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Minervini G. Progress in Biomaterials and Technologies in Dentistry. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1482. [PMID: 39062055 PMCID: PMC11274469 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12071482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The field of dental biomedicine continues to evolve with significant advancements that are aimed at improving oral health outcomes [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Minervini
- Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai 00202, Tamil Nadu, India;
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 98201 Naples, Italy
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Luchian I, Surlari Z, Goriuc A, Ioanid N, Zetu I, Butnaru O, Scutariu MM, Tatarciuc M, Budala DG. The Influence of Orthodontic Treatment on Periodontal Health between Challenge and Synergy: A Narrative Review. Dent J (Basel) 2024; 12:112. [PMID: 38668024 PMCID: PMC11049074 DOI: 10.3390/dj12040112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
By correctly repositioning teeth, orthodontic therapy improves both the function and appearance of an occlusion. The relationship between teeth and the tissues that surround and support them significantly influences these alterations. With ever more adults seeking orthodontic care, orthodontists are increasingly seeing patients with periodontal issues. Concerns about the patient's appearance, such as uneven gingival margins or functional issues caused by inflammatory periodontal diseases, should be accounted for when designing orthodontic treatment plans. Furthermore, orthodontics may increase the chances of saving and recovering a degraded dentition in cases of severe periodontitis. Today, general dentists, dontists, and orthodontists play integrative roles that enable them to achieve the best possible results for their patients. This review will improve the results of interdisciplinary treatments and increase cooperation between dental specialists by drawing attention to the essential connection between orthodontics and periodontics in regular clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ionut Luchian
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universității Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Zenovia Surlari
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universității Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (Z.S.); (D.-G.B.)
| | - Ancuta Goriuc
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universității Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Nicoleta Ioanid
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universității Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (Z.S.); (D.-G.B.)
| | - Irina Zetu
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universității Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.Z.); (O.B.)
| | - Oana Butnaru
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universității Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.Z.); (O.B.)
| | - Monica-Mihaela Scutariu
- Department of Oro-Dental Diagnosis, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universității Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Monica Tatarciuc
- Department of Dental Technology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universității Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Dana-Gabriela Budala
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universității Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (Z.S.); (D.-G.B.)
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Rouzi M, Zhang X, Jiang Q, Long H, Lai W, Li X. Impact of Clear Aligners on Oral Health and Oral Microbiome During Orthodontic Treatment. Int Dent J 2023; 73:603-611. [PMID: 37105789 PMCID: PMC10509397 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2023.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The demand for clear aligners has risen over the past decade because they satisfy patients' desire for less noticeable and more comfortable orthodontic appliances. Because clear aligners are increasingly used in orthodontics, there is a big push to learn more about the physiologic and microbial changes that occur during treatment. The present work highlighted further links between clear aligners and changes in oral health and the oral microbiome and provided plaque control methods for clear aligner trays. Existing literature revealed that clear aligners have no significant influence on the structure of the oral microbiome during orthodontic therapy. Clear aligner treatment demonstrated promising results in terms of controlling plaque index, gingival health, and the prevalence of white spot lesions. Nevertheless, grooves, ridges, microcracks, and abrasions on the aligner surface would provide a prime environment for bacterial adherence and the development of plaque biofilms. A combination of mechanical and chemical methods seems to be a successful approach for removing plaque biofilm from aligners whilst also preventing pigment adsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maierdanjiang Rouzi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingsong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hu Long
- Department of Orthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenli Lai
- Department of Orthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Xiaolong Li
- Department of Orthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Di Spirito F, D'Ambrosio F, Cannatà D, D'Antò V, Giordano F, Martina S. Impact of Clear Aligners versus Fixed Appliances on Periodontal Status of Patients Undergoing Orthodontic Treatment: A Systematic Review of Systematic Reviews. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11091340. [PMID: 37174882 PMCID: PMC10178428 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11091340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The present umbrella review of four systematic reviews with meta-analysis aimed to assess whether clear aligners are associated with better periodontal conditions compared with fixed appliances in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. The present study protocol was developed in accordance with the PRISMA statement before the literature search, data extraction, and analysis and was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023401808). The question formulation, search, and study selection strategies were developed according to the PICO model. Systematic reviews with a meta-analysis published in English without date restriction were electronically searched across the Cochrane Library, Web of Science (Core Collection), Scopus, EMBASE, and MEDLINE/PubMed databases until 10 February 2023. An assessment of study quality was performed using the AMSTAR 2 tool. Differences in the PI, GI, and BOP in the short- and medium-term follow-ups, in the PPD in long-term follow-up, and the gingival recessions in the short-term follow-up were found between subjects with clear aligners and fixed appliances, revealing a slight tendency for clear aligners to be associated with healthier periodontal conditions. However, even if statistically significant, such differences would be negligible in a clinical environment. Therefore, the impact of orthodontic treatment with clear aligners and fixed appliances on periodontal health status should be considered comparable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Di Spirito
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Francesco D'Ambrosio
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Davide Cannatà
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Vincenzo D'Antò
- School of Orthodontics, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Oral Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Giordano
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Stefano Martina
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
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Zhang R, Han B, Liu X. Functional Surface Coatings on Orthodontic Appliances: Reviews of Friction Reduction, Antibacterial Properties, and Corrosion Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24086919. [PMID: 37108082 PMCID: PMC10138808 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24086919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Surface coating technology is an important way to improve the properties of orthodontic appliances, allowing for reduced friction, antibacterial properties, and enhanced corrosion resistance. It improves treatment efficiency, reduces side effects, and increases the safety and durability of orthodontic appliances. Existing functional coatings are prepared with suitable additional layers on the surface of the substrate to achieve the abovementioned modifications, and commonly used materials mainly include metal and metallic compound materials, carbon-based materials, polymers, and bioactive materials. In addition to single-use materials, metal-metal or metal-nonmetal materials can be combined. Methods of coating preparation include, but are not limited to, physical vapor deposition (PVD), chemical deposition, sol-gel dip coating, etc., with a variety of different conditions for preparing the coatings. In the reviewed studies, a wide variety of surface coatings were found to be effective. However, the present coating materials have not yet achieved a perfect combination of these three functions, and their safety and durability need further verification. This paper reviews and summarizes the effectiveness, advantages and disadvantages, and clinical perspectives of different coating materials for orthodontic appliances in terms of friction reduction, antibacterial properties, and enhanced corrosion resistance, and discusses more possibilities for follow-up studies as well as for clinical applications in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruichu Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing 100081, China
- National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory for Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Bing Han
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing 100081, China
- National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory for Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaomo Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing 100081, China
- National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory for Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing 100081, China
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Yazdi M, Daryanavard H, Ashtiani AH, Moradinejad M, Rakhshan V. A systematic review of biocompatibility and safety of orthodontic clear aligners and transparent vacuum-formed thermoplastic retainers: Bisphenol-A release, adverse effects, cytotoxicity, and estrogenic effects. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2023; 20:41. [PMID: 37180685 PMCID: PMC10166753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background An ever-increasing demand is seen for clear aligners and transparent vacuum-formed retainers. They are esthetic and convenient. However, the biomaterials used in these appliances might pose biological safety and biocompatibility threats in terms of their bisphenol-A (BPA) release, cytotoxicity, adverse effects, and estrogenic effects. Due to the controversial results and the lack of any systematic reviews in this regard, we conducted this systematic review. Materials and Methods Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, and Google Scholar as well as references of the found articles were searched (independently by 3 researchers) up to December 22, 2021, to find studies relevant to the biocompatibility of clear aligners and thermoplastic retainers. The search keywords were a combination of the following (and more): Essix, vacuum-formed aligner, thermoplastic aligner, clear aligner, Invisalign, vacuum-formed retainer, BPA release, monomer release, cytotoxicity, estrogenicity, biocompatibility, chemical properties, and oral epithelial cell. As eligibility criteria, articles in all languages would be included as long as their text could be translated clearly using online translators or by professional translators; all types of publications (article, book, and thesis) would be included if containing relevant studies and information; they should have been on clear liners or thermoplastic retainers; and they should have been on biocompatibility, safety, cytotoxicity, or estrogenicity of clear aligners or thermoplastic retainers. There were no restrictions on the type of study (randomized clinical trials, experimental in vitro studies). Studies focusing merely on the mechanical properties of clear aligners or thermoplastic retainers (without examining their chemical properties) would be excluded. The risk of bias was assessed. Results The risk of bias was rather low. However, the methodologies of the studies were quite different. Overall, 16 articles (1 randomized clinical trial and 15 in vitro studies) were identified. The data for BPA release were reported in four articles (1 clinical trial and 3 in vitro studies). Quantitatively speaking, the amount of released BPA reported by in vitro studies was very low, if not zero. However, the BPA level was very high in the only randomized clinical trial. Many adverse effects were linked to using clear aligners or transparent retainers, including pain and soft-tissue issues such as burning, tingling, sore tongue, lip swelling, blisters, ulceration, dry mouth, periodontal problems, and even systemic problems such as difficulty in breathing. Besides these biological adverse effects, oral dysfunctions and speech difficulties and tooth damage may be associated with clear aligners and should as well be taken into consideration. Conclusion Given the very high levels of BPA leach observed in the only clinical trial and considering other possible dangers of small traces of BPA (even at low doses) and also given the numerous adverse events linked to clear aligners or transparent retainers, it seems that safety of these appliances might be questionable and more clinical studies of biocompatibility are needed in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzie Yazdi
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hanie Daryanavard
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Alireza Hashemi Ashtiani
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mehrnaz Moradinejad
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Vahid Rakhshan
- Department of Anatomy, Dental School, Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Moradinejad M, Yazdi M, Daryanavard H, Ashtiani A, Rakhshan V. A systematic review of biocompatibility and safety of orthodontic clear aligners and transparent vacuum-formed thermoplastic retainers: Bisphenol-A release, adverse effects, cytotoxicity, and estrogenic effects. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2023. [DOI: 10.4103/1735-3327.372658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
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Podoplelova DV, Admakin OI, Startсeva IV, Agakishieva MI, Ozden KA, Ivanenko AA. Comparative analysis of individual oral hygiene during treatment with bracket systems and aligners. Pediatr Dent 2022. [DOI: 10.33925/1683-3031-2022-22-3-170-176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Relevance. Individual oral hygiene is the primary way to prevent major dental diseases. Fixed orthodontic appliances (braces) may become a barrier to good individual oral care. Aligners can provide an alternative to braces, allowing adequate toothbrushing when removed.Aim. To compare hygiene levels among patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with conventional bracket systems and aligners.Materials and methods. The study assessed oral hygiene levels at the baseline, two weeks and three months after the beginning of orthodontic treatment. The study used the PHP index to evaluate oral hygiene levels..Results. Three months later, the comparative analysis revealed that 10% of patients with braces had good oral hygiene, 30% had acceptable oral hygiene, and 60% had poor. Twenty per cent of patients with aligners had good oral hygiene, 60% had acceptable oral hygiene, and 20% had poor.Conclusions. Individual oral hygiene level in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances is significantly lower than in patients with removable appliances.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. V. Podoplelova
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
| | - O. I. Admakin
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
| | - I. V. Startсeva
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
| | - M. I. Agakishieva
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
| | - K. A. Ozden
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
| | - A. A. Ivanenko
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
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Banjar AA, Hassan SM, Alyafi RA, Alawady SA, Alghamdi MH, Baik KM. Self-perceived halitosis among young adults undergoing orthodontic treatment. Int J Dent Hyg 2021; 20:479-486. [PMID: 34951749 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Halitosis is a common oral health problem that significantly impacts the quality of life of the affected individuals. In most cases, poor oral hygiene is responsible for the problem. Orthodontic therapy aims to correct malocclusion using different devices. It has been suggested that orthodontic treatment can promote gingival health by facilitating daily oral hygiene measures. However, the treatment may harm gingival health as these appliances may lead to a more significant accumulation of plaque, increasing the microbial load in the subgingival environment leading to halitosis. OBJECTIVE The primary goal of this survey is to assess the prevalence of self-perceived halitosis in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS An online questionnaire was randomly distributed to patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. A total of 289 subjects completed the questionnaire. It included questions about: demographic data, medical history, social habits, past dental treatment and oral hygiene habits. Descriptive statistics as frequency distributions and percentages were calculated for the study variables. RESULTS The prevalence of self-perceived halitosis was 41.5%. The majority of the participants started to notice this problem during and after orthodontic treatment (62.5%). A statistically significant correlation was found between the regular dental visits and halitosis in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances (p-value = 0.010). Also, those patients had a substantial increase in tongue coating formation (p- value = 0.010). CONCLUSION Self-perceived halitosis is a common problem in patients receiving orthodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arwa A Banjar
- Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abudlaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaymaa M Hassan
- Department of Oral medicine and periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cario, Egypt
| | - Rusha A Alyafi
- Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abudlaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sara A Alawady
- Faculty of Dentistry, King Abudlaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Morouj H Alghamdi
- Faculty of Dentistry, King Abudlaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khadijah M Baik
- Prosthodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abudlaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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The Oral Microbiota Changes in Orthodontic Patients and Effects on Oral Health: An Overview. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10040780. [PMID: 33669186 PMCID: PMC7919675 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10040780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, there is a considerable interest to study the biological and microbiological changes that accompany orthodontic treatment. Growing knowledge on oral microbiota allows, day after day, to identify and characterize the microbial arrangements specifically associated with oral and extra-oral conditions. The aim of the present work is to highlight any further correlations between orthodontic appliances and the qualitative and quantitative modifications of the oral microbiota, such as predisposing factors for the onset of caries, periodontal diseases, and other infections, which can impact the oral and systemic health of the orthodontic patients. When compared with subjects without orthodontic appliances, orthodontic patients reported significant qualitative and quantitative differences in supra- and subgingival plaque during the entire treatment period. Certain components of fixed appliances (mainly bonded molar brackets, ceramic brackets, and elastomeric ligatures) showed high risks of periodontal disease and tooth decay for patients. An unclear prevalence of Candida spp. and the paucity of studies on viruses and protozoas in the oral microbiota of orthodontic patients need to be further investigated. The evidence emerging from this study could guide clinicians in modulating the timing of controls and enhance patient motivation to prevent the formation of mature plaque, thus reducing the risks of oral-plaque-related diseases.
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