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Tian W, Zhu G, Xiao W, Gao B, Lu W, Wang Y. Stroke burden and attributable risk factors in China, 1990-2019. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1193056. [PMID: 37292127 PMCID: PMC10245554 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1193056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose Understanding the temporal trends of stroke burden and its attributable risk factors are essential for targeted prevention strategies. We aimed to describe the temporal trends and attributable risk factors of stroke in China. Methods Data on the stroke burden [incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs)] and the population-attributable fraction for stroke risk factors from 1990 to 2019 were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 (GBD 2019). We analyzed trends in the burden of stroke and its attributable risk factors from 1990 to 2019, and the characteristics of stroke-attributable risk factors by sex, age group, and stroke subtype. Results From 1990 to 2019, the age-standardized incidence, mortality, and DALY rates for total stroke decreased by 9.3% (3.3, 15.5), 39.8% (28.6, 50.7), and 41.6% (30.7, 50.9) respectively. The corresponding indicators all decreased for intracerebral hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage. The age-standardized incidence rate of ischemic stroke increased by 39.5% (33.5 to 46.2) for male patients and by 31.4% (24.7 to 37.7) for female patients, and the age-standardized mortality and DALY rates remained almost unchanged. The three leading stroke risk factors were high systolic blood pressure, ambient particulate matter pollution, and smoking. High systolic blood pressure has remained the leading risk factor since 1990. The attributable risk of ambient particulate matter pollution shows a clear upward trend. Smoking and alcohol consumption were important risk factors for men. Conclusion This study reinforced the findings of an increased stroke burden in China. Precise stroke prevention strategies are needed to reduce the disease burden of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Tian
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Tianjin Medical University, Heping District, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Heping District, Tianjin, China
- Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Heping District, Tianjin, China
| | - Guanghan Zhu
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Tianjin Medical University, Heping District, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Heping District, Tianjin, China
- Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Heping District, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenbo Xiao
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Tianjin Medical University, Heping District, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Heping District, Tianjin, China
- Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Heping District, Tianjin, China
| | - Bei Gao
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Tianjin Medical University, Heping District, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Heping District, Tianjin, China
- Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Heping District, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenli Lu
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Tianjin Medical University, Heping District, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Heping District, Tianjin, China
- Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Heping District, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Tianjin Medical University, Heping District, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Heping District, Tianjin, China
- Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Heping District, Tianjin, China
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Qi W, Ma J, Guan T, Zhao D, Abu‐Hanna A, Schut M, Chao B, Wang L, Liu Y. Risk Factors for Incident Stroke and Its Subtypes in China: A Prospective Study. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e016352. [PMID: 33103569 PMCID: PMC7763402 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.016352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Background Managing risk factors is crucial to prevent stroke. However, few cohort studies have evaluated socioeconomic factors together with conventional factors affecting incident stroke and its subtypes in China. Methods and Results A 2014 to 2016 prospective study from the China National Stroke Screening and Intervention Program comprised 437 318 adults aged ≥40 years without stroke at baseline. There were 2429 cases of first‐ever stroke during a median follow‐up period of 2.1 years, including 2206 ischemic strokes and 237 hemorrhagic strokes. The multivariable Cox regression analysis indicated that age 50 to 59 years (versus 40–49 years), primary school or no formal education (versus middle school), having >1 child (versus 1 child), living in Northeast, Central, East, or North China (versus Southwest China), physical inactivity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and obesity were positively associated with the risk of total and ischemic stroke, whereas age 60 to 69 years and living with spouse or children (versus living alone) were negatively associated with the risk of total and ischemic stroke. Men, vegetable‐based diet, underweight, physical inactivity, hypertension, living in a high‐income region, having Urban Resident Basic Medical Insurance, and New Rural Cooperative Medical System were positively associated with the risk of hemorrhagic stroke, whereas age 60 to 69 years was negatively associated with the risk of hemorrhagic stroke. Conclusions We identified socioeconomic factors that complement traditional risk factors for incident stroke and its subtypes, allowing targeting these factors to reduce stroke burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwei Qi
- School of Health Policy and ManagementChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
- Tianjin Institute of CardiologySecond Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
- Department of Medical InformaticsAmsterdam UMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Jing Ma
- Brigham & Women’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA
| | - Tianjia Guan
- School of Health Policy and ManagementChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Dongsheng Zhao
- Information CenterAcademy of Military Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Ameen Abu‐Hanna
- Department of Medical InformaticsAmsterdam UMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Martijn Schut
- Department of Medical InformaticsAmsterdam UMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Baohua Chao
- National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of ChinaBeijingChina
| | - Longde Wang
- School of Public HealthPeking University Health Science CenterBeijingPeople’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanli Liu
- School of Health Policy and ManagementChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
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Zhang S, Zhou C, Liu D, Piao Y, Zhang F, Hu J, Ma Z, Wei Z, Zhu W, Lv M. Is smoking a risk factor for bleeding in adult men with cerebral arteriovenous malformations? A single-center regression study from China. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2020; 29:105084. [PMID: 32807480 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2020.105084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess whether smoking increases the risk of bleeding in patients with cerebral arteriovenous malformations (CAVM). MATERIAL AND METHODS According to our research plan, 385 CAVM patients admitted to Beijing Tiantan Hospital from December 2015 to January 2018 were included in this study, including 210 bleeding patients and 175 non-bleeding patients. We divided patients into three subgroups of current smokers, ex-smokers (those who quit smoking for one year or more) and non-smokers. The relationship between smoking and the risk of CAVM rupture was assessed by univariate and multivariate regression analysis. RESULTS Multivariate regression analysis showed that there was a statistically significant difference between current smoker and non-smoker (OR = 1.87, p = 0.019). Among the covariates of the multivariate regression analysis, the location, combined with blood flow-related intracranial aneurysms and size were related to the risk of CAVM bleeding. CONCLUSION Current smoking may increase the risk of CAVM bleeding; however, there was no significant correlation between ex-smoking and CAVM bleeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Jingmei Group General Hospital, Beijing 102300, PR China
| | - Chenguang Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, PR China
| | - Dong Liu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China National Clinical Research Centre for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Yongjun Piao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Jingmei Group General Hospital, Beijing 102300, PR China
| | - Fuqiang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Jingmei Group General Hospital, Beijing 102300, PR China
| | - Jie Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Jingmei Group General Hospital, Beijing 102300, PR China
| | - Zongqian Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Jingmei Group General Hospital, Beijing 102300, PR China
| | - Zhanyang Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Jingmei Group General Hospital, Beijing 102300, PR China
| | - Weisheng Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Jingmei Group General Hospital, Beijing 102300, PR China.
| | - Ming Lv
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute and Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, PR China.
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The Factors Associated with the Fatal Outcome of Stroke. SERBIAN JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.2478/sjecr-2019-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The aim of this study is to determine the risk factors associated with the fatal outcome of stroke. The research was designed as observational, non-interventional study, conducted by the type of case series, and it included 290 patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of stroke at Neurology Clinic of the Clinical Center Kragujevac during the observed period from 01/02/2013 to 31/01/2014. The data used for the research were: documentation of Neurology Clinic of the Clinical Center Kragujevac, documentation of the Institute of Public Health Kragujevac and patients’ questionnaires. The results of univariate binary logistic regression pointed out a relevant connection between the fatal outcome of stroke and age (p˂ 0.0001), gender (p˂ 0.0001), the severity of the disease (p = 0.002), smoking (p = 0.021), care for the parents’ health (p = 0.018), the concern about business problems (p = 0.018), while the influence of antidepressants was indicative (p = 0.066), whereas using the multivariate binary logistic regression, it was concluded that age (OR=1.096; 95% CI=1.059-1.134; p<0.001), the severity of the disease (OR=4.324; 95% CI=1.256-14.885; p=0.020) and the use of antidepressants (OR=5.578; 95% CI=1.178-26.423; p=0.030) were factors independently associated with the mortality rate. These findings suggest that it would be useful to carry out additional comprehensive research about all potential risk factors for the occurrence of stroke, and also to establish all the steps that can be taken in order to identify and detect risk factors, their elimination or reduction, and, accordingly, to take aggressive measures of primary and secondary prevention.
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