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Qiu C, Sun N, Zeng S, Chen L, Gong F, Tian J, Xiong Y, Peng L, He H, Ming Y. Unveiling the therapeutic promise of EphA2 in glioblastoma: a comprehensive review. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:501. [PMID: 39331302 PMCID: PMC11436538 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01380-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM), a primary brain tumor, exhibits remarkable invasiveness and is characterized by its intricate location, infiltrative behavior, the presence of both the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the blood-brain tumor barrier (BBTB), phenotypic diversity, an immunosuppressive microenvironment with limited development yet rich vascularity, as well as the resistant nature of glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) towards traditional chemotherapy and radiotherapy. These formidable factors present substantial obstacles in the quest for effective GBM treatments. Following extensive research spanning three decades, the hepatocellular receptor A2 (EphA2) receptor tyrosine kinase has emerged as a promising molecular target with translational potential in the realm of cancer therapy. Numerous compounds aimed at targeting EphA2 have undergone rigorous evaluation and clinical investigation. This article provides a comprehensive account of the distinctive roles played by canonical and non-canonical EphA2 signaling in various contexts, while also exploring the involvement of the EphA2-ephrin A1 signaling axis in GBM pathogenesis. Additionally, the review offers an overview of completed clinical trials targeting EphA2 for GBM treatment, shedding light on both the prospects and challenges associated with EphA2-directed interventions in the domain of cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caohang Qiu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center of Neurosurgery, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Neurological Diseases and Brain Function Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Sun
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Shan Zeng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center of Neurosurgery, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Neurological Diseases and Brain Function Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ligang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center of Neurosurgery, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Neurological Diseases and Brain Function Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Feilong Gong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center of Neurosurgery, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Neurological Diseases and Brain Function Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjie Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center of Neurosurgery, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Neurological Diseases and Brain Function Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Xiong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center of Neurosurgery, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Neurological Diseases and Brain Function Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lilei Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center of Neurosurgery, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Neurological Diseases and Brain Function Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiping He
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center of Neurosurgery, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Neurological Diseases and Brain Function Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Ming
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China.
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center of Neurosurgery, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China.
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China.
- Neurological Diseases and Brain Function Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China.
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Poniatowski ŁA, Woźnica M, Wojdasiewicz P, Mela-Kalicka A, Romanowska-Próchnicka K, Purrahman D, Żurek G, Krawczyk M, Nameh Goshay Fard N, Furtak-Niczyporuk M, Jaroszyński J, Mahmoudian-Sani MR, Joniec-Maciejak I. The Role of Progranulin (PGRN) in the Pathogenesis of Glioblastoma Multiforme. Cells 2024; 13:124. [PMID: 38247816 PMCID: PMC10814625 DOI: 10.3390/cells13020124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) represents the most common and aggressive malignant form of brain tumour in adults and is characterized by an extremely poor prognosis with dismal survival rates. Currently, expanding concepts concerning the pathophysiology of GBM are inextricably linked with neuroinflammatory phenomena. On account of this fact, the identification of novel pathomechanisms targeting neuroinflammation seems to be crucial in terms of yielding successful individual therapeutic strategies. In recent years, the pleiotropic growth factor progranulin (PGRN) has attracted significant attention in the neuroscience and oncological community regarding its neuroimmunomodulatory and oncogenic functions. This review of the literature summarizes and updates contemporary knowledge about PGRN, its associated receptors and signalling pathway involvement in GBM pathogenesis, indicating possible cellular and molecular mechanisms with potential diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic targets in order to yield successful individual therapeutic strategies. After a review of the literature, we found that there are possible PGRN-targeted therapeutic approaches for implementation in GBM treatment algorithms both in preclinical and future clinical studies. Furthermore, PGRN-targeted therapies exerted their highest efficacy in combination with other established chemotherapeutic agents, such as temozolomide. The results of the analysis suggested that the possible implementation of routine determinations of PGRN and its associated receptors in tumour tissue and biofluids could serve as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker of GBM. Furthermore, promising preclinical applications of PGRN-related findings should be investigated in clinical studies in order to create new diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms for GBM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz A. Poniatowski
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dietrich-Bonhoeffer-Klinikum, Salvador-Allende-Straße 30, 17036 Neubrandenburg, Germany
| | - Michał Woźnica
- Department of Spine Surgery, 7th Navy Hospital, Polanki 117, 80-305 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Piotr Wojdasiewicz
- Department of Biophysics, Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, Chałubińskiego 5, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland (K.R.-P.)
| | - Aneta Mela-Kalicka
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology (CePT), Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Romanowska-Próchnicka
- Department of Biophysics, Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, Chałubińskiego 5, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland (K.R.-P.)
- Department of Systemic Connective Tissue Diseases, Eleonora Reicher National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Spartańska 1, 02-637 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Daryush Purrahman
- Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; (D.P.)
| | - Grzegorz Żurek
- Department of Biostructure, Wrocław University of Health and Sport Sciences, I. J. Paderewskiego 35, 51-612 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Maciej Krawczyk
- 2nd Department of Neurology, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Sobieskiego 9, 02-957 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Najmeh Nameh Goshay Fard
- Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; (D.P.)
| | - Marzena Furtak-Niczyporuk
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Janusz Jaroszyński
- Department of Administrative Proceedings, Faculty of Law and Administration, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University of Lublin, Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej 5, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Mohammad-Reza Mahmoudian-Sani
- Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; (D.P.)
| | - Ilona Joniec-Maciejak
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology (CePT), Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
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Lau A, Le N, Nguyen C, Kandpal RP. Signals transduced by Eph receptors and ephrin ligands converge on MAP kinase and AKT pathways in human cancers. Cell Signal 2023; 104:110579. [PMID: 36572189 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Eph receptors, the largest known family of receptor tyrosine kinases, and ephrin ligands have been implicated in a variety of human cancers. The novel bidirectional signaling events initiated by binding of Eph receptors to their cognate ephrin ligands modulate many cellular processes such as proliferation, metastasis, angiogenesis, invasion, and apoptosis. The relationships between the abundance of a unique subset of Eph receptors and ephrin ligands with associated cellular processes indicate a key role of these molecules in tumorigenesis. The combinatorial expression of these molecules converges on MAP kinase and/or AKT/mTOR signaling pathways. The intracellular target proteins of the initial signal may, however, vary in some cancers. Furthermore, we have also described the commonality of up- and down-regulation of individual receptors and ligands in various cancers. The current state of research in Eph receptors illustrates MAP kinase and mTOR pathways as plausible targets for therapeutic interventions in various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Lau
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, United States of America
| | - Nghia Le
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, United States of America
| | - Claudia Nguyen
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, United States of America
| | - Raj P Kandpal
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, United States of America.
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Shen L, Li Y, Li N, Zhao Y, Zhou Q, Shen L, Li Z. Integrative analysis reveals the functional implications and clinical relevance of pyroptosis in low-grade glioma. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4527. [PMID: 35296768 PMCID: PMC8925295 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08619-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Using the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (training dataset) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (validation dataset), we found that low-grade gliomas can be divided into two molecular subclasses based on 30 pyroptosis genes. Cluster 1 presented higher immune cell and immune function scores and poorer prognosis than Cluster 2. We established a prognostic model based on 10 pyroptosis genes; the model could predict overall survival in glioma and was well validated in an independent dataset. The high-risk group had relatively higher immune cell and immune function scores and lower DNA methylation levels in pyroptosis genes than the low-risk group. There were no marked differences in pyroptosis gene alterations between the high- and low-risk groups. The competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory network uncovered the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulation patterns of the different risk groups in low-grade glioma. Five pairs of target genes and drugs were identified. In vitro, CASP8 silencing inhibited the migration and invasion of glioma cells. The expression of pyroptosis genes can reflect the molecular biological and clinical features of low-grade glioma subclasses. The developed prognostic model can predict overall survival and distinguish molecular alterations in patients. Our integrated analyses could provide valuable guidelines for improving risk management and therapy for low-grade glioma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Shen
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Li
- Department of Nursing, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yajie Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangfang Shen
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanzhan Li
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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