondrial oxidative stress; iii) regulating apoptosis and autophagy; iv) inducing resistance to endoplasmic reticulum stress; and v) decreasing abnormal protein deposition. Therefore, NBP may be a potential drug for neurodegenerative diseases, and it is particularly important to identify the mechanism of NBP as it may assist with the development of new drugs for neurodegeneration. The present review summarizes the neuroprotective mechanisms of NBP and discusses new perspectives and prospects. The aim of the current review is to provide a new summary regarding NBP and its associated mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rixin Luo
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Runqi Wangqin
- Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Lihong Zhu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Wei Bi
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China.,Clinical Neuroscience Institute of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
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19
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Kheiri G, Dolatshahi M, Rahmani F, Rezaei N. Role of p38/MAPKs in Alzheimer's disease: implications for amyloid beta toxicity targeted therapy. Rev Neurosci 2019; 30:9-30. [PMID: 29804103 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2018-0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A myriad of environmental and genetic factors, as well as the physiologic process of aging, contribute to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. Neuroinflammation is and has been a focus of interest, as a common gateway for initiation of many of the underlying pathologies of AD. Amyloid beta (Aβ) toxicity, increasing RAGE expression, tau hyperphosphorylation, induction of apoptosis, and deregulated autophagy are among other mechanisms, partly entangled and being explained by activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and MAPK signaling. p38 MAPK is the most essential regulator of Aβ induced toxicity from this family. p38 induces NF-κB activation, glutamate excitotoxicity, and disruption of synaptic plasticity, which are other implications of all justifying the p38 MAPK as a potential target to break the vicious Aβ toxicity cycle. Until recently, many in vivo and in vitro studies have investigated the effects of p38 MAPK inhibitors in AD. The pyridinyl imidazole compounds SB202190 and SB203580 have shown promising anti-apoptotic results in vivo. MW108 inhibits activation of p38 and is able to postpone cognitive decline in animal models. The PD169316, with anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and anti-apoptotic features, has improved spatial memory in vivo. Natural compounds from Camellia sinensis (green tea), polyphenols from olive oil, pinocembrin from propolis, and the puerarine extract isoflavones, have shown strong anti-apoptotic features, mediated by p38 MAPK inhibition. Use of these drug targets is limited due to central nervous system side effects or cross-reactivity with other kinases, predicting the low efficacy of these drugs in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazaleh Kheiri
- Student's Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 1416753955 Tehran, Iran.,NeuroImaging Network (NIN), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), 19166 Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Dolatshahi
- Student's Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 1416753955 Tehran, Iran.,NeuroImaging Network (NIN), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), 19166 Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Rahmani
- Student's Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 1416753955 Tehran, Iran.,NeuroImaging Network (NIN), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), 19166 Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- NeuroImaging Network (NIN), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), 19166 Tehran, Iran.,Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Dr. Qarib St, Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran 14194, Iran
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20
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Chen Y, Wu T, Li H, Li X, Li Q, Zhu X, Yu M, Kuo SH, Huang F, Wu YC. Dl-3- n-Butylphthalide Exerts Dopaminergic Neuroprotection Through Inhibition of Neuroinflammation. Front Aging Neurosci 2019; 11:44. [PMID: 30873019 PMCID: PMC6403182 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2019.00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation contributes to multiple neurodegenerative disorders, including PD. Therefore, the regulation of microglial activation probably has the therapeutic potential. This study is aimed to determine whether NBP could suppress microglial activation and protect dopaminergic neurons from excessive neuroinflammation. In the present study, MPTP-induced PD model was established to explore the neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effect of NBP. We assessed motor deficits, dopaminergic neurodegeneration and microglial activation in PD mice. In vitro, the anti-inflammatory activity of NBP was confirmed by cell viability assay of SH-SY5Y cells after being treated with conditioned medium from LPS-stimulated BV-2 cells and from 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium iodide (MPP+)-stimulated BV-2 cells. The expression of pro-inflammatory molecules was determined by RT-PCR, Western Blot and ELISA assay. The generation of NO and ROS were also assessed. The involvement of signaling pathways such as MAPK, NF-κB, and PI3k/Akt were further investigated by Western Blot and immunofluorescence assay. The neuroprotective effect of NBP was demonstrated in vivo as shown by the improvement of dopaminergic neurodegeneration, motor deficits and microglial activation in MPTP-induced mouse model of PD. The expression of pro-inflammatory mediators was also reduced by NBP administration. In vitro, NBP also protected dopaminergic neurons from neurotoxicity induced by activated microglia. NBP pretreatment not only reduced pro-inflammatory molecules, but also suppressed NO release and ROS generation in BV-2 cells. Further mechanism research suggested that the inactivation of MAPK, NF-κB and PI3K/Akt may involve in anti-neuroinflammation role of NBP. In conclusion, our results revealed that NBP exerted dopaminergic neuroprotection through inhibition of microglia-mediated neuroinflammation, suggesting the promising therapeutic effect of NBP for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Chen
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingting Wu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Heng Li
- Department of Neurology, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xuan Li
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, The Institutes of Brain Science and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mei Yu
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, The Institutes of Brain Science and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sheng-Han Kuo
- Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Fang Huang
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, The Institutes of Brain Science and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun-Cheng Wu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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21
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Zhang P, Xu R, Guo Y, Qin J, Dai Y, Liu N, Wu C. DL-3-n-butylphthalide promotes dendrite development in cortical neurons subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion. Cell Biol Int 2018; 42:1041-1049. [PMID: 29696738 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- Affiliated Bayi Brain Hospital; The PLA Army General Hospital; Beijing 100700 China
| | - Ruxiang Xu
- Affiliated Bayi Brain Hospital; The PLA Army General Hospital; Beijing 100700 China
| | - Yang Guo
- Department of Neurology; Zhujiang Hospital; Guangzhou 510282 China
| | - Jiazhen Qin
- Affiliated Bayi Brain Hospital; The PLA Army General Hospital; Beijing 100700 China
| | - Yiwu Dai
- Affiliated Bayi Brain Hospital; The PLA Army General Hospital; Beijing 100700 China
| | - Ning Liu
- Affiliated Bayi Brain Hospital; The PLA Army General Hospital; Beijing 100700 China
| | - Cuiying Wu
- Affiliated Bayi Brain Hospital; The PLA Army General Hospital; Beijing 100700 China
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