Correlation analysis between depression and family fitness in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease inpatients: A cross-sectional study

Risk Factors for Depression in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Depression, anxiety, and panic disorders are common in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and important for the further course of the disease, as they are associated with increased hospital admissions, longer hospital stays, more frequent doctor visits, and a worsened quality of life. There are also indications of premature death in affected patients. Therefore, knowledge of the risk factors for depression in COPD patients is all the more important for early detection and treatment. Hence, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and the MEDLINE/PubMed databases were analyzed for studies on these risk factors. The main factors are as follows: female gender; older/younger age; living alone; higher education; unemployment; retirement; a low quality of life; social isolation; high/low income; high cigarette and alcohol consumption; poor physical fitness; severe respiratory symptoms; high/low body mass index, airway obstruction, dyspnea, exercise capacity index scores; and comorbidities (mainly heart disease, cancer, diabetes, and stroke). This article presents the analyzed medical literature.

Peroneus longus tendon autograft has functional outcomes comparable to hamstring tendon autograft for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a systematic review and meta-analysis

PURPOSE

This review aimed to assess whether peroneus longus tendon (PLT) autograft would have comparable functional outcomes and graft survival rates when compared to hamstring tendon (HT) autograft for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.

METHODS

PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Ovid (MEDICINE), and EMBASE databases were queried for original articles from clinical studies including the keywords: ACL reconstruction and PLT autograft. Studies comparing PLT autograft versus HT autograft were included in this analysis and the following data were extracted from studies meeting the inclusion criteria: graft diameter, functional outcomes (Tegner activity scale, Lysholm score, and International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) subjective score), knee laxity (Lachman test), and complications (donor site pain or paresthesia, graft failure). Besides, the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) scale and the Foot and Ankle Disability Index (FADI) pre-operation and at last follow-up were also compared among patients using PLT autograft. Meta-analysis was applied using Review Manager 5.3 and p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS

Twenty-three studies including 925 patients with ACL reconstruction met inclusion criteria. Of these, 5 studies included a direct comparison of PLT autograft (164 patients) versus HT autograft (174 patients). No significant difference was observed between PLT and HT autografts for Tegner activity scale, Lachman test, donor site pain, or graft failure. However, PLT groups demonstrated better Lysholm score (mean difference between PLT and HT groups, 1.55; 95% CI 0.20-2.89; p = 0.02) and IKDC subjective score (mean difference between PLT and HT groups, 3.24; 95% CI 0.29-6.19; p = 0.03). No difference of FADI was found (n.s.) but AOFAS was slightly decreased at last post-operative follow-up for patients with PLT autograft compared with pre-operative scores (mean difference of 0.31, 95% CI 0.07-0.54, p = 0.01).

CONCLUSION

PLT autograft demonstrated comparable functional outcomes and graft survival rates compared with HT autograft for ACL reconstruction. However, a slight decrease in AOFAS score should be considered during surgical planning. Hence, the PLT is a suitable autograft harvested outside the knee for ACL reconstruction to avoid the complication of quadriceps-hamstring imbalance which can occur when harvesting autografts from the knee.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE

Level II.

Funcionalidade da família dos pacientes com doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica

RESUMO A doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica (DPOC) é altamente limitante, tanto nos aspectos físicos, quanto socioemocionais, causando dificuldades significativas no cotidiano dos pacientes. Além de afetar os pacientes, a DPOC também influência na vida dos familiares e amigos próximos, pois deles vem a rede de apoio de que os pacientes necessitam. O objetivo deste artigo é avaliar a funcionalidade da família no cotidiano de pacientes acometidos por DPOC. É um estudo transversal que avaliou a funcionalidade de família de pacientes com DPOC em diferentes estágios da doença e que realizam Programa Reabilitação Cardiorrespiratória (PRC). Utilizou-se o instrumento APGAR de Família, sendo este, um acrônimo caracterizado por A = (Adaptation/Adaptação), P = (Partnership/Companheirismo), G = (Grow/Desenvolvimento), A = (Affection/Afetividade), R = (Resolve/Capacidade resolutiva), composto por 5 questões avaliadas em “sempre”, “algumas vezes” e “nunca”, o que somados resultam em “elevada disfunção familiar”, moderada disfunção familiar” e “boa funcionalidade familiar”. Foram avaliados 21 pacientes DPOC [sexo masculino (n=11; 52,3%); idade média 66,3±10 anos], com estadiamento entre moderado a muito severo. Através do APGAR da Família identificamos 2 pacientes com elevada disfunção familiar; 2 pacientes com moderada disfunção familiar; 17 pacientes com boa funcionalidade familiar. Dos que relataram elevada e moderada disfunção familiar, os acrômios mais comprometidos foram “companheirismo”, “afetividade” e “desenvolvimentos”. O grau de obstrução das vias áreas associou-se moderada e positivamente com a funcionalidade da família (r = 0,697; p = 0,004). Pacientes com DPOC participantes do PRC apresentaram boa funcionalidade familiar no seu cotidiano e a gravidade da doença esteve associada a esta funcionalidade. Pacientes que apresentaram maior disfunção familiar relataram falta de “companheirismo”, “afetividade” e “desenvolvimentos”.