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Lee W, Cheah CS, Suhaini SA, Azidin AH, Khoo MS, Ismail NAS, Ali A. Clinical Manifestations and Laboratory Findings of Kawasaki Disease: Beyond the Classic Diagnostic Features. Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 58:medicina58060734. [PMID: 35743997 PMCID: PMC9227912 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58060734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Kawasaki disease (KD) has shown a marked increase in trend over the globe, especially within the last two decades. Kawasaki disease is often seen in the paediatric population below five years old, while it is rare for those who are beyond that age. Up to this date, no exact causes has been identified although KD was found more than half a century ago. The underlying pathogenesis of the disease is still unelucidated, and researchers are trying to unlock the mystery of KD. To further complicate the diagnosis and the prompt management, a specific biomarker for the diagnosis of KD is yet to be discovered, making it hard to differentiate between KD and other diseases with a similar presentation. Nonetheless, since its discovery, clinicians and scientists alike had known more about the different clinical aspects of typical KD. Thus, this article intends to revisit and review the various clinical manifestations and laboratory characteristics of KD in order to guide the diagnosis of KD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy Lee
- Department of Pediatric, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (W.L.); (C.S.C.); (S.A.S.); (A.H.A.)
| | - Chooi San Cheah
- Department of Pediatric, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (W.L.); (C.S.C.); (S.A.S.); (A.H.A.)
| | - Siti Aisyah Suhaini
- Department of Pediatric, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (W.L.); (C.S.C.); (S.A.S.); (A.H.A.)
| | - Abdullah Harith Azidin
- Department of Pediatric, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (W.L.); (C.S.C.); (S.A.S.); (A.H.A.)
| | - Mohammad Shukri Khoo
- Department of Pediatric, Hospital Wanita dan Kanak Kanak Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88996, Malaysia;
| | - Noor Akmal Shareela Ismail
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
| | - Adli Ali
- Department of Pediatric, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (W.L.); (C.S.C.); (S.A.S.); (A.H.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +603-91748510
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