Zusanli (ST36) acupoint injection for acute diarrhea in children under 5 years old: A protocol of systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials

Moxibustion improved the effect of fecal microbiota transplantation donor to dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is beneficial for several gastrointestinal diseases because it alters the intestinal microbiota of recipients. The efficacy of FMT is related to the microbial structure and composition of the donor. Mild moxibustion is a non-invasive and safe traditional Chinese therapy that can regulate the gut microbiota. In this study, we investigated whether moxibustion improved the efficacy of FMT in donors using a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model. Normal mice were treated with mild moxibustion at acupoints ST25 and ST36 for 7 days. DSS (2%) was administered for 7 days to induce colitis. FMT was performed on Day 8 and lasted for 7 days. The effect of FMT on mice with DSS was observed on Day 21. Using hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunofluorescence, we analyzed the pathology and cell proliferation after FMT in DSS mice. In addition, using 16 S rDNA sequencing analysis, we investigated the gut microbiota of mice. The results indicated that moxibustion altered the colonic microbial community and increased the relative abundance of specific bacteria without changes in morphology and physiological function in normal mice. FMT using donors with moxibustion reduced body weight loss, inflammation, abnormal microbial community structure, and the relative abundance of some bacteria. These results provide potential strategies for the safe and targeted improvement of FMT donors.

Efficacy of montmorillonite and vitamin AD combined with zinc preparation in children with diarrheal disease and its effect on inflammatory factors

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the effect of montmorillonite and vitamin AD combined with zinc preparation in children with diarrheal disease and its effect on inflammatory factors.

METHODS

A total of 156 children with diarrheal diseases admitted to our hospital from January 2018 to January 2020 were enrolled and divided into two groups (n=78 for each) using random number table. The control group (CG) was treated with montmorillonite, and the observation group (OG) was additionally treated with vitamin AD and zinc. Both groups completed 7 d of treatment and 3 months of follow-up to compare the efficacy rate, time to onset of symptom relief, inflammatory factor levels, T-lymphocyte levels, adverse drug reactions, and relapse rate.

RESULTS

The efficacy rate of 7 d treatment in the OG was 94.87%, higher than that of 56.41% in the CG (P < 0.05). After intervention, the OG had normal frequency of defecation, shorter time for stool to return to normal appearance, shorter duration of antiemetic, antipyretic, antidiarrheal treatment and shorter hospital stay than those of the CG (P < 0.05). The OG exhibited lower levels of CRP, TNF-α, NO, and PCT and higher levels of SOD than the CG (P < 0.05). The OG had lower levels CD3⁺ and CD4⁺ at 7 d after treatment, lower CD8⁺ levels and higher CD4⁺/CD8⁺ levels than the CG (P < 0.05). The relapse rate at 6 months after treatment in the OG was lower than that in the CG (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

The combination of montmorillonite, vitamin AD and zinc preparation can achieve higher short-time efficacy, shorten the time of disappearance of symptoms, reduce the level of inflammatory factors, and improve the level of T-lymphocytes, without increasing the incidence of adverse drug reactions.

Neiguan (PC6)-based acupuncture pretreatment for myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury: A protocol for preclinical systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND

Myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (MIRI) is 1 of the leading causes of disability and mortality worldwide in the cardiovascular diseases. Acupuncture has been widely applied in the treatment and prevention of cardiovascular diseases in recent years. This systematic review protocol aims to provide the methods for evaluating the efficacy of Neiguan (PC6)-based acupuncture pretreatment in animal models of MIRI.

METHODS AND ANALYSIS

The electronic databases of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, as well as the Chinese databases such as China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database, China Biology Medicine Database and WanFang Database will be searched from inception to November 2019. The outcome measures were myocardial infarct size, the level of ST-segment elevation, left ventricular ejection fraction, shortening fraction, arrhythmia score, cardiac enzymes, and cardiac troponin. Study inclusion, data extraction and quality assessment will be performed independently by 2 reviewers. RevMan 5.3 software will be used for the data synthesis and the quality of each study will be assessed independently by using the Collaborative Approach To Meta-Analysis And Review Of Animal Data From Experimental Studies checklist with minor modification.

RESULTS

This review will provide a high-quality synthesis of Neiguan (PC6)-based acupuncture pretreatment for MIRI in animal models CONCLUSIONS:: This systematic review will provide conclusive evidence for whether Neiguan (PC6)-based acupuncture pretreatment is an effective intervention in animal models of MIRI.

TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER

PROSPERO CRD42020175144.

Regulation of Cl- Electrolyte Permeability in Epithelia by Active Traditional Chinese Medicine Monomers for Diarrhea

The epithelial layer, lining the inner surface of the mammalian alveolar, kidney, brain and colon, is a typical electrolyte transporting tissue. Large quantities of salt and fluid are actively moved from the mucosal side toward the blood vessel. Transepithelial salt re-absorption in epithelial tissues plays an important role in maintaining fluid homeostasis. In absorptive epithelium, fluid and salt flux is controlled by the machinery mainly composed of epithelial sodium channel, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator, Na+-K+-2Cl- cotransporter, Na+/H+ exchanger, and Na+/K+-ATPase. Dysregulation of salt permeability across epithelium contributes to the pathogenesis of organ edema. In numerous ion transporters, epithelial Cl- transportation plays an important role in water secretion across epithelial tissues and regulation of body fluid content. Many traditional Chinese medicines treat diarrhea by regulating the Cl- electrolyte transport. We systematically summarized the recent progress regarding the traditional Chinese medicine on Cl- electrolyte transport in the intestinal epithelial tissues. The pharmaceutical relevance of developing advanced strategies to mitigate edematous disorders is also implicated. In conclusion, the crosstalk between Cl- electrolyte transport and active traditional Chinese medicine monomers may lead to the development of new strategies for diarrhea by manipulating the function and expression of ion channels.

Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines in Postoperative Abdominal Adhesion

Adhesion is a frequent complication after abdominal surgery. Although various methods have been applied to prevent and treat postoperative abdominal adhesion (PAA), few modern drugs designed for clinical applications have reached the expected preventive or therapeutic effect so far. There is an imperative to develop some new strategies for the treatment of PAA. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been widely practiced for thousands of years and played an indispensable role in the prevention and treatment of diseases. Modern medicine researchers have accepted the therapeutic effects of many active components derived from Chinese medicinal herbs. The review stresses the most commonly used TCM treatment, including Chinese medicinal herbals and monomers, TCM formulas, and acupuncture treatment.