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Fujimoto G, Deguchi T, Shirai J, Saito K. Coexisting Sacrococcygeal Teratoma With Mild Encephalitis/Encephalopathy With a Reversible Splenial Lesion: A Case Report. Cureus 2024; 16:e62574. [PMID: 39027779 PMCID: PMC11255537 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.62574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion (MERS) is a rare disease characterized by a reversible lesion in the splenium of the corpus callosum (SCC) observed on MRI. The exact etiology of MERS is unknown, although infections and antiepileptic drugs have been reported as potential causes. Herein, we present the case of a 56-year-old male patient who experienced fever and headache for 3 days. He was referred to our hospital after symptomatic treatment by his primary care physician failed to improve his symptoms. The patient had no psychiatric symptoms or significant neurological findings. Head MRI revealed a high signal on SCC on diffusion-weighted imaging, raising the suspicion of MERS. All examinations to determine the cause of MERS were negative. The patient's symptoms improved with antibiotics and B complex vitamins. Upon admission, abdominal CT incidentally revealed a well-defined mass on the dorsal surface of the rectum suspected to be a tailgut cyst, warranting surgical resection. The cranial margin of the tumor was caudal to the third sacrum, and a trans-sacral approach was used for resection. The fifth sacrum and the coccyx were resected, and the tumor was resected without damaging the rectum. A histopathological examination revealed a mature teratoma without any malignancy. A follow-up CT at four months postoperatively showed no evidence of clinical recurrence of MERS. Adult-onset MERS is relatively rare, and no association with tumors has been reported. The association between encephalitis and teratomas includes ovarian teratomas, which cause anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis and paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis. Although the cause of MERS was unknown in this case, we report the coexistence of a sacral teratoma and MERS to contribute to the knowledge of the association between them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goshi Fujimoto
- Gastroenterological Surgery, Koga Community Hospital, Yaizu, JPN
| | - Takashi Deguchi
- Gastroenterological Surgery, Koga Community Hospital, Yaizu, JPN
| | - Junya Shirai
- Gastroenterological Surgery, Koga Community Hospital, Yaizu, JPN
| | - Kentaro Saito
- Gastroenterological Surgery, Koga Community Hospital, Yaizu, JPN
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Zhong Q, Zhang Q, Xiao Z, Zhang H. Laparoscopic transabdominal-sacrococcygeal approach for resection of Altman type III sacrococcygeal teratoma in adult women: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37887. [PMID: 38669424 PMCID: PMC11049684 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adult sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT) is a rare disease that is not easily detected or easily missed, and its treatment is based on surgery, including transabdominal, transsacral, or a combination of both, but there are no clear guidelines for diagnosis and treatment. We share a case of Altman type III SCT in order to provide more reference protocols for the diagnosis and treatment of adult SCT, and more importantly to increase our understanding of different types of SCT cases in adults. PATIENT CONCERNS Our patient was a 31-year-old adult woman who underwent complete surgical resection of a cystic mature teratoma of the right ovary 8 years ago and is currently 13 months postpartum without menstruation, usually with a feeling of anal bulge, with symptoms such as constipation. DIAGNOSIS We diagnosed SCT by vaginal ultrasonography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); benign tumors were considered in the results of serum tumor markers. INTERVENTIONS We chose the surgical approach of laparoscopic transabdominal-sacrococcygeal approach to completely remove the patient SCT and coccyx. OUTCOMES The location of SCT is concealed and the clinical symptoms are not obvious. Vaginal ultrasonography, CT and MRI can not only improve the diagnostic rate of SCT, but also understand the size and mass of SCT, providing an exact basis for clinicians to select the laparoscopic transabdominal-sacrococcygeal approach. CONCLUSION Our sharing increases the reports of rare cases of teratoma with the same histological findings in different organ tissues of the same patient at different times, whether this occurs incidentally requires more case reports and further basic research; in addition, the laparoscopic transabdominal-sacrococcygeal approach is a safe and effective surgical approach for the treatment of Altman type III SCT in adults; finally, this case reminds us that SCT may not affect pregnancy and pregnancy outcomes and provides a reference for the selection of interventions for SCT with pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhong
- Department of Gynecology, Guizhou Hospital of The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guiyang, China
| | - Qizhu Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ziwen Xiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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Ortega-Ruiz OR, Acevedo-Castillo CD, Pérez-Ruano LA, Caro-Osorio E. Simultaneous spine extradural and intradural teratomas in a pediatric patient: A rare presentation with insights in the flawed migration of germ cells theory. Childs Nerv Syst 2024; 40:1011-1017. [PMID: 38429504 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-024-06317-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Spinal teratomas are infrequent lesions in the pediatric population. These lesions can be extradural, intradural or intramedullary. We present a case of an 8-month-old boy that was assessed for underdevelopment of motor milestones. The neurologic examination revealed hyporeflexia, decreased sensation and flaccid paraplegia. MRI of the spine revealed two simultaneous and independent lesions in the extradural and intradural compartment. A laminectomy was performed for the T4-T7 vertebrae with total resection of both lesions. The histopathological analysis confirmed both lesions to be mature cystic teratomas. At the 1-year follow-up, the patient remained with no recovery of neurological function. A debate takes place regarding the etiology of formation of these lesions in the spine. The simultaneous presentation of two independent lesions in this patient could contribute to define the flawed migration of germ cells theory as the etiology for formation of teratomatous lesions in the spine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar R Ortega-Ruiz
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Zambrano Hellion, TecSalud, Av. Batallon de San Patricio 112, Real San Agustín, 66,260 San Pedro Garza García, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Carlos D Acevedo-Castillo
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Zambrano Hellion, TecSalud, Av. Batallon de San Patricio 112, Real San Agustín, 66,260 San Pedro Garza García, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Luis Alejandro Pérez-Ruano
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Zambrano Hellion, TecSalud, Av. Batallon de San Patricio 112, Real San Agustín, 66,260 San Pedro Garza García, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Enrique Caro-Osorio
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Zambrano Hellion, TecSalud, Av. Batallon de San Patricio 112, Real San Agustín, 66,260 San Pedro Garza García, Nuevo León, Mexico.
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Alsahouri MI, Alsalah QA, Abufara AA, Hammouri AG, Alzatari I, Qumsieh U. Sacrococcygeal teratoma in an adult female patient-case report and review of literature. J Surg Case Rep 2024; 2024:rjad731. [PMID: 38250128 PMCID: PMC10799244 DOI: 10.1093/jscr/rjad731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT) in adults is very rare with only a few cases documented in the literature, adult prevalence varies between 1 in 40 000 and 1 in 63 000. Most SCTs are located either mainly extra-pelvic (types I and II), which are more commonly seen in neonates; however, mainly intra-pelvic tumors (types III and IV) are more typical in adulthood. Extra-pelvic teratomas are extremely rare in adults. When SCT manifests in an adult, it appears as a slow-growing tumor without symptoms and usually manifests after becoming large enough to cause compression symptoms. SCT has a 1-2% probability of malignant transformation. Herein, we report a 20-year-old female, who was diagnosed with lower back swelling since childhood that increased in size over the last 2 months; imaging revealed an extra-pelvic mass. This case describes an atypical scenario for SCT, which was successfully managed with surgery. The histopathology report confirmed the diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad I Alsahouri
- Faculty of Medicine, Palestine Polytechnic University, Hebron 9020000, Palestine
| | - Qusai A Alsalah
- Faculty of Medicine, Palestine Polytechnic University, Hebron 9020000, Palestine
| | - Arein A Abufara
- Faculty of Medicine, Palestine Polytechnic University, Hebron 9020000, Palestine
| | - Ahmad G Hammouri
- Radiology Department, Al-Ahli Hospital, Hebron 9020000, Palestine
| | - Ibrahim Alzatari
- Radiology Department, Al-Ahli Hospital, Hebron 9020000, Palestine
| | - Usama Qumsieh
- Faculty of Medicine, Palestine Polytechnic University, Hebron 9020000, Palestine
- Pediatric Surgery Department, Al-Ahli Hospital, Hebron 9020000, Palestine
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Fischerova D, Santos G, Wong L, Yulzari V, Bennett RJ, Dundr P, Burgetova A, Barsa P, Szabó G, Sousa N, Scovazzi U, Cibula D. Imaging in gynecological disease (26): clinical and ultrasound characteristics of benign retroperitoneal pelvic peripheral-nerve-sheath tumors. ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2023; 62:727-738. [PMID: 37058402 DOI: 10.1002/uog.26223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the clinical and sonographic characteristics of benign, retroperitoneal, pelvic peripheral-nerve-sheath tumors (PNSTs). METHODS This was a retrospective study of patients with a benign, retroperitoneal, pelvic PNST who had undergone preoperative ultrasound examination at a single gynecologic oncology center between 1 January 2018 and 31 August 2022. All ultrasound images, videoclips and final histological specimens of benign PNSTs were reviewed side-by-side in order to: describe the ultrasound appearance of the tumors, using the terminology of the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis (IOTA), Morphological Uterus Sonographic Assessment (MUSA) and Vulvar International Tumor Analysis (VITA) groups, following a predefined ultrasound assessment form; describe their origin in relation to nerves and pelvic anatomy; and assess the association between their ultrasound features and histotopography. A review of the literature reporting benign, retroperitoneal, pelvic PNSTs with preoperative ultrasound examination was performed. RESULTS Five women (mean age, 53 years) with a benign, retroperitoneal, pelvic PNST were identified, four with a schwannoma and one with a neurofibroma, of which all were sporadic and solitary. All patients had good-quality ultrasound images and videoclips and final biopsy of surgically excised tumors, except one patient managed conservatively who had only a core needle biopsy. In all cases, the findings were incidental. The five PNSTs ranged in maximum diameter from 31 to 50 mm. All five PNSTs were solid, moderately vascular tumors, with non-uniform echogenicity, well-circumscribed by hyperechogenic epineurium and with no acoustic shadowing. Most of the masses were round (n = 4 (80%)), and contained small, irregular, anechoic, cystic areas (n = 3 (60%)) and hyperechogenic foci (n = 5 (100%)). In the woman with a schwannoma in whom surgery was not performed, follow-up over a 3-year period showed minimal growth (1.5 mm/year) of the mass. We also summarize the findings of 47 cases of benign retroperitoneal schwannoma and neurofibroma identified in a literature search. CONCLUSIONS On ultrasound examination, no imaging characteristics differentiate reliably between benign schwannomas and neurofibromas. Moreover, benign PNSTs show some similar features to malignant retroperitoneal tumors. They are solid lesions with intralesional blood vessels and show degenerative changes such as cystic areas and hyperechogenic foci. Therefore, ultrasound-guided biopsy may play a pivotal role in their diagnosis. If confirmed to be benign PNSTs, these tumors can be managed conservatively, with ultrasound surveillance. © 2023 The Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Fischerova
- Gynecologic Oncology Center, Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Neonatology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - G Santos
- Institute for Women's Health, The Medical City, Pasig City, Philippines
| | - L Wong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Monash University and Monash Health, Clayton, Australia
| | - V Yulzari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - R J Bennett
- Department of Pathology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - P Dundr
- Department of Pathology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - A Burgetova
- Department of Radiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - P Barsa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurocenter, Regional Hospital Liberec, Liberec, Czech Republic
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neuro-oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Central Military Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - G Szabó
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - N Sousa
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal
| | - U Scovazzi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino and University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - D Cibula
- Gynecologic Oncology Center, Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Neonatology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
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Baikady SS, Singaram NK. Adult Onset Sacrococcygeal Teratoma. Cureus 2023; 15:e45291. [PMID: 37846273 PMCID: PMC10576869 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.45291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT), one of the most common neoplastic tumors in newborns, is found very rarely in adults. These teratomas are germ cell tumours. Most of these tumors are benign and cystic in nature, with only 1-2% of them having a malignant transformation. Most of these tumors are benign and cystic in nature, with only 1-2% of them having malignant transformation. A higher incidence was seen in females. Typically, cystic teratomas are asymptomatic, and so the diagnosis was often made inadvertently during radiographic studies. The majority of treatment is complete surgical excision, and both open and laparoscopic procedures have been proven to be efficient. Histopathologic examination can confirm the diagnosis. We present this unusual instance of a 56-year-old female patient with a sacrococcygeal teratoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shathak S Baikady
- Surgical Oncology, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupathi, IND
- General Surgery, Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Bangalore, IND
| | - Nagesh K Singaram
- Surgical Oncology, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupati, IND
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