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Rastegar-Moghaddam SH, Akbarian M, Rajabian A, Alipour F, Ebrahimzadeh bideskan A, Hosseini M. Vitamin D alleviates hypothyroidism associated liver dysfunction: Histological and biochemical evidence. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18860. [PMID: 37593614 PMCID: PMC10428045 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a complex correlation between thyroid hormones (THs) and liver function. Hypothyroidism as a failure of the thyroid gland to produce adequate thyroid hormones to fulfill the metabolic requirements of the body, may perturb liver structure and function. Emerging evidence suggests the protective effects of vitamin D against liver damage. Herein, this study aimed to investigate the role of vitamin D in hypothyroidism-associated liver injury. Forty male Wistar rats were classified into 4 groups: control, hypothyroid (Hypo) group received 0.05% PTU, Hypo- Vitamin D groups were given 100 and 500 IU/kg vitamin D orally via gavage for 6 weeks. Serum level of liver function including alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were measured. Malondialdehyde (MDA) level, superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activity, and total thiol content were measured as oxidative stress indicators in the liver tissue. Furthermore, to estimate liver tissue fibrosis, Masson's trichrome staining was done. Our findings showed that hypothyroidism-induced liver fibrosis was associated with increased levels of ALT, AST and ALP. Though, vitamin D administration could significantly reduce the ALT, AST and ALP in the serum and suppress the accumulation of collagen fibers. Moreover, the activity of SOD and total thiol content was notably reduced, while the MDA content was significantly increased in the PTU- induced hypothyroid rats compared to the control group. Nonetheless, treatment with vitamin D improved mentioned oxidative stress markers in the Hypo-vitamin D groups. In conclusion, vitamin D due to its potential antioxidant and anti-fibrotic properties could be effective in the decrease of hypothyroidism-associated liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Hamidreza Rastegar-Moghaddam
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahsan Akbarian
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Arezoo Rajabian
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Alipour
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Alireza Ebrahimzadeh bideskan
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Hosseini
- Division of Neurocognitive Sciences, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Megahed A, Gadalla H, Abdelhamid FM, Almehmadi SJ, Khan AA, Albukhari TA, Risha EF. Vitamin D Ameliorates the Hepatic Oxidative Damage and Fibrotic Effect Caused by Thioacetamide in Rats. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020424. [PMID: 36830960 PMCID: PMC9953330 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D3 (VD3) is a sunshine hormone that regulates cellular proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis related to liver parenchyma. We used a thioacetamide (TAA)-induced hepatic fibrosis rat model in our study to investigate the beneficial roles of VD3 to overcome extensive liver fibrosis. Randomly, four equal groups (eight rats per group) underwent therapy for eight successive weeks: a control group, a group treated with TAA 100 mg/kg BW IP every other day, a group treated with VD3 1000 IU/kg BW IM every day, and a TAA+VD group treated with both therapies. Treatment with VD3 after TAA-induced hepatic fibrosis was found to alleviate elevated liver function measures by decreasing ALT, AST, and ALP activity; decreasing total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels; and increasing glucose and 25[OH]D3. Rats treated with VD3 showed marked decreases in MDA and increased SOD, CAT, and GSH levels. In addition, CD34 and FGF23 gene expressions were reduced after dual therapy. Liver sections from the TAA+VD group showed markedly decreased hepatic lesions, and Masson's trichrome stain showed a marked decrease in dense bluish-stained fibrous tissue. The immunohistochemical expression of TGF-β and α-SMA showed markedly decreased positive brown cytoplasmic expression in a few hepatocytes, clarifying the antifibrotic effect of VD3 in hepatic fibrosis. In conclusion, VD3 alleviates hepatotoxicity and fibrosis caused by TAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Megahed
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansour 35516, Egypt
| | - Hossam Gadalla
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansour 35516, Egypt
| | - Fatma M. Abdelhamid
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansour 35516, Egypt
| | - Samah J. Almehmadi
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, Makkah P.O. Box 7607, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anmar A. Khan
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, Makkah P.O. Box 7607, Saudi Arabia
| | - Talat A. Albukhari
- Department of Immunology and Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah P.O. Box 7607, Saudi Arabia
| | - Engy F. Risha
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansour 35516, Egypt
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +20-120-534-8354
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Corrado A, Rotondo C, Sanpaolo ER, Altomare A, Maruotti N, Cici D, Cantatore FP. 1,25OH-Vitamin D3 and IL-17 Inhibition Modulate Pro-Fibrotic Cytokines Production in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Patients with Systemic Sclerosis. Int J Med Sci 2022; 19:867-877. [PMID: 35693738 PMCID: PMC9149638 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.70984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: IL-17 modulates the synthesis of several molecules involved in the pathogenesis of Systemic Sclerosis (SSc). Vitamin D (1,25(OH)2D3) shows anti-fibrotic properties and it is able to affect the IL-17 production in several experimental conditions. The aim of this study is to assess the production of IL-17A and pro-fibrotic cytokines in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from subjects with SSc in basal conditions and after treatment with 1,25(OH)2D3 and IL-17A neutralizing antibodies. Methods: The production of IL-17A and pro-fibrotic cytokines (TGFβ, CTGF and FGF2) in PBMCs obtained from 51 SSc patients and 31 healthy subjects was assessed both in basal conditions and in presence of anti-IL17A antibodies and several concentrations of 1,25(OH)2D3. The association of cytokines production with clinical disease characteristics and the in vitro effect of 1,25(OH)2D3 and IL-17A inhibition were assessed. Results: PBMCs from SSc subjects produced higher amount IL-17A, TGFβ, CTGF and FGF2 compared to healthy controls. IL17, TGFβ, CTGF and FGF2 levels were higher in SSc patients with interstitial lung disease and digital ulcers, whereas IL-17A production was lower in patients with PAH. IL- 17A inhibition reduced the production of FGF2, whereas enhanced the synthesis of TGFβ and CTGF. 1,25(OH)2D3 decreased the production of IL17A and pro-fibrotic cytokines in a dose- dependent manner. Conclusions: IL-17A is involved in the regulation of fibrogenesis in SSc, and could represent an intriguing potential therapeutic target, even if its role remains controversial. 1,25(OH)2D3 inhibits both IL-17A and pro-fibrotic cytokines, confirming its potential anti-fibrotic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Addolorata Corrado
- Rheumatology Clinic - Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia- Italy
| | - Cinzia Rotondo
- Rheumatology Clinic - Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia- Italy
| | - Eliana Rita Sanpaolo
- Rheumatology Clinic - Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia- Italy
| | - Alberto Altomare
- Rheumatology Clinic - Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia- Italy
| | - Nicola Maruotti
- Rheumatology Clinic - Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia- Italy
| | - Daniela Cici
- Rheumatology Clinic - Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia- Italy
| | - Francesco Paolo Cantatore
- Rheumatology Clinic - Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia- Italy
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Sun S, Xu M, Zhuang P, Chen G, Dong K, Dong R, Zheng S. Effect and mechanism of vitamin D activation disorder on liver fibrosis in biliary atresia. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19883. [PMID: 34615940 PMCID: PMC8494743 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99158-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the mechanism of 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) deficiency in children with biliary atresia (BA) and its effect on liver fibrosis. The serum vitamin D and 25(OH)D, and expression of 25 hydroxylase (CYP2R1 and CYP27A1) in the liver of BA patients were detected and compared with those in the control group. We investigated the effect of differential expression of CYP2R1 in hepatocytes on the expression of genes related to liver fibrosis in primary hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) of BA and animal models of cholestasis. The ratio of 25(OH)D/vitamin D in the BA group was significantly lower than that in the control group. The mRNA and protein expression of CYP2R1 and CYP27A1 in liver tissue of the BA group was significantly lower than that in the control group. Exogenous active vitamin D (calcitriol) inhibited the proliferation and migration of primary HSCs isolated from BA patients, and reduced the expression of fibrosis-related genes in vitro. Downregulation of expression of CYP2R1 in hepatocytes increased expression of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, collagen (Col)-1α1 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1, and decreased the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 in cocultured primary HSCs of BA. Upregulation of expression of CYP2R1 in mice with bile duct ligation significantly increased the level of 25(OH)D, decreased the expression of TGF-β1, Col-1α1 and TIMP-1, and increased the expression of MMP-2. Children with BA have impaired vitamin D activation due to CYP2R1 deficiency. The dysactivation of vitamin D can promote the proliferation and activation of HSCs and participate in the development of hepatic fibrosis in BA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Sun
- Surgical Department, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai, 201102, China
| | - Menghua Xu
- The Center of Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201102, China
| | - Peijun Zhuang
- Anesthesiology Department, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201102, China
| | - Gong Chen
- Surgical Department, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai, 201102, China
| | - Kuiran Dong
- Surgical Department, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai, 201102, China
| | - Rui Dong
- Surgical Department, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai, 201102, China.
| | - Shan Zheng
- Surgical Department, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai, 201102, China.
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