XRCC1 polymorphism and overall survival in ovarian cancer patients treated with platinum-based chemotherapy: A systematic review and MOOSE-compliant meta-analysis

Association between XRCC1 Arg399Gln polymorphism with prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas: A meta-analysis

Objective

The X-ray repair cross complementing group 1 (XRCC1) gene is involved in DNA repair. Defects in DNA repair may lead to head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs). Several researches have focused on relationship between XRCC1 Arg399Gln genetic polymorphism with HNSCC's prognosis with conflicting results. So, the aim of the present meta-analysis was evaluation of relationship between XRCC1 Arg399Gln polymorphism with HNSCC's prognosis.

Methods

Published articles up to July 2022 were systematically searched through international databases like PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, etc. I2 test was applied to assess the heterogeneity. Data were analyzed using random effects model. Funnel plots and Egger test were applied for assessing publication biases. The hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for evaluation of relationship between the polymorphism with HNSCC's prognosis.

Results

Fifteen articles were included for the systematic review. Six of those articles were considered for inclusion in meta-analysis. The different forms of XRCC1 Arg399Gln polymorphism had not significant association with overall survival (OS) under varied genetic models (heterozygous: Ln (HR) = 0.02, 95 % CI= (-0.33,0.37), p-value = 0.90; homozygous: Ln (HR) = 0.33, 95 % CI= (-0.03,0.69), p-value = 0.07 and dominant: Ln (HR) = 0.06, 95 % CI = (-0.17,0.28), p-value = 0.62). Analysis showed that variants of the polymorphism had no significant relationship with OS in Asian and Caucasian ethnicity under dominant model (Ln (HR) = 0.14, 95 % CI= (-0.13,0.40), p-value = 0.31; Ln (HR) = -0.01, 95 % CI= (-0.41,0.38), p-value = 0.96).

Conclusion

Different forms of XRCC1 Arg399Gln polymorphism had no significant relationship with HNSCC's prognosis under varied genetic models and based on different ethnicity.

Prognostic Value of Two Polymorphisms, rs1045642 and rs1128503, in ABCB1 Following Taxane-based Chemotherapy: A Meta-Analysis

Objective:

Genetic polymorphisms can influence the chemotherapeutic response; however, previous studies have produced conflicting results, and have failed to identify the most relevant polymorphisms for predicting the response to treatment in patients with cancer. The present meta-analysis was conducted to determine the correlation between two polymorphisms (rs1045642 and rs1128503) in ATP-binding cassette transporter B subfamily member 1 (ABCB1), which is associated with multidrug resistance, and the survival of patients treated with taxane-containing chemotherapy.

Methods:

Several databases, including PubMed and Embase, were used to retrieve articles evaluating the association between the ABCB1 rs1045642 and rs1128503 polymorphisms and survival, published prior to August 2019. The meta-analysis was conducted using R software to determine the pooled hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs).

Results:

Fifteen studies involving 3320 patients were included in the meta-analysis. The effect of the rs1128503 polymorphism on progression-free survival remained significant in the heterozygote (HR 0.81; 95% CI: 0.67–0.98) and homozygote (HR 0.71; 95% CI: 0.58–0.88) models. The TT genotype rs1128503 was associated with better overall survival (HR 0.72; 95% CI: 0.53–0.97).

Conclusion:

Carriers of the rs1128503 T allele of ABCB1 showed a survival benefit after taxane-containing chemotherapy.

DNA Repair and Ovarian Carcinogenesis: Impact on Risk, Prognosis and Therapy Outcome

There is ample evidence for the essential involvement of DNA repair and DNA damage response in the onset of solid malignancies, including ovarian cancer. Indeed, high-penetrance germline mutations in DNA repair genes are important players in familial cancers: BRCA1, BRCA2 mutations or mismatch repair, and polymerase deficiency in colorectal, breast, and ovarian cancers. Recently, some molecular hallmarks (e.g., TP53, KRAS, BRAF, RAD51C/D or PTEN mutations) of ovarian carcinomas were identified. The manuscript overviews the role of DNA repair machinery in ovarian cancer, its risk, prognosis, and therapy outcome. We have attempted to expose molecular hallmarks of ovarian cancer with a focus on DNA repair system and scrutinized genetic, epigenetic, functional, and protein alterations in individual DNA repair pathways (homologous recombination, non-homologous end-joining, DNA mismatch repair, base- and nucleotide-excision repair, and direct repair). We suggest that lack of knowledge particularly in non-homologous end joining repair pathway and the interplay between DNA repair pathways needs to be confronted. The most important genes of the DNA repair system are emphasized and their targeting in ovarian cancer will deserve further attention. The function of those genes, as well as the functional status of the entire DNA repair pathways, should be investigated in detail in the near future.

A Comprehensive Evaluation of the Association between Polymorphisms in XRCC1, ERCC2, and XRCC3 and Prognosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Meta-Analysis

Purpose

Associations between XRCC1, XRCC3, and ERCC2 gene polymorphism and prognosis have been investigated in several cancers. The aim of this meta-analysis was to assess the prognostic value of XRCC1, XRCC3, and ERCC2 gene polymorphism in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods

A systematic literature search was performed to identify relevant studies in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane library up to December 2018. The prognostic values of XRCC1, XRCC3, and ERCC2 polymorphisms in HCC were estimated using crude HRs with 95% CIs.

Results

Ten studies involving 2687 patients were included in the quantitative analysis. There were no statistically significant associations between XRCC1 rs1799782 C>T, XRCC1 rs25487 G>A, and ERCC2 rs1799793 G>A polymorphisms and overall survival (OS). OS was significantly longer for the ERCC2 rs13181 CC genotype than for AA (CC vs. AA: HR = 0.33, 95% CI = 0.15-0.72). A significantly lower OS was observed for patients with the CT genotype compared with the CC genotype at XRCC3 rs861539 (CT vs. CC: HR = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.11-2.42).

Conclusion

The ERCC2 rs13181 A>C polymorphism and XRCC3 rs861539 C>T polymorphism may be predictive markers for prognosis in patients with HCC. Well-designed studies with larger sample sizes are needed to verify our findings.