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Ramírez Gallegos I, Marina Arroyo M, López-González ÁA, Vicente-Herrero MT, Vallejos D, Sastre-Alzamora T, Ramírez-Manent JI. The Effect of a Program to Improve Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet on Cardiometabolic Parameters in 7034 Spanish Workers. Nutrients 2024; 16:1082. [PMID: 38613115 PMCID: PMC11013770 DOI: 10.3390/nu16071082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular and metabolic diseases include a large group of pathologies and constitute one of the most serious chronic health problems facing the 21st century, with high rates of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Unhealthy diets influence the development of these pathologies. The Mediterranean diet can be an important part in the treatment of these diseases. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of a program that aims to increase adherence to the Mediterranean diet on the improvement of different cardiometabolic risk parameters. METHODS A prospective intervention study was carried out on 7034 Spanish workers. Prior to the intervention, 22 cardiometabolic risk scales were evaluated. Participants in this study were informed both orally and in writing of the characteristics and benefits of the Mediterranean diet and were given the website of the Ministry of Health, Consumption and Social Welfare of Spain, which provides advice on nutrition. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was reinforced by sending a monthly SMS to their mobile phones. After six months of follow-up, the 22 risk scales were re-evaluated to assess changes. Means and standard deviations were calculated using Student's t test to analyse quantitative variables. Prevalence was calculated using the Chi-square test when the variables were qualitative. RESULTS All the cardiometabolic risk scales studied decreased after implementing a program to improve and enhance adherence to the Mediterranean diet. The number of losses in the sample was very low, standing at 4.31%. CONCLUSIONS The Mediterranean diet is effective in reducing all cardiovascular risk scales evaluated. The mean values and prevalence of high values of the different cardiometabolic risk scales analysed led to lower values after the implementation of the program to increase adherence to the Mediterranean diet. We observed a significant positive difference in metabolic age in both sexes. We have obtained a significant improvement in the insulin resistance index, especially in the SPISE-IR index, data that we have not found in previous publications. Easy access to the Internet and new information and communication technologies facilitate adherence to a diet and can reduce the number of losses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Ramírez Gallegos
- Investigation Group ADEMA SALUD, University Institute for Research in Health Sciences (IUNICS), 07010 Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain; (I.R.G.); (M.M.A.); (M.T.V.-H.); (D.V.); (T.S.-A.); (J.I.R.-M.)
| | - Marta Marina Arroyo
- Investigation Group ADEMA SALUD, University Institute for Research in Health Sciences (IUNICS), 07010 Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain; (I.R.G.); (M.M.A.); (M.T.V.-H.); (D.V.); (T.S.-A.); (J.I.R.-M.)
| | - Ángel Arturo López-González
- Investigation Group ADEMA SALUD, University Institute for Research in Health Sciences (IUNICS), 07010 Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain; (I.R.G.); (M.M.A.); (M.T.V.-H.); (D.V.); (T.S.-A.); (J.I.R.-M.)
- Faculty of Dentistry, University School ADEMA, 07010 Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària de les Illes Balears (IDISBA), Balearic Islands Health Research Institute Foundation, 07010 Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain
- Balearic Islands Health Service, 07010 Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Maria Teófila Vicente-Herrero
- Investigation Group ADEMA SALUD, University Institute for Research in Health Sciences (IUNICS), 07010 Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain; (I.R.G.); (M.M.A.); (M.T.V.-H.); (D.V.); (T.S.-A.); (J.I.R.-M.)
| | - Daniela Vallejos
- Investigation Group ADEMA SALUD, University Institute for Research in Health Sciences (IUNICS), 07010 Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain; (I.R.G.); (M.M.A.); (M.T.V.-H.); (D.V.); (T.S.-A.); (J.I.R.-M.)
| | - Tomás Sastre-Alzamora
- Investigation Group ADEMA SALUD, University Institute for Research in Health Sciences (IUNICS), 07010 Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain; (I.R.G.); (M.M.A.); (M.T.V.-H.); (D.V.); (T.S.-A.); (J.I.R.-M.)
| | - José Ignacio Ramírez-Manent
- Investigation Group ADEMA SALUD, University Institute for Research in Health Sciences (IUNICS), 07010 Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain; (I.R.G.); (M.M.A.); (M.T.V.-H.); (D.V.); (T.S.-A.); (J.I.R.-M.)
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària de les Illes Balears (IDISBA), Balearic Islands Health Research Institute Foundation, 07010 Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain
- Balearic Islands Health Service, 07010 Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, University of the Balearic Islands, 07010 Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain
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Agraib LM, Al-Shami I, Alkhatib B, Al-Dalaeen AM. Do macronutrient intakes affect obesity indices in Jordanian adults? Am J Hum Biol 2023; 35:e23970. [PMID: 37506187 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether macronutrient intake is associated with novel obesity indices, including the conicity index (CI), body adiposity index (BAI), abdominal volume index (AVI), body roundness index (BRI), and weight-adjusted-waist index (WWI). METHODOLOGY A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 491 adults (344 males and 147 females) working at different universities in Jordan (July-December 2019). Daily intake of energy (kcal), carbohydrates (g), protein (g), and fat (g) was obtained using 24-h recalls collected over 2 days. Additionally, obesity indices were calculated. RESULTS Regardless of sex, energy, and carbohydrate intakes had a moderately significant positive association, whereas protein and fat intakes had a weakly significant association with BAI, AVI, and BRI. CI and WWI showed a weakly significant association with all macronutrients in males, a moderate correlation with energy and carbohydrate intake, and a weak association with fat and protein intake in females. Male participants had significant increases in the CI (T1 = 1.29 ± 0.01 vs. T3 = 1.36 ± 0.01, p = .018), AVI (T1 = 17.96 ± 0.52 vs. T3 = 22.81 ± 0.57, p = .011), and WWI (T1 = 10.72 ± 0.11 vs. T3 = 11.29 ± 0.09, p = .047) indices scores through the carbohydrate intake tertiles. Additionally, there was a significant increase in scores of AVI (T1 = 18.60 ± 0.56 vs. T3 = 21.42 ± 0.46, p = .048) and an almost significant increase in CI (T1 = 1.30 ± 0.01vs. T3 = 1.33 ± 0.01, p = .056) through the tertiles of protein intake. CONCLUSION Macronutrients were significantly associated with all indices. The effect of macronutrients on obesity indices is sex-based. Among men, CI, AVI, and WWI were the indices most affected by carbohydrate and protein intakes. Future studies should further investigate food sources and macronutrient quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lana M Agraib
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Jerash University, Jerash, Jordan
| | - Islam Al-Shami
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Buthaina Alkhatib
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Anfal M Al-Dalaeen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
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Nilaweera KN, Cotter PD. Can dietary proteins selectively reduce either the visceral or subcutaneous adipose tissues? Obes Rev 2023; 24:e13613. [PMID: 37548066 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
There is a considerable appeal for interventions that can selectively reduce either the visceral or subcutaneous white adipose tissues in humans and other species because of their associated impact on outcomes related to metabolic health. Here, we reviewed the data related to the specificity of five interventions to affect the two depots in humans and rodents. The interventions relate to the use of dietary proteins, monounsaturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, calorie restriction, or bariatric surgery. The available data show that calorie restriction and bariatric surgery reduce both visceral and subcutaneous tissues, whereas there is no consistency in the effect of monounsaturated or polyunsaturated fatty acids. Dietary proteins, more specifically, whey proteins show efficacy to reduce one or both depots based on how the proteins interact with other macronutrients in the diet. We provide evidence that this specificity is related to changes in the composition and the functional potential of the gut microbiota and the resulting metabolites produced by these microorganisms. The effect of the sex of the host is also discussed. This knowledge may help to develop nutritional approaches to deplete either the visceral or subcutaneous adipose tissues and improve metabolic health in humans and other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanishka N Nilaweera
- Food Biosciences Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Fermoy, County Cork, Ireland
- VistaMilk Research Centre, Teagasc, Fermoy, County Cork, Ireland
| | - Paul D Cotter
- Food Biosciences Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Fermoy, County Cork, Ireland
- VistaMilk Research Centre, Teagasc, Fermoy, County Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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Gholami F, Karimi Z, Samadi M, Sovied N, Yekaninejad MS, Keshavarz SA, Javdan G, Bahrampour N, Wong A, Clark CCT, Mirzaei K. The association between dietary pattern and visceral adiposity index, triglyceride-glucose index, inflammation, and body composition among Iranian overweight and obese women. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13162. [PMID: 37574495 PMCID: PMC10423716 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39653-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between dietary patterns, derived through latent class analysis (LCA), with visceral adiposity index (VAI), Triglyceride-Glucose Index (TyG), inflammation biomarkers, and body composition in overweight and obese Iranian women. For this cross-sectional study, dietary exposure was assessed using a validated 147-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Dietary patterns were derived through LCA. Binary logistic was performed to test the associations of dietary patterns with VAI, TyG, inflammation biomarkers, and body composition. Health centers in Tehran, Iran. 376 obese and overweight women, aged > 18 years. Two dietary patterns were identified using LCA modeling: healthy and unhealthy. Women in the unhealthy class were characterized by higher consumption of fast food, sweetened beverages, grains, unhealthy oils, butter and margarine, and snacks. Compared with the healthy class, the unhealthy class was associated with an increased risk of higher fasting blood sugar (FBS) (OR = 6.07; 95% CI: 1.33-27.74, P value = 0.02), c-reactive protein (CRP) (OR = 1.72; 95% CI: 1.05-2.80; P value = 0.02), and lower fat free mass index (FFMI) (OR = 0.56; 95% CI: 0.35-0.88, P value = 0.01), after adjusting for confounders. We found that adherence to an unhealthy dietary pattern was associated with decreased FFMI and increased FBS and CRP using LCA, but not with the rest of the variables. Further studies should be conducted to confirm the veracity of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Gholami
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box: 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Karimi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Samadi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box: 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Sovied
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box: 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mir Saeid Yekaninejad
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Ali Keshavarz
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamali Javdan
- Food Health Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Niki Bahrampour
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University (SRBIAU), Tehran, Iran
| | - Alexei Wong
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Marymount University, Arlington, VA, USA
| | - Cain C T Clark
- Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK
| | - Khadijeh Mirzaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box: 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran.
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Karimi M, Shiraseb F, Mofidi M, Khadem A, Ebrahimi S, Mirzaei K. The association between dietary diabetic risk reduction score with anthropometric and body composition variables in overweight and obese women: a cross-sectional study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8130. [PMID: 37208390 PMCID: PMC10199095 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33375-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary diabetes risk reduction score (DDRRs) is inversely associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes. Given the importance of the association between body fat and insulin resistance and the effect of diet on these parameters, this study aimed to investigate the association between DDRRS and body composition parameters, including the visceral adiposity index (VAI), lipid accumulation product (LAP), and skeletal muscle mass (SMM). This study was conducted on 291 overweight and obese women aged 18-48 years old recruited from 20 Tehran Health Centers in 2018. The anthropometric indices, biochemical parameters, and body composition were measured. A semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to calculate DDRRs. Linear regression analysis was used to examine the association between DDRRs and body composition indicators. The mean (SD) age of participants was 36.67 (9.10) years. After adjustment for potential confounders, VAI (β = 0.27, 95% CI = - 0.73, 1.27, Ptrend = 0.052), LAP (β = 8.14, 95% CI = - 10.54, 26.82, Ptrend = 0.069), TF (β = - 1.41, 95% CI = 11.45, 17.30, Ptrend = 0.027), trunk fat percent (TF%) (β = - 21.55, 95% CI = - 44.51, 1.61, Ptrend = 0.074), body fat mass (BFM) (β = - 3.26, 95% CI = - 6.08, - 0.44, Ptrend = 0.026), visceral fat area (VFA) (β = - 45.75, 95% CI = - 86.10, - 5.41, Ptrend = 0.026), waist-to-hip ratio (WHtR) (β = - 0.014, 95% CI = - 0.031, 0.004, Ptrend = 0.066), visceral fat level (VFL) (β = - 0.38, 95% CI = - 5.89, 5.12, Ptrend = 0.064), fat mass index (FMI) (β = - 1.15, 95% CI = - 2.28, - 0.02, Ptrend = 0.048) decreased significantly over tertiles of DDRRs, and also there was no significant association between SMM and DDRRs tertiles (β = - 0.57, 95% CI = - 1.69, 0.53, Ptrend = 0.322). The findings of this study demonstrated that participants with higher adherence to the DDRRs had lower VAI (β = 0.78 vs 0.27) and LAP (β = 20.73 vs 8.14). However, there was no significant association between DDRRs and VAI, LAP and SMM, which are mentioned as the primary outcomes. Future studies with larger sample of both genders are needed to investigate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Karimi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Farideh Shiraseb
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box: 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Mofidi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box: 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Khadem
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Ebrahimi
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Khadijeh Mirzaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box: 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran.
- Food Microbiology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Association of low-carbohydrate diet score and carbohydrate quality with visceral adiposity and lipid accumulation product. Br J Nutr 2023; 129:843-853. [PMID: 35570588 DOI: 10.1017/s000711452200143x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The present study examined the association between low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) score, glycemic index (GI), and glycemic load (GL) with visceral fat level (VFL) and lipid accumulation product (LAP). This cross-sectional study was conducted on 270 adults (118 men and 152 women) aged between 18-45 living in Tehran, Iran, between February 2017 and December 2018. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Body composition were also assessed. We used analyses of covariance and binary logistic regression to explore associations after controlling for age, energy intake (model 1), education, smoking status, physical activity, occupation, marriage and metabolic diseases. There were no significant differences between tertiles of GI, GL and LCD for means of anthropometric measures, LAP and VFL index in men, while women in the highest tertile of GI and GL had significantly higher mean LAP in the crude model (P = 0·02) and model 1(P = 0·04), which disappeared after controlling for other confounders (P = 0·12). Moreover, the OR and CIs for having high LAP and VFL was not associated with dietary GI, GL and LCD in crude and adjusted models. However, chance of high VFL reduced by 65% and 57% among women with high adherence to LCD score (OR = 0·35, 95% CI = 0·16-0·78, P = 0·01) and model 1 (OR = 0·43, 95% CI = 0·18-1, P = 0·05), respectively. However, this significant association disappeared after controlling for other confounders (P = 0·07). Overall, we found carbohydrate quality and LCD score are not associated with LAP and VFL index. However, gender-specific relationship should not be neglect and warrants further investigation.
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Sebastiani G, Paisible N, Costiniuk C, Cox J, Kablawi D, Klein MB, Kronfli N, Routy JP, Falutz J, Lebouché B, Guaraldi G. The Relationship between Visceral Adiposity and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Diagnosed by Controlled Attenuation Parameter in People with HIV: A Pilot Study. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12112590. [PMID: 36359434 PMCID: PMC9689790 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12112590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Fat alterations are frequent in people with HIV (PWH) and predict worse cardiometabolic outcomes. Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is associated with ectopic fat accumulation in the liver. We aimed to investigate nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) diagnosed by controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) as a potential marker of visceral adiposity in PWH. Methods: We conducted a prospective pilot study of HIV mono-infected patients undergoing metabolic characterization and paired CAP measured by transient elastography with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan. NAFLD was defined as CAP ≥ 285 dB/m, in absence of alcohol abuse. Excess visceral adiposity was defined as VAT > 1.32 Kg. Pairwise correlation, area under the curve (AUC) and logistic regression analysis were employed to study the association between VAT and CAP. Results: Thirty patients were included, of whom 50% had NAFLD. CAP was correlated with VAT (r = 0.650, p < 0.001) measured by DEXA scan. After adjusting for duration of HIV infection, body mass index and waist circumference, CAP remained the only independent predictor of excess VAT (adjusted odds ratio 1.05, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01−1.10). The AUC analysis determined CAP had excellent performance to diagnose excess VAT (AUC 0.92, 95% CI 0.81−1.00), higher than BMI and waist circumference. The optimized CAP cut-off to diagnose excess VAT was 266 dB/m, with a sensitivity of 88.3% and a specificity of 84.6%. Conclusions: NAFLD diagnosed by CAP is associated with VAT in PWH independently of anthropometric measures of obesity. CAP may be a potential diagnostic marker of visceral adiposity in the practice of HIV medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Sebastiani
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A3J1, Canada
- Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A3J1, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-514-843-1616
| | - Nathalie Paisible
- Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A3J1, Canada
| | - Cecilia Costiniuk
- Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A3J1, Canada
| | - Joseph Cox
- Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A3J1, Canada
| | - Dana Kablawi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A3J1, Canada
| | - Marina B. Klein
- Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A3J1, Canada
| | - Nadine Kronfli
- Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A3J1, Canada
| | - Jean-Pierre Routy
- Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A3J1, Canada
| | - Julian Falutz
- Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A3J1, Canada
| | - Bertrand Lebouché
- Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A3J1, Canada
- Department of Family Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A3J1, Canada
| | - Giovanni Guaraldi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41100 Modena, Italy
- Modena HIV Metabolic Clinic, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, 41100 Modena, Italy
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Souza LACE, Lima AA. Anthropometric, biochemical and clinical parameters in climacteric yoga practitioners. Climacteric 2022; 25:293-299. [PMID: 34423699 DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2021.1965115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate anthropometric, biochemical and clinical parameters in climacteric yoga practitioners. METHODS This study investigated 108 climacteric women. We recruited 28 women between 40 and 65 years old who started yoga practices in premenopause and had already practiced for at least 5 years. As controls, we selected 30 physical activity (PA) practitioners who had practiced for at least 5 years and 50 sedentary women in the same age range. We conduced anthropometric, biochemical and blood pressure measurements. RESULTS The yoga group had significantly lower fasting blood glucose than the PA practitioners and sedentary women. Yoga practitioners also had lower weight, body mass index, waist circumference, body fat percentage and waist-to-height ratio; higher levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; lower levels of triglycerides, insulin, Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance, uric acid, apolipoprotein B and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; and lower frequency of metabolic syndrome, lipid accumulation product, visceral adiposity index and systolic blood pressure than the sedentary women. CONCLUSION Yoga practitioners had lower glucose serum concentrations than the PA practitioners and sedentary women. Overall, the yoga group also had better anthropometric, biochemical and clinical variables than the other groups. Although further investigation is required, yoga practice in premenopause seems to be beneficial for women when they reach menopause.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Cota E Souza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (CiPharma), Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - A A Lima
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (CiPharma), Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas (DEACL), Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
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Ferguson CC, Knol LL, Ellis AC. Visceral adiposity index and its association with Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet scores among older adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2011-2014. Clin Nutr 2021; 40:4085-4089. [PMID: 33640204 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The visceral adiposity index (VAI) has been shown to be a reliable estimate of visceral adiposity, but little is known about its association with specific dietary patterns such as the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet, particularly in older adults. Many studies have shown the DASH diet to be beneficial for cardiometabolic health. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between DASH diet scores and the VAI in older adults using a nationally representative dataset. METHODS Using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) from 2011 to 2014, data from 508 community-dwelling older adults were examined, and dietary intake was evaluated using the Dixon's DASH diet index. Using multiple linear regression analysis, the relationship between VAI and DASH diet score was assessed while controlling for demographic variables. RESULTS Participants' average DASH diet score was 2.41 (SE = 0.07), and the average VAI was 1.55 (SE = 0.08). The results suggest a significant inverse relationship between the DASH diet and VAI (β = -0.19, t = -2.73, p = 0.009). CONCLUSIONS Results of this study suggest that protective properties of the DASH diet pattern may be due in part to its inverse relationship with visceral adiposity. This information supports practitioners' use of the VAI with older adults in addition to providing nutrition counseling with the DASH diet to reduce patients' cardiometabolic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine C Ferguson
- Department of Human Nutrition and Hospitality Management, The University of Alabama, Box 870311, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, United States.
| | - Linda L Knol
- Department of Human Nutrition and Hospitality Management, The University of Alabama, Box 870311, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, United States.
| | - Amy C Ellis
- Department of Human Nutrition and Hospitality Management, The University of Alabama, Box 870311, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, United States.
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El-Kafrawy NAF, Atta AELBM, Abdelsattar S, Zewain SKED. Serum selenoprotein P in lean and obese Egyptian individuals and its relation to insulin resistance. ALEXANDRIA JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/20905068.2021.1876288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- N. A. F. El-Kafrawy
- Faculty of Medicine, Professor of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Menoufia University, Egypt
| | - Azza EL-Bastawisy M Atta
- Internal medicine department, Resident of Internal Medicine, El Mahalla General Hospital, Gharbia, Egypt
| | - Shimaa Abdelsattar
- clinical biochemistryand molecular diagnostics department, Lecturer of Clinical Biochemistry and Molecular Diagnostics -national Liver Institute - Menoufia University, Egypt
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Greater Dietary Inflammatory Index score is associated with higher likelihood of chronic kidney disease. Br J Nutr 2019; 120:204-209. [PMID: 29947319 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114518001071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is described as a progressive alteration of kidney function, resulting from multiple factors, including behaviours. We investigated the association of the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®) with prevalent CKD in adult Americans. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey participants with measured data on kidney function markers from 2005 to 2012 were included in this study. Prevalent CKD was based on an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 ml/min per 1·73 m2 or urinary albumin/creatinine≥30 mg/g. Energy-adjusted DII (E-DIITM) scores were calculated from 24-h dietary recalls. Statistical analyses accounted for the survey design and sample weights. We included 21 649 participants, with 1634 (6·8 %) having prevalent CKD. Participants with high E-DII scores had greater BMI, fasting blood glucose and systolic blood pressure, and were more likely to be diabetic or hypertensive (all P<0·001) compared with those with lower E-DII scores. In regression models adjusted for age, sex, race, fasting blood glucose, blood pressure, BMI, hypertension and diabetes status, mean eGFR significantly decreased across increasing quartiles of E-DII, whereas serum uric acid level and log urinary albumin:creatinine ratio significantly increased (all P<0·001). Prevalent CKD increased from 5·3 % in the lowest to 9·3 % in the highest E-DII quartile (P=0·02). In multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models, the odds of prevalent CKD were 29 % higher in the highest compared with the lowest E-DII quartile. Pro-inflammatory diet is associated with declining kidney function and high prevalence of CKD. Dietary changes that reduce inflammation have a potential to prevent CKD.
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Mazidi M, Katsiki N, Kengne AP, Mikhailidis DP, Banach M. Adiposity mediates the association between whole grain consumption, glucose homeostasis and insulin resistance: findings from the US NHANES. Lipids Health Dis 2018; 17:219. [PMID: 30223829 PMCID: PMC6142682 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-018-0805-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Growing evidence suggests an inverse association between whole grain (WG) consumption and insulin resistance (IR) or inflammation. However, it is still unclear whether adiposity plays a role in this relationship. We investigated whether the associations between WG intake with IR, glucose homeostasis and inflammation are mediated by adiposity in US adults. Methods The 2005–2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys participants were included. WG intake was assessed and markers of IR and glucose homeostasis, inflammation, general and central adiposity. Analysis of co-variance and mediation analysis were applied, while accounting for survey design. Results Overall 16,621 participants were included in this analysis (mean age = 47.1 years, 48.3% men). After adjustment for age, gender, and race, mean C-reactive protein (CRP), apolipoprotein B (apo-B), fasting blood glucose (FBG), insulin, homeostatic model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR) and β cell function (HOMA-β), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and 2 h glucose after an oral glucose tolerance test decreased with increasing quarters of WG (all p < 0.001). Body mass index (BMI) had significant mediation effects on the associations between WG intake and CRP, apo-B, fasting glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, HOMA-B, HbA1c, triglyceride to high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (TG:HDL-C) ratio and triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index (all p < 0.05) after adjustment for age, gender, race/ethnicity, educational status, smoking and level of physical activity. Both waist circumference (WC) and anthropometrically predicted visceral adipose tissue (apVAT) mediated the association between WG intakes with CRP, FBG, HbA1c, TG:HDL-C ratio and TyG index, i.e. WC and apVAT had indirect effect (all p < 0.05). Conclusion Our findings provide insights into the favourable impact of WG consumption on IR and inflammation, which may be affected by both central and visceral adiposity, i.e. the link between WG with IR and inflammation is more mediated in overweight/obese compared with lean individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Mazidi
- Key State Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology,Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, People's Republic of China.
| | - Niki Katsiki
- Second Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Andre Pascal Kengne
- Non-Communicable Disease Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council and University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Dimitri P Mikhailidis
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Royal Free Campus, University College London Medical School, University College London (UCL), London, UK
| | - Maciej Banach
- Department of Hypertension, Chair of Nephrology and Hypertension, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.,Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), Lodz, Poland.,Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Zielona Gora, Zielona Gora, Poland
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