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Koenigbauer JT, Fangmann L, Rostin P, Balke S, Weid P, Henrich W, Weichert A, Christian G. Advanced maternal age (AMA) and 75 g oGTT glucose levels are pedictors for insulin therapy in women with gestational diabetes (GDM). J Perinat Med 2023; 51:1154-1162. [PMID: 37466452 DOI: 10.1515/jpm-2023-0170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Gestational diabetes (GDM) is a common complication during pregnancy that is strongly associated with adverse fetal and maternal outcomes. Advanced maternal age (≥35 years) is a known risk factor for GDM. Studies advocate that GDM comprises distinctive metabolic entities, suggesting an individualized approach based on early pregnancy characteristics (such as 75 g oGTT values, maternal age, obstetric history). METHODS The oGTT blood glucose levels of 1,664 women were categorized into isolated fasting hyperglycemia (GDM-IFH), isolated postprandial hyperglycemia (GDM-IPH) and combined hyperglycemia (GDM-CH), using the levels of the fasting, 1 h and 2 h values after glucose application. These three subtypes were analysed regarding baseline characteristics as well as fetal and maternal outcome in the context of maternal age. RESULTS This analysis reveals that the 75 g oGTT levels and maternal age can distinguish metabolic phenotypes in women with GDM. The overall rate of insulin therapy required was higher in women from the GDM-CH group and increased with maternal age (31.7 %, 38.2 %, <35 years, ≥35-39 years respectively, vs. total insulin rate 22.3 %, p-value <0.001). Women ≥35 years displayed a significantly higher caesarean delivery (CD) rate (<35 years 34.6 %, 38.4 %, 41.1 % vs. ≥35 years 54.8 %, 47.6 %, 46.5 %, GDM-IFH, GDM-IPH, GDM-CH respectively, p-value <0.001). CONCLUSIONS Women with fasting hyperglycemia, especially those with combined hyperglycemia and advanced maternal age (AMA) display a higher risk for unfavorable perinatal outcome. A categorization based on oGTT values and maternal age, as well as other characteristics can facilitate a basis for clinical risk stratification. Women at risk should receive an individualized and intensified perinatal care as well as interventional therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefine Theresia Koenigbauer
- Department of Obstetrics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Prenatal Diagnosis Bergmannstrasse 102, Berlin, Germany
| | - Laura Fangmann
- Department of Obstetrics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Paul Rostin
- Department of Obstetrics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Selina Balke
- Department of Obstetrics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Petra Weid
- Department of Obstetrics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Henrich
- Department of Obstetrics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Göbl Christian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Obstetrics and Fetomaternal Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Liu Y, Kong F, Wang W, Xin J, Zhang S, Chen J, Ming X, Wu X, Cui W, Wang H, Li W. Low estrogen level in aged mice leads to abnormal oogenesis affecting the quality of surrounded nucleolus-type immature oocytes. Reprod Fertil Dev 2022; 34:991-1001. [PMID: 36064201 DOI: 10.1071/rd22120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT With aging, various problems in the reproductive system emerge, especially in females. However, our understanding of reproductive aging in livestock and humans is limited. AIMS We aimed to investigate reproductive changes between young and aged mice. METHODS Eight- to ten-week-old female mice were used as the young group, and 10-month-old mice were studied as the aged group. Reproductive changes were investigated from physiological, histological, cytological, and epigenetic perspectives. KEY RESULTS The estrus cycle was shortened (P <0.0001), and the estradiol (E2) concentration was lower in aged mice (P <0.01), whereas the progesterone (P4) concentration did not differ between young and aged mice (P >0.05). The histological results revealed a lower number of antral follicles in the ovary and disordered epithelial tissue structures in the oviducts in aged mice. During oogenesis, the surrounded nucleolus (SN)-type oocytes in aged mice exhibited increased mitochondrial agglutination (P <0.05) and cellular apoptosis (P <0.01) as well as decreased H3K36 triple-methylation (P <0.001). Although many defects existed, the oocytes from aged mice could normally support cellular reprogramming after somatic cell nuclear transfer. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that the reduced levels of reproductive hormones in aged females lead to shorter estrus cycles and reduced follicular development, leading to abnormal oogenesis, particularly in SN-type immature oocytes. IMPLICATIONS These results provide new insight that enhance our understanding and improve the reproductive ability of aged females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Embryo Development and Reproductive Regulation, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Hormone and Reproduction, School of Biological and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang 236037, China; and Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Animal Models Core Facility, Institute for Applied Life Sciences (IALS), University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01002, USA
| | - Feng Kong
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Embryo Development and Reproductive Regulation, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Hormone and Reproduction, School of Biological and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang 236037, China
| | - Wenying Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Embryo Development and Reproductive Regulation, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Hormone and Reproduction, School of Biological and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang 236037, China
| | - Jing Xin
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Embryo Development and Reproductive Regulation, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Hormone and Reproduction, School of Biological and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang 236037, China
| | - Shengnan Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Embryo Development and Reproductive Regulation, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Hormone and Reproduction, School of Biological and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang 236037, China
| | - Ji Chen
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Embryo Development and Reproductive Regulation, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Hormone and Reproduction, School of Biological and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang 236037, China
| | - Xin Ming
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Embryo Development and Reproductive Regulation, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Hormone and Reproduction, School of Biological and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang 236037, China
| | - Xiaoqing Wu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Embryo Development and Reproductive Regulation, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Hormone and Reproduction, School of Biological and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang 236037, China
| | - Wei Cui
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Animal Models Core Facility, Institute for Applied Life Sciences (IALS), University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01002, USA
| | - Hongcheng Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Embryo Development and Reproductive Regulation, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Hormone and Reproduction, School of Biological and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang 236037, China; and Linquan Modern Agricultural Technology Cooperation and Extension Service Center, the Anhui Agricultural University's Comprehensive Experimental Station in the Northwest of Anhui Province, Linquan, Anhui 236400, China
| | - Wenyong Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Embryo Development and Reproductive Regulation, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Hormone and Reproduction, School of Biological and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang 236037, China
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