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Ge LK, Huang Z, Wei GX. Global research trends in the effects of exercise on depression: A bibliometric study over the past two decades. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32315. [PMID: 39183831 PMCID: PMC11341242 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction With depression's growing global prevalence and substantial impact, effective prevention and management strategies are imperative. Our study aims to perform a thorough bibliometric analysis of existing research on the impact of exercise on depression. Methods A comprehensive analysis of Web of Science Core Collection publications from 2000 to 2020 was performed, highlighting trends, themes, and influential authors. The study focused on subject categories, source journals, countries/regions, institutions, and prolific authors. Co-citation and keyword analyses revealed key themes, hotspots and the thematic evolution. Results The multidisciplinary nature of this research is evident across psychiatry, psychology, neuroscience, and sports science. Specific populations such as women, the elderly, and those with chronic illnesses were targeted. Mind-body exercises like yoga and tai chi gained prominence. Co-citation clusters showcased the evolution from early investigations on exercise's impact to recent dose-response and protocol studies. Conclusions This bibliometric analysis provides insights into the dynamic field of exercise interventions for depression. It underscores the importance of individual differences, calls for guidelines considering comorbidities, and points towards future directions such as exploring mind-body exercise mechanisms and well-designed clinical trials. This study contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the research landscape and informs future endeavors aimed at refining depression treatment through exercise interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Kun Ge
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China
| | - Gao-Xia Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Chen Z, Huang H, Liu R, Tang Z. Effects of internet-based exercise intervention on depression and anxiety: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37373. [PMID: 38394484 PMCID: PMC11309647 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While exercise is acknowledged for its positive effects on depression and anxiety symptoms, the benefits of internet-based exercise on mental health have not been extensively examined. This study seeks to systematically review and quantify the outcomes of high-quality randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigate the impact of internet-based exercise on depression and anxiety symptoms. METHODS Following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, we conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis of RCTs. Databases, including Web of Science Core Collection, PubMed, PsycINFO, Medline, BIOSIS Previews, SPORTDiscus, and Education Source, were scoured through in September 2023. After quality assessment and data extraction, the analysis was performed using R. Using random effects models, effect sizes were determined and subsequently represented as standardized mean differences (SMD). RESULTS Our analysis incorporated data from 11 RCTs, involving a cohort of 1009 participants. We observed a modest yet significant reduction in depression and anxiety symptoms, with an SMD of -0.44 [95% confidence interval (CI) (-0.63, -0.26), I^2 = 79.3%, P < .01]. Interestingly, the effects were more pronounced in individuals diagnosed with depression, as indicated by an SMD of -0.96 [95% CI (-1.55, -0.37), I^2 = 82%, P < .01]. Furthermore, participants utilizing smartphone applications as part of their intervention reported a meaningful reduction in their symptoms, evidenced by an SMD of -0.52 [95% CI (-0.90, -0.14), I^2 = 87%, P < .01]. Additionally, short-term interventions, specifically those lasting <12 weeks, indicated a notable alleviation in depression symptoms, with an SMD of -0.76 [95% CI (-1.38, -0.14), I^2 = 86%, P < .01]. CONCLUSION Internet-based exercise interventions yield significant amelioration in depression and anxiety symptoms, with heightened efficacy observed among individuals with depression. Notably, short-term interventions, specifically those under 12 weeks, demonstrate enhanced benefits for depression relief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuo Chen
- Division of Sports science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Division of Sociology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruidong Liu
- Sports Coaching College, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengyan Tang
- Division of Sports science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Li J, Zhou X, Huang Z, Shao T. Effect of exercise intervention on depression in children and adolescents: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2023:S0165-0327(23)01209-0. [PMID: 37832731 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of different exercise interventions on depressive symptoms in children and adolescents. METHODS Randomized controlled trials (RCT) published until May 2023 were screened in four databases. The Cochrane collaboration tool was used to assess the risk of bias for quality evaluation. Stata 16.0 software was used for both a pairwise meta-analysis and a series of frequentist network meta-analyses (NMA). RESULTS A total of 35 RCTs and 5393 participants were included. Aerobic exercise had the most significant effect on depressive symptoms (66.2 %), followed by group training (62.5 %), resistance exercise (59.0 %), and aerobic combined with resistance exercise (57.9 %). Furthermore, children and adolescents younger than 15 years showed significant improvement in depressive symptoms (SMD = -0.41, 95 % CI (-0.63, -0.19), P < 0.01). The study also found a significant improvement in depression among healthy, obesity, and depressed populations (SMD = -0.25, 95 % CI (-0.41, -0.08), P < 0.01); SMD = -0.15, 95 % CI (-0.31, -0.00), P < 0.01; SMD = -0.75, 95 % CI (-1.32, -0.19), P < 0.01). Additionally, 30 min of exercise had a significant effect (SMD = -0.14, 95 % CI (-0,81, -0.01), P < 0.01), and 40-50 min of exercise had the best effect (SMD = -0.17, 95 % CI (-0,33, -0.02), P < 0.01). Lastly, exercise frequency of three times per week was significant in children and adolescents (SMD = -0.42, 95 % CI (-0,66, -0.18), P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Exercise significantly improves depressive symptoms in children and adolescents, with aerobic exercise having the most significant effect. A 12-week, three-times-a-week, 40-50-min exercise intervention was found to be more effective in younger children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Li
- College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, China.
| | - Xianxian Zhou
- College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, China.
| | - Zan Huang
- College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, China.
| | - Tianyi Shao
- College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, China.
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Li J, Zhou X, Huang Z, Shao T. Effect of exercise intervention on depression in children and adolescents: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1918. [PMID: 37794338 PMCID: PMC10552327 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16824-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of different exercise interventions on depressive symptoms in children and adolescents. METHODS Randomized controlled trials (RCT) published until May 2023 were screened in four databases. The Cochrane collaboration tool was used to assess the risk of bias for quality evaluation. Stata 16.0 software was used for both a pairwise meta-analysis and a series of frequentist network meta-analyses (NMA). RESULTS A total of 35 RCTs and 5393 participants were included. Aerobic exercise had the most significant effect on depressive symptoms (66.2%), followed by group training (62.5%), resistance exercise (59.0%), and aerobic combined with resistance exercise (57.9%). Furthermore, children and adolescents younger than 15 years showed significant improvement in depressive symptoms (SMD=-0.41, 95% CI (-0.63, -0.19), P < 0.01). The study also found a significant improvement in depression among healthy, obesity, and depressed populations (SMD=-0.25, 95% CI (-0.41, -0.08), P < 0.01); SMD=-0.15, 95% CI (-0.31, -0.00), P < 0.01; SMD=-0.75, 95% CI (-1.32, -0.19), P < 0.01). Additionally, 30 min of exercise had a significant effect (SMD=-0.14, 95% CI (-0,81, -0.01), P < 0.01), and 40-50 min of exercise had the best effect (SMD=-0.17, 95% CI (-0,33, -0.02), P < 0.01). Lastly, exercise frequency of three times per week was significant in children and adolescents (SMD=-0.42, 95% CI (-0,66, -0.18), P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Exercise significantly improves depressive symptoms in children and adolescents, with aerobic exercise having the most significant effect. A 12-week, three-times-a-week, 40-50-minute exercise intervention was found to be more effective in younger children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Li
- College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xianxian Zhou
- College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zan Huang
- College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tianyi Shao
- College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, Zhejiang, China.
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Contreras-Osorio F, Ramirez-Campillo R, Cerda-Vega E, Campos-Jara R, Martínez-Salazar C, Reigal RE, Hernández-Mendo A, Carneiro L, Campos-Jara C. Effects of Physical Exercise on Executive Function in Adults with Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph192215270. [PMID: 36429985 PMCID: PMC9690406 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192215270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Executive function is among the most affected cognitive dimensions in depression. Physical exercise may improve executive function (e.g., working memory, inhibition, cognitive flexibility), although this is without consensus on adults with depression. Through this systematic review, we aim to elucidate the effects of physical exercise programs on executive functions in adults with depression. The literature search was performed in four relevant electronic databases, combining keywords and medical subject headings, from inception until September 2022. Controlled interventions, involving adults with depression, and reporting working memory, inhibition, and/or cognitive flexibility pre-post-intervention data, were considered includable. Results from meta-analyses included effect size (ES, i.e., Hedges' g) values reported with 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs), with p set at ≤0.05. Seven studies were included, including 202 men and 457 women (age: 21.0-51.2 years; mild-moderate depression). For working memory, a small favoring effect was observed in the experimental groups compared with controls (ES = 0.33, 95%CI = 0.04-0.61; p = 0.026; I2 = 64.9%). For inhibition, physical exercise had a small favoring non-significant effect compared with controls (ES = 0.28, 95%CI = -0.17-0.74; p = 0.222; I2 = 72.4%). Compared with the control group, physical exercise had a trivial effect on cognitive flexibility (ES = 0.09, 95%CI = -0.21-0.39; p = 0.554; I2 = 68.4%). In conclusion, physical exercise interventions may improve working memory behavioral measures in adults with mild-to-moderate depression when compared with active and passive control conditions. However, the reduced number of available high-quality studies precludes more lucid conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Falonn Contreras-Osorio
- Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 7591538, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo
- Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, School of Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 7591538, Chile
| | - Enrique Cerda-Vega
- Pedagogy in Physical Education and Health Career, Department of Health Science, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | | | - Cristian Martínez-Salazar
- Department of Physical Education, Sports, and Recreation, Pedagogy in Physical Education, School of Education and Social Sciences and Humanities, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile
| | - Rafael E. Reigal
- Department of Social Psychology, Social Anthropology, Social Work and Social Services, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Antonio Hernández-Mendo
- Department of Social Psychology, Social Anthropology, Social Work and Social Services, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Lara Carneiro
- Physical Education Department, College of Education, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi 112612, United Arab Emirates
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, University of Maia, ISMAI, 4475-690 Maia, Portugal
| | - Christian Campos-Jara
- Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 7591538, Chile
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Worsley JD, Pennington A, Corcoran R. Supporting mental health and wellbeing of university and college students: A systematic review of review-level evidence of interventions. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266725. [PMID: 35905058 PMCID: PMC9337666 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims The review of reviews had three aims: (i) to synthesize the available evidence on interventions to improve college and university students’ mental health and wellbeing; (ii) to identify the effectiveness of interventions, and (iii) to highlight gaps in the evidence base for future study. Methods Electronic database searches were conducted to identify reviews in English from high-income OECD countries published between 1999 and 2020. All review-level empirical studies involving post-secondary students attending colleges of further education or universities that examined interventions to improve general mental health and wellbeing were included. Articles were critically appraised using an amended version of the AMSTAR 2 tool. Evidence from the included reviews were narratively synthesized and organised by intervention types. Results Twenty-seven reviews met the review of reviews inclusion criteria. The quality of the included reviews varied considerably. Intervention types identified included: mindfulness-based interventions, psychological interventions, psychoeducation interventions, recreation programmes, relaxation interventions, setting-based interventions, and stress management/reduction interventions. There was evidence that mindfulness-based interventions, cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), and interventions delivered via technology were effective when compared to a passive control. Some evidence suggested that the effects of CBT-related interventions are sustained over time. Psychoeducation interventions do not appear to be as effective as other forms of intervention, with its effects not enduring over time. Conclusions The review of reviews located a sizeable body of evidence on specific interventions such as mindfulness and cognitive-behavioural interventions. The evidence suggests that these interventions can effectively reduce common mental health difficulties in the higher education student body. Gaps and limitations in the reviews and the underlying body of evidence have been identified. These include a notable gap in the existing body of review-level evidence on setting-based interventions, acceptance and commitment training, and interventions for students attending colleges in UK settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Deborah Worsley
- Department of Primary Care and Mental Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Andy Pennington
- Department of Public Health and Policy, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Rhiannon Corcoran
- Department of Primary Care and Mental Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Herbert C. Enhancing Mental Health, Well-Being and Active Lifestyles of University Students by Means of Physical Activity and Exercise Research Programs. Front Public Health 2022; 10:849093. [PMID: 35548074 PMCID: PMC9082407 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.849093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mental disorders (e.g., depression) and sedentary behavior are increasing, also among emerging adults. One particular target group of emerging adults with high sitting times and vulnerability to mental disorders are university students. In particular, anxiety and depressive symptoms as well as stress symptoms are very common among university students. The present manuscript discusses whether physical activity and exercise interventions can help to promote the mental health of emerging adults such as university students. The manuscript will summarize current scientific evidence and based on this evidence, introduce an university-based scientific research project that investigates if physical activity, exercise interventions and acute bouts of exercise of low- to moderate intensity can buffer perceived stress, alleviate mental health symptoms and strengthen well-being (psychologically and physiologically) among university students by positively influencing depressive and anxiety symptoms, perceived stress and emotion perception, body awareness and subjective well-being including overall quality of life. The research project, its concept, multimethod approach, and first results from available studies are discussed in relation to current scientific evidence, health care needs and future developments. The results from the studies conducted within the research project so far and that are briefly summarized in this manuscript suggest that physical activity, mental health and well-being are positively related, also in university students as an important group of emerging adults. The results further suggest that exercise interventions comprising aerobic exercises of low- to moderate intensity may work best to improve mental health (alleviate depressive symptoms and perceived stress) among university students after a few weeks of intervention. In addition, acute bouts of certain types of exercises (yoga in particular) seem to be particularly effective in changing perception of bodily signals, cardiac activity and emotion processing immediately after the exercise. The results underscore the importance of systematic investigations of the combined examination of psychological and physiological factors that promote an active lifestyle and that strengthen mental health and well-being (psychologically and physiologically) among emerging adults such as university students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Herbert
- Applied Emotion and Motivation Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
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8
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Khokhar M, Tomo S, Gadwal A, Purohit P. Multi-omics integration and interactomics reveals molecular networks and regulators of the beneficial effect of yoga and exercise. Int J Yoga 2022; 15:25-39. [PMID: 35444372 PMCID: PMC9015089 DOI: 10.4103/ijoy.ijoy_146_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Yoga is a multifaceted spiritual tool that helps in maintaining health, peace of mind, and positive thoughts. In the context of asana, yoga is similar to physical exercise. This study aims to construct a molecular network to find hub genes that play important roles in physical exercise and yoga. Methodology We combined differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in yoga and exercise using computational bioinformatics from publicly available gene expression omnibus (GEO) datasets and identified the codifferentially expressed mRNAs with GEO2R. The co-DEGs were divided into four different groups and each group was subjected to protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, pathways analysis, and gene ontology. Results Our study identified immunological modulation as a dominant target of differential expression in yoga and exercise. Yoga predominantly modulated genes affecting the Th1 and NK cells, whereas Cytokines, Macrophage activation, and oxidative stress were affected by exercise. We also observed that while yoga regulated genes for two main physiological functions of the body, namely Circadian Rhythm (BHLHE40) and immunity (LBP, T-box transcription factor 21, CEACAM1), exercise-regulated genes involved in apoptosis (BAG3, protein kinase C alpha), angiogenesis, and cellular adhesion (EPH receptor A1). Conclusion The dissimilarity in the genetic expression patterns in Yoga and exercise highlights the discrete effect of each in biological systems. The integration and convergences of multi-omics signals can provide deeper and comprehensive insights into the various biological mechanisms through which yoga and exercise exert their beneficial effects and opens up potential newer research areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Khokhar
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sojit Tomo
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India,Department of Biochemistry, Santosh Medical College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashita Gadwal
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Purvi Purohit
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India,Address for correspondence: Dr. Purvi Purohit, Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Basni Industrial Area, Phase-2, Jodhpur - 342 005, Rajasthan, India. E-mail:
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Treatment Effect of Exercise Intervention for Female College Students with Depression: Analysis of Electroencephalogram Microstates and Power Spectrum. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13126822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This paper aims to assess the effect of exercise intervention on the improvement of college students with depression and to explore the change characteristics of microstates and the power spectrum in their resting-state electroencephalogram (EEG). Forty female college students with moderate depression were screened according to the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and Depression Self-Rating Scale (SDS) scores, and half of them received an exercise intervention for 18 weeks. The study utilized an EEG to define the resting-state networks, and the scores of all the participants were tracked during the intervention. Compared with those in the depression group, the power spectrum values in the θ and α bands were significantly decreased (p < 0.05), and the duration of microstate C increased significantly (p < 0.05), while the frequency of microstate B decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in the exercise intervention group. The transition probabilities showed that the exercise intervention group had a higher probability from B to D than those in the depression group (p < 0.01). In addition, the power of the δ and α bands were negatively correlated with the occurrence of microstate C (r = −0.842, p < 0.05 and r = −0.885, p < 0.01, respectively), and the power of the β band was positively correlated with the duration of microstate C (r = 0.900, p < 0.01) after exercise intervention. Our results suggest that the decreased duration of microstate C and the increased α power in depressed students are associated with reduced cognitive ability, emotional stability, and brain activity. Depression symptoms were notably improved after exercise intervention, thus providing a more scientific index for the research, rehabilitation mechanisms, and treatment of depression.
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Zhang L, Zhao S, Weng W, Lin Q, Song M, Wu S, Zheng H. Frequent Sports Dance May Serve as a Protective Factor for Depression Among College Students: A Real-World Data Analysis in China. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2021; 14:405-422. [PMID: 33859506 PMCID: PMC8043843 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s299891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aims to investigate the role of frequent sports dance in preventing mental disorders, including anxiety and depression, among college students using real-world data, and to further analyze potential risk factors associated with anxiety and depression. Methods We investigated 921 college students from eight universities in China. A survey was completed by 901 students and they were included in the analysis. The anxiety score was evaluated by the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) scale and the depression score was evaluated by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Subgroup comparisons were performed among frequent sports dance students and non-frequent sports dance students. Results Of all the students, 9.98% had moderate-to-severe anxiety and 14.65% students suffered from moderate-to-severe depression. Compared with non-frequent sports dance students, frequent sports dance students had significantly lower depression scores (P=0.04). According to the multiple logistic regression models, when potential confounding factors were all adjusted, frequent sports dance was also significantly associated with less depression (OR=0.55, 95% CI: 0.36–0.84, P<0.01). We also found that higher college grade levels (P<0.01), non-physical education students (P=0.02), higher body mass index (P=0.02), lower exercise frequency per week (P<0.01), addiction to drinking (P=0.02), and previous diagnosis of anxiety or depression in hospital (P<0.01) were significantly associated with more anxiety; higher college grade levels (P<0.01), addiction to drinking (P<0.01), preference for eating fried food (P=0.02), soda as the main source of drinking water (P=0.01), and previous diagnosis of anxiety or depression (P=0.03) were significantly associated with more depression, while higher exercise frequency per week (P<0.01), only-child status (P<0.01), and preference for eating vegetables (P=0.02) were significantly associated with less depression. Conclusion Anxiety and depression are common among college students. Frequent sports dance may serve as a protective factor for preventing depression and it can be recommended for college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lirong Zhang
- Department of Physical Education, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, Fujian, 361024, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaocong Zhao
- Department of Physical Education, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, Fujian, 361024, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Weng
- Department of Physical Education, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, Fujian, 361024, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiong Lin
- Department of Physical Education, JiMei University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, People's Republic of China
| | - Minmin Song
- Department of Physical Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350008, People's Republic of China
| | - Shouren Wu
- Department of Physical Education, JiMei University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Zheng
- College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 400047, People's Republic of China
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