1
|
Zhou J, Yang L, Fu T, Gao H, Shan Y, Wang J, Zhang L, Xie C, Yin M, Ma J, Pan Q, Xu M, Gu S. Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Neonatal Hepatoblastoma: A Single Center Study. J Pediatr Surg 2024:161640. [PMID: 39174446 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2024.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hepatoblastoma (HB) diagnosed within one month following birth qualifies for a diagnosis of neonatal HB, whose prognosis is reportedly controversial, and its treatment is challenging. This study discussed the diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes of neonatal HB at a single center so as to enhance its overall management in the future. METHODS The clinical information of babies diagnosed with neonatal HB at our center from August 2009 to September 2023 were retrospectively analyzed for demographics, clinical features, therapy, and outcomes. The outcomes were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier analysis method. RESULTS The study comprised 79 patients aged less than one year old, among which 14 had neonatal HB whereas 65 were non-neonatal HB patients. No differences were found between groups regarding gender, birth weight, delivery details, parental age, clinical signs, or treatment strategies. Neonatal HB patients were more likely to have PRETEXT I-II, smaller tumor size, congenital diseases, and lower risk tumor grade (p < 0.05). Additionally, the AFP levels of all neonatal HB patients were greater than 10,000 ng/ml (p = 0.009) and they had higher levels of ferritin (p = 0.003) and hemoglobin (p = 0.021), but lower levels of serum total proteins (p = 0.001). The three-year survival rate (100% vs 90.8%) and three-year event-free survival rate (100% vs 86.2%) in the neonatal HB group were higher than the non-neonatal HB group. CONCLUSION Neonatal HB patients have unique clinical features and can achieve an excellent prognosis following combined treatment with surgery and chemotherapy. Tumor resection, when carefully performed, was safe even in babies younger than one months old. Further and long-term studies are needed from a larger neonatal HB population. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiquan Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Liyuan Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Tingyi Fu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Hongxiang Gao
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Yuhua Shan
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Chenjie Xie
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Minzhi Yin
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Ji Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Qiuhui Pan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Min Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China.
| | - Song Gu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen Y, Froelich MF, Tharmaseelan H, Jiang H, Wang Y, Li H, Tao M, Gao Y, Wang J, Liu J, Schoenberg SO, Feng S, Weis M. Computed tomography imaging phenotypes of hepatoblastoma identified from radiomics signatures are associated with the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Pediatr Radiol 2024; 54:58-67. [PMID: 37982901 PMCID: PMC10776468 DOI: 10.1007/s00247-023-05793-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Though neoadjuvant chemotherapy has been widely used in the treatment of hepatoblastoma, there still lacks an effective way to predict its effect. OBJECTIVE To characterize hepatoblastoma based on radiomics image features and identify radiomics-based lesion phenotypes by unsupervised machine learning, intended to build a classifier to predict the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this retrospective study, we segmented the arterial phase images of 137 cases of pediatric hepatoblastoma and extracted the radiomics features using PyRadiomics. Then unsupervised k-means clustering was applied to cluster the tumors, whose result was verified by t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE). The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was used for feature selection, and the clusters were visually analyzed by radiologists. The correlations between the clusters, clinical and pathological parameters, and qualitative radiological features were analyzed. RESULTS Hepatoblastoma was clustered into three phenotypes (homogenous type, heterogenous type, and nodulated type) based on radiomics features. The clustering results had a high correlation with response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (P=0.02). The epithelial ratio and cystic components in radiological features were also associated with the clusters (P=0.029 and 0.008, respectively). CONCLUSIONS This radiomics-based cluster system may have the potential to facilitate the precise treatment of hepatoblastoma. In addition, this study further demonstrated the feasibility of using unsupervised machine learning in a disease without a proper imaging classification system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingqian Chen
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan Er Lu, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Matthias F Froelich
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Hishan Tharmaseelan
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanqi Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haitao Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingyao Tao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan Er Lu, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jifei Wang
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan Er Lu, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Juncheng Liu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Stefan O Schoenberg
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Shiting Feng
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan Er Lu, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Meike Weis
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zarei E, Vafadar M, Khonji MS, Mounesi Sohi AS. Giant pedunculated hepatoblastoma mimicking neuroblastoma in a 4-month-old infant: a case report. BMC Pediatr 2023; 23:146. [PMID: 36997898 PMCID: PMC10061980 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-023-03954-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatoblastoma is the most common primary malignancy of hepatic origin in children, with an estimated incidence of 0.5-1.5 per million children. Hepatoblastoma classically has an intraparenchymal location, and pedunculated hepatoblastoma is a relatively rare entity. Accurate diagnosis can be challenging due to its extrahepatic location and possibly its thin peduncle, which is not easily identified in imaging. CASE PRESENTATION Here, we report a case of asymptomatic giant palpable hepatoblastoma in the LUQ of a four-month-old male infant, initially suspected of neuroblastoma based on abdominal ultrasound findings. The final diagnosis of giant pedunculated hepatoblastoma was made based on the abdominal CT scan and the diagnosis was confirmed by percutaneous biopsy. Due to the size of the tumor, complete removal of the tumor was not initially possible. Therefore, the patient was treated with several courses of chemotherapy. The tumor was shrunk and then completely removed. The patient was treated, and no complications were found in the 6-month follow-up. CONCLUSION Pedunculated hepatoblastoma is rare but should be considered as a possibility in the case of a perihepatic mass in a pediatric patient that can be confused with other upper abdominal masses such as an adrenal mass. Therefore, in such cases, we must look for the vascular pedicle in the imaging and keep the AFP check in mind.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elham Zarei
- School of Medicine, Ali Asghar Children Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Vafadar
- School of Medicine, Ali Asghar Children Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Saeid Khonji
- Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lucas B, Ravishankar S, Pateva I. Pediatric Primary Hepatic Tumors: Diagnostic Considerations. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:333. [PMID: 33670452 PMCID: PMC7922091 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11020333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver is the third most common site of abdominal tumors in children. This review article aims to summarize current evidence surrounding identification and diagnosis of primary hepatic tumors in the pediatric population based upon clinical presentation, epidemiology, and risk factors as well as classical imaging, histopathological, and molecular diagnostic findings. Readers will be able to recognize the features and distinguish between benign and malignant hepatic tumors within different age groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bryony Lucas
- Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital—Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Sanjita Ravishankar
- Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital—Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Irina Pateva
- Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital—Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| |
Collapse
|