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Paternal UPD14 with sSMC derived from chromosome 14 in Kagami-Ogata syndrome. CHROMOSOME RESEARCH : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON THE MOLECULAR, SUPRAMOLECULAR AND EVOLUTIONARY ASPECTS OF CHROMOSOME BIOLOGY 2023; 31:1. [PMID: 36656404 DOI: 10.1007/s10577-023-09712-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Manju HC, Bevinakoppamath S, Bhat D, Prashant A, Kadandale JS, Sairam PVVG. Supernumerary derivative 22 chromosome resulting from novel constitutional non-Robertsonian translocation: t(20;22)-Case Report. Mol Cytogenet 2022; 15:14. [PMID: 35346304 PMCID: PMC8962060 DOI: 10.1186/s13039-022-00591-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Maternal non-Robertsonian translocation-t(20;22)(q13;q11.2) between chromosomes 20 and 22resulting in an additional complex small supernumerary marker chromosome as derivative (22)inherited to the proband is not been reported yet.
Case presentation A 4 years old boy with a history of developmental delay, low set ears, and facial dysmorphism was presented to the genetic clinic. Periauricular pit, downward slanting eyes, medially flared eyebrows, downturned mouth corners, and micrognathia were observed. He had congenital heart defect with atrial septal defect (ASD), ventricular septal defect (VSD), and central nervous system (CNS) anomalies with the gross cranium. Karyotype analysis, Fluorescent in-situ hybridization analysis (FISH), and Chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) were used to determine the chromosomal origin and segmental composition of the derivative 22 chromosome. Karyotype and FISH analyses were performed to confirm the presence of a supernumerary chromosome, and Microarray analysis was performed to rule out copy number variations in the proband's 22q11.2q12 band point. The probands' karyotype revealed the inherited der(22)t(20;22)(q13;q11.2)dmat. Parental karyotype confirmed the mother as the carrier, with balanced non-Robertsonian translocation-46,XX,t(20;22)(q13;q11.2). Conclusion The mother had a non-Robertsonian translocation t(20;22)(q13;q11.2) between chromosomes 20 and 22, which resulted in Emanuel syndrome in the proband. The most plausible explanation is 3:1 meiotic malsegregation, which results in the child inheriting derivative chromosome. The parental karyotype study aided in identifying the carrier of the supernumerary der(22), allowing future pregnancies with abnormal offspring to be avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Manju
- Department of Medical Genetics, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
| | - Supriya Bevinakoppamath
- Department of Medical Genetics, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
| | - Deepa Bhat
- Department of Anatomy, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India.,Center for Medical Genetics & Counseling, JSS Hospital, Mysuru, India.,Special Interest Group - Human Genomics & Rare Disorders, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
| | - Akila Prashant
- Center for Medical Genetics & Counseling, JSS Hospital, Mysuru, India.,Special Interest Group - Human Genomics & Rare Disorders, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India.,Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
| | | | - P V V Gowri Sairam
- Department of Medical Genetics, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India. .,Center for Medical Genetics & Counseling, JSS Hospital, Mysuru, India. .,Special Interest Group - Human Genomics & Rare Disorders, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India.
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Liu J, He Z, Lin S, Wang Y, Huang L, Huang X, Luo Y. Absence of heterozygosity detected by single-nucleotide polymorphism array in prenatal diagnosis. ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2021; 57:314-323. [PMID: 31840905 DOI: 10.1002/uog.21951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the general occurrence and clinical significance of absence of heterozygosity (AOH), detected by single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array on prenatal diagnosis. METHODS We recruited pregnancies undergoing invasive prenatal diagnosis at our fetal medicine center over a 6-year period. All fetuses underwent SNP array using the Affymetrix CytoScan HD array platform. AOH was defined as a chromosomal homozygosity segment with neutral copy number. Cases with AOH over 10 Mb in size or with suspected pathogenicity were further analyzed, and the clinical features and outcome were reviewed. RESULTS Of 10 294 recruited fetuses, 100 (0.97%) with AOH were identified; in 81 (81.0%) of these, AOH occurred in a single chromosome, while 19 (19.0%) patients had multiple AOHs in different chromosomes. AOH was observed in all chromosomes, chromosomes X, 2 and 16 being the most frequently involved. The length of AOH ranged from partial chromosome (9.002-80.222 Mb) to the entire chromosome. Similar AOH regions displayed varied clinical manifestations. In total, 55 patients presented with concomitant ultrasound abnormalities, the most common being multiple abnormalities (14/55 (25.5%)), genitourinary malformations (8/55 (14.5%)), skeletal malformations (5/55 (9.1%)) and small-for-gestational age (5/55 (9.1%)). Notably, the rate of adverse perinatal outcome (including termination of pregnancy, neonatal death, fetal death, selective reduction and miscarriage) in fetuses with AOH and ultrasound abnormalities (30/48 (62.5%)) was higher than in those without ultrasound abnormalities (6/40 (15.0%)) (P < 0.001). Further non-invasive prenatal testing using cell-free fetal DNA from maternal blood indicated chromosomal copy number abnormalities in 11 patients; however, they were confirmed as AOH by SNP array of the amniotic fluid. CONCLUSIONS Genetic counseling regarding a prenatal diagnosis of AOH remains challenging. To evaluate comprehensively its significance, we propose a management strategy involving further serial ultrasound examinations, parental verification, whole-exome sequencing, placental study and effective follow-up. Copyright © 2019 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Liu
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Z He
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - S Lin
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - L Huang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - X Huang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Luo
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Confirmation of Paternity despite Three Genetic Incompatibilities at Chromosome 2. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12010062. [PMID: 33406744 PMCID: PMC7824413 DOI: 10.3390/genes12010062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA testing in cases of disputed paternity is a routine analysis carried out in genetic laboratories. The purpose of the test is to demonstrate similarities and differences in analyzed genetic markers between the alleged father, mother, and a child. The existence of differences in the examined loci between the child and the presumed father may indicate the exclusion of biological parenthood. However, another reason for such differences is genetic mutations, including chromosome aberrations and genome mutations. The presented results relate to genetic analyses carried out on three persons for the purposes of disputed paternity testing. A deviation from inheritance based on Mendel’s Law was found in 7 out of 53 STR-type loci examined. All polymorphic loci that ruled out the paternity of the alleged father were located on chromosome 2. Additional analysis of 32 insertion–deletion markers (DIPplex, Qiagen) and sequencing of 94 polymorphic positions of the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) type (Illumina, ForenSeq) did not exclude the defendant’s biological paternity. A sequence analysis of STR alleles and their flanking regions confirmed the hypothesis that the alleles on chromosome 2 of the child may originate only from the mother. The results of the tests did not allow exclusion of the paternity of the alleged father, but are an example of uniparental maternal disomy, which is briefly described in the literature.
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Prenatal Detection of Uniparental Disomies (UPD): Intended and Incidental Finding in the Era of Next Generation Genomics. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11121454. [PMID: 33287348 PMCID: PMC7761756 DOI: 10.3390/genes11121454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Prenatal detection of uniparental disomy (UPD) is a methodological challenge, and a positive testing result requires comprehensive considerations on the clinical consequences as well as ethical issues. Whereas prenatal testing for UPD in families which are prone to UPD formation (e.g., in case of chromosomal variants, imprinting disorders) is often embedded in genetic counselling, the incidental identification of UPD is often more difficult to manage. With the increasing application of high-resolution test systems enabling the identification of UPD, an increase in pregnancies with incidental detection of UPD can be expected. This paper will cover the current knowledge on uniparental disomies, their clinical consequences with focus on prenatal testing, genetic aspects and predispositions, genetic counselling, as well as methods (conventional tests and high-throughput assays).
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Geng Q, Cui X, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Zhang C, Wang K, Chen J, Zhu Q, Xie J, Xu Z, Liu Y, Zhang M, Ding L, Zhang W, Yang C. Screening of triploid with low-coverage whole-genome sequencing by a single-nucleotide polymorphism-based test in miscarriage tissue. J Assist Reprod Genet 2019; 36:2525-2531. [PMID: 31720905 PMCID: PMC6910887 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-019-01588-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To establish a single-nucleotide polymorphism-based analysis (SBA) method to identify triploidy in the miscarriage tissue by using low-coverage whole-genome sequencing (LC-WGS). METHODS The method was established by fitting a quadratic curve model by counting the distribution of three heterozygous mutation content intervals. The triploid test result was mainly determined by the opening direction and the axis of symmetry of the quadratic curve, and Z test between the same batch samples was also used for auxiliary judgment. RESULTS Two hundred thirteen diploid samples and 8 triploid samples were used for establishment of the analytical method and 203 unknown samples were used for blind testing. In the blind testing, we found 2 cases positive for triploidy. After chromosome microarray analysis (CMA) and mass spectrometry verification, we found that both samples were true positives. We randomly selected 5 samples from the negative samples for mass spectrometry verification, and the results showed that these samples were all true negatives. CONCLUSIONS Our method achieved accurate detection of triploidy in the miscarriage tissue and has the potential to detect more chromosomal abnormality types such as uniparental disomy (UPD) using a single LC-WGS approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Geng
- Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoli Cui
- CheerLand Precision Biomed Co.,Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yaqi Zhang
- CheerLand Precision Biomed Co.,Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- CheerLand Precision Biomed Co.,Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Cai Zhang
- CheerLand Precision Biomed Co.,Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Kai Wang
- CheerLand Precision Biomed Co.,Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianguo Chen
- CheerLand Precision Biomed Co.,Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Qingyan Zhu
- CheerLand Precision Biomed Co.,Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiansheng Xie
- Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhiyong Xu
- Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - MengMeng Zhang
- CheerLand Precision Biomed Co.,Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Lijie Ding
- CheerLand Precision Biomed Co.,Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenyong Zhang
- Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.,Southern University of Science and Technology-CheerLand Institute of Precision Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong Sheng, China
| | - Chuanchun Yang
- CheerLand Precision Biomed Co.,Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
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