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Guo M, Wang Z, Wang S, Wang J, Jiang Q. Investigation of risk factors associated with impaired glucose regulation: Using the momentum equation to assess the impact of risk factors on community residents. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1145847. [PMID: 36998481 PMCID: PMC10043464 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1145847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify risk factors for impaired glucose regulation (IGR) and assess their impact on community residents, this study used a questionnaire to conduct cross-sectional surveys and analysis. METHODS Overall, 774 residents of an urban community in northern China (Jian city) participated in this study. Trained investigators conducted surveys using questionnaires. Based on their medical history, respondents were divided into three glucose status groups as follows: normal (NGT), IGR, and diabetes mellitus (DM). Statistical analysis of survey data was performed using SPSS v. 22.0. RESULTS Age, hypertension, family history of diabetes (FHD), dyslipidemia, obesity, and cardiovascular and cerebral disease (CVD) were positively correlated with IGR in men and women. IGR was negatively correlated with a sedentary lifestyle in men and positively correlated with being overweight in women. The number of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) risk factors per subject was positively correlated with age in the NGT group. Glucose status deteriorated with increasing age and the number of risk factors. FHD was the strongest risk factor in both men and women. CONCLUSIONS Prevention of IGR includes weight control, physical activity, and prevention of hypertension and dyslipidemia, especially in subjects with FHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqian Guo
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jinan Central Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shumei Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jinju Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qiang Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinan Central Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
- *Correspondence: Qiang Jiang,
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Chen WL, Sheu WHH, Li YH, Wang JS, Lee WJ, Liang KW, Lee WL, Lee IT. Newly diagnosed diabetes based on an oral glucose tolerance test predicts cardiovascular outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease: An observational study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e29557. [PMID: 35839026 PMCID: PMC11132382 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000029557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is prevalent in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Using the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), abnormal glucose regulation can be detected early in CAD patients without known diabetes. In the present study, we assessed the impact of abnormal glucose regulation on the long-term cardiovascular outcomes of patients with established CAD. Patients hospitalized for a scheduled angiography due to angina were enrolled in Taichung Veterans General Hospital. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and 2-hour postload glucose (2hPG) were assessed using the OGTT. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and other biochemical analyses were assessed using fasting blood samples. During a median follow-up period of 4.6 years, a composite of all-cause mortality, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and nonfatal stroke was recorded as the primary endpoint. In 682 enrolled patients who completed the follow-up, there were 16 myocardial infarction events, 12 stroke events, and 58 deaths as composite endpoints. According to FPG and 2hPG, patients with newly diagnosed diabetes had a 2-fold higher risk for the composite endpoint than those in the normal glucose group (hazard ratio [HR], 2.011; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.101-3.673; P = .023); however, prediabetes was not significantly associated with the composite endpoint (HR, 1.452; 95% CI, 0.788-2.675; P = .232). On the other hand, patients with diabetes diagnosed by FPG and HbA1c did not have a significantly higher risk for the composite endpoint than those in the normal glucose group (HR, 1.321; 95% CI, 0.686-2.545; P = .405). A 2hPG ≥7.8 mmol/L was a significant predictor for the composite endpoint (odds ratio, 1.743; 95% CI, 1.060-2.863; P = .028) after adjusting for age, sex, and estimated glomerular filtration rate. Diabetes, but not prediabetes, detected via OGTT is associated with a significantly increased risk for the composite endpoint in patients with established CAD. The 2hPG provided a greater predictive power for the composite endpoint than fasting glucose and HbA1c.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Lin Chen
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wayne Huey-Herng Sheu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Li
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Computer Science & Information Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jun-Sing Wang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jane Lee
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kae-Woei Liang
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Cardiovascular Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Lieng Lee
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Cardiovascular Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - I-Te Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Prediabetes predicts adverse cardiovascular outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention: a meta-analysis. Biosci Rep 2020; 40:221383. [PMID: 31793983 PMCID: PMC6946623 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20193130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Prediabetes has been related with increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the prognostic efficacy of prediabetes for patients receiving percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remains undetermined. We aimed to quantitatively evaluate the influence of diabetes on the risks of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) after PCI in a meta-analysis. Methods: Longitudinal follow-up studies evaluating the association between prediabetes and risks of MACEs and mortality after PCI were identified by search of PubMed and Embase databases. A random-effect model was applied to pool the results. Subgroup analyses were performed to evaluate the impacts of study characteristics on the outcome. Results: Twelve follow-up studies including 10,048 patients that underwent PCI were included. Compared with patients with normoglycemia at admission, those with prediabetes were had significantly higher risk MACEs during follow-up (adjusted risk ratio [RR]: 1.53, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.25–1.87, P < 0.001). Further subgroup analyses indicated that the association between prediabetes and higher risk of MACEs remained regardless of the study design, sample size, CAD subtype, PCI type, definition of diabetes, or follow-up duration. Moreover, patients with prediabetes had higher significantly risk of MACEs in studies with adjustment of coronary lesion severity (RR: 1.79, P < 0.001), but the association became insignificant in studies without adjustment of the coronary lesion severity (RR: 1.23, P = 0.09). Conclusions: Prediabetes is independently associated with increased risk of MACEs after PCI as compared with those with normoglycemia, even in studies with adjustment of coronary severity.
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Ewid M, Sherif H, Billah SMB, Saquib N, AlEnazy W, Ragab O, Enabi S, Rajab T, Awad Z, Abazid R. Glycated hemoglobin predicts coronary artery disease in non-diabetic adults. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2019; 19:309. [PMID: 31864310 PMCID: PMC6925462 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-019-01302-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Due to increased CAD risk factors in Saudi Arabia, research on more feasible and predictive biomarkers is needed. We aimed to evaluate glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) as a predictor of CAD in low-risk profile non-diabetic patients living in the Al Qassim region of Saudi Arabia. METHODS Thirty-eight patients with no history of CAD were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. They provided demographic data, and their HbA1c estimation followed the National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program parameters. All patients underwent coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) for evaluation of chest pain. The extent of coronary artery stenosis (CAS) was quantified as percentage for each patient based on plaques detected in CCTA. RESULTS Mean blood pressure of the patients was (91.2 ± 11.9 mmHg), BMI (28.3 ± 5.8 kg/m2), serum cholesterol level (174 ± 33.1 mg/dl), and HbA1c levels (mean 5.7 ± 0.45, median 5.7 and range 4.7-6.4%). Eighteen patients showed no CAS (47.4%), 12 showed minimal stenosis (31.6%), 3 showed mild stenosis (7.9%), 3 showed moderate stenosis (7.9%) and 2 showed severe stenosis (5.3%). A moderate correlation was detected between HbA1c and CAS percentages (r = 0.47, p < 0.05) as well as between HbA1c and the number of affected coronary vessels (r = 0.53, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Glycated hemoglobin can be used as a predictive biomarker for CAD in non-diabetic low-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Ewid
- College of Medicine, Sulaiman Al Rajhi Colleges, P.O. Box 777, Al Bukayriah, Qassim 51941, Saudi Arabia
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562 Egypt
| | - Hossam Sherif
- College of Medicine, Sulaiman Al Rajhi Colleges, P.O. Box 777, Al Bukayriah, Qassim 51941, Saudi Arabia
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Critical Care, Kasr A. Ainy St, Cairo, 11562 Egypt
| | | | - Nazmus Saquib
- College of Medicine, Sulaiman Al Rajhi Colleges, P.O. Box 777, Al Bukayriah, Qassim 51941, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wael AlEnazy
- College of Medicine, Sulaiman Al Rajhi Colleges, P.O. Box 777, Al Bukayriah, Qassim 51941, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omer Ragab
- College of Medicine, Sulaiman Al Rajhi Colleges, P.O. Box 777, Al Bukayriah, Qassim 51941, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saed Enabi
- College of Medicine, Sulaiman Al Rajhi Colleges, P.O. Box 777, Al Bukayriah, Qassim 51941, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tawfik Rajab
- College of Medicine, Sulaiman Al Rajhi Colleges, P.O. Box 777, Al Bukayriah, Qassim 51941, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zaki Awad
- Prince Sultan Cardiac Center, Ministry of Health, Al Qassim, Qassim 52366, Buraydah, 7430 An Naziyah Saudi Arabia
| | - Rami Abazid
- Prince Sultan Cardiac Center, Ministry of Health, Al Qassim, Qassim 52366, Buraydah, 7430 An Naziyah Saudi Arabia
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, London Health Sciences Center, 800 Commissioners Road East, PO Box 5010, London, ON N6A 5W9 Canada
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Abnormal glucose regulation in Chinese patients with coronary artery disease: A cross-sectional study: Erratum. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e0024. [PMID: 29465541 PMCID: PMC5841969 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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